Genetic analysis of the avirulence of wheatgrass powdery mildew fungus on common wheat

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 913-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tosa
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Avirulence Genes ◽  
Powdery Mildew Fungus ◽  
Major Genes ◽  
Formae Speciales

F1 hybrid cultures between Erysiphe graminis f.sp. agropyri (wheatgrass mildew fungus) and E. graminis f.sp. tritici (wheat mildew fungus) were produced by using a common host of the two formae spéciales. When three common wheat cultivars, Triticum aestivum cv. Norin 4, T. aestivum cv. Norin 10, and T. compactum cv. No. 44, were inoculated with a population of F1 cultures, avirulent and virulent cultures segregated in a 3:1 ratio. This indicated that two major genes are involved in the avirulence of E. graminis f.sp. agropyri, Ak-1, on each of the three cultivars. Further analyses revealed that the three pairs of avirulence genes have one gene in common. On T. aestivum cv. Shin-chunaga, T. aestivum cv. Norin 26, and a strain of T. macha, the F1 population segregated in the same pattern as on T. aestivum cv. Norin 4, indicating that the same pair of avirulence genes is operating on these four cultivars. On T. aestivum cv. Red Egyptian the distribution of F1 phenotypes was continuous, suggesting that no major genes are involved in the avirulence of Ak-1 on this cultivar.Key words: powdery mildew, Erysiphe graminis, avirulence, wheat, wheatgrass.

A gene involved in the resistance of wheat to wheatgrass powdery mildew fungus

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 850-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tosa ◽  
H. Tsujimoto ◽  
H. Ogura
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Powdery Mildew Fungus ◽  
Key Words Wheat ◽  
Hybrid Culture ◽  
The Common

A gene for resistance to Erysiphe graminis was detected in the common wheat cultivars 'Norin 4', 'Norin 26', 'Norin 29', 'Shin-chunaga', and 'Penjamo 62', using a hybrid culture derived from E. graminis f.sp. agropyri × E. graminis f.sp. tritici. The gene was located on chromosome 1D and designated Pm10. Pm10 was considered to be involved in the resistance of wheat to the wheatgrass powdery mildew fungus. Key words: wheat, resistance, powdery mildew, Erysiphe graminis.

Identification of a gene for resistance to wheatgrass powdery mildew fungus in the common wheat cultivar Chinese Spring

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 612-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tosa ◽  
H. Tokunaga ◽  
H. Ogura
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Common Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Powdery Mildew Fungus ◽  
Hybrid Culture ◽  
The Common

A gene for resistance to Erysiphe graminis was detected in Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring, strain Salmon, T. compactum cv. No. 44, and T. spelta var. duhamelianum, using a hybrid culture derived from E. graminis f. sp. agropyri × E. graminis f. sp. tritici. The gene was located on the short arm of chromosome 6B and designated Pm11. Pm11 was considered to be involved in the resistance of wheat to the wheatgrass powdery mildew fungus.Key words: wheat, resistance, powdery mildew, Erysiphe graminis.

Gene-for-gene interactions between the rye mildew fungus and wheat cultivars

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 758-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tosa
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Gene Interactions ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Gene For Gene

Genetic mechanisms of the incompatibility between Erysiphe graminis f.sp. secalis and wheat cultivars were analyzed using F1 hybrids between E. graminis f.sp. secalis, Sk-1, and f.sp. tritici, Tk-1. The avirulence of Sk-1 on Triticum aestivum 'Norin 4', 'Chinese Spring', and 'Kokeshi-komugi' was controlled by a single gene. The resistance of the three cultivars to Sk-1 was also controlled by a single gene, Pm15, a gene for resistance to E. graminis f.sp. agropyri. Implications of these results were discussed in terms of host–parasite coevolution.Key words: powdery mildew, Erysiphe graminis, resistance, wheat.

Transfer of 35S from wheat to the powdery mildew fungus with compatible and incompatible parasite/host genotypes

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Slesinski ◽  
A. H. Ellingboe
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Radioactive Tracer ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Incompatible Interaction ◽  
Powdery Mildew Fungus ◽  
The Relationship

Development of Erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici on wheat, Triticum aestivum, was studied with compatible and incompatible parasite/host genotypes by measuring the rates of transfer of a radioactive tracer from host to parasite during primary infection. Inoculated wheat plants were fed 35SO4− for various 5-h periods beginning 1 to 21 h after inoculation. Rates of 35S transfer were determined by removing the portion of the fungus on the surface of the leaf with a parlodion film and measuring the amount of radioactivity transferred to the parasite during each 5-h period. Four different parasite/host genotypes which specify incompatibility of the relationship, i.e. P1/Pm1, P2/Pm2, P3a/pm3a, and P4/pm4, differed in the inhibition of 35S transfer according to the time and extent of the incompatible interaction specified by each genotype. With the four genotypes P1/Pm1, P1/pm1, p1/pm1, and p1/Pm1 representing alternative combinations of corresponding genes in the parasite and the host, low rates of transfer were observed with the P1/Pm1 incompatible genotype while similar high rates of transfer were observed with each of the remaining compatible genotypes except p1/Pm1. Rates of 35S transfer were lower for the p1/Pm1 genotype than observed with p1/pm1 even though all three genotypes specify compatibility between parasite and host as evaluated by morphological development of the parasite during primary infection and by infection type at 7 days after inoculation.

Operation of resistance genes in wheat to Erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici against E. graminis f.sp. agropyri

Genome ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tosa ◽  
S. Tada
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Avirulence Genes ◽  
Common Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
The Common

The common wheat cultivar 'Chancellor' and its near-isogenic lines carrying resistance genes to Erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici were inoculated with 240 F1 cultures derived from a cross between E. graminis f.sp. agropyri, Ak-1, and E. graminis f.sp. tritici, Tk-1. Segregation patterns of avirulent and virulent cultures suggested that the F1 population carries avirulence genes corresponding to Pm1, Pm2, Pm3a, and Pm3b. These avirulence genes were considered to be derived from Ak-1. It was therefore concluded that Pm1, Pm2, Pm3a, and Pm3b, resistance genes to E. graminis f.sp. tritici, operate against E. graminis f.sp. agropyri.Key words: powdery mildew, Erysiphe graminis, resistance, wheat, wheatgrass.

The genetics of resistance of hexaploid wheat to the wheatgrass powdery mildew fungus

Genome ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tosa ◽  
K. Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Cultivar Resistance ◽  
Genetics Of Resistance ◽  
Powdery Mildew Fungus ◽  
The Third ◽  
Forma Specialis ◽  
Cultivar Specificity ◽  
Gene For Gene

The avirulence of Erysiphe graminis f.sp. agropyri, Ak-1, on Triticum aestivum 'Norin 4' and 'Norin 10' and T. compactum 'No.44' is conditioned by four genes; three operate singly against each cultivar and one operates against all three cultivars. If the forma specialis – genus specificity follows the gene-for-gene relationship, four major genes should be involved in the resistance of the three cultivars to Ak-1, one carried only by 'Norin 4', one carried only by 'No.44', one carried only by 'Norin 10', and one carried by all three cultivars. The first and second genes were considered to be the previously reported genes Pm10 and Pm11, respectively. The third and fourth genes were successfully detected using F1 hybrid cultures between Ak-1 and E. graminis f.sp. tritici, Tk-1. They were located on chromosomes 6B and 7D and designated Pm14 and Pm15, respectively. These results strongly support the assumption that the forma specialis – genus specificity follows the gene-for-gene relationship. It is, therefore, concluded that this type of specificity belongs to cultivar specificity rather than plant-species specificity and that the resistance to inappropriate formae speciales is essentially cultivar resistance and not nonhost resistance.Key words: powdery mildew, Erysiphe graminis, wheat, wheatgrass, resistance.

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