Isozyme variation and inheritance in blueberry

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 776-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholi Vorsa ◽  
Paul S. Manos ◽  
Maria I. van Heemstra
Keyword(s):  
Single Gene ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Mendelian Inheritance ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Tissue Extracts ◽  
Isozyme Polymorphism ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Leaf tissue extracts from diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid species of blueberry, Vaccinium section Cyanococcus, were electrophoretically analyzed for isozyme polymorphism in 12 enzyme systems. Aldolase, shikimate dehydrogenase, triose phosphate isomerase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, aconitase, alcohol dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase showed activity, but banding was not clear. Four enzymes, malate dehydrogenase (MDH), phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD), and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), exhibited interpretable banding patterns. Two loci were apparent for MDH, PGI, and 6-PGD and one for IDH. Polymorphism was detected at Mdh-2, Pgi-2, 6-Pgd-2, and Idh. Three allozymes were found at Mdh-2 and Idh and at least four at Pgi-2 and 6-Pgd-2. Allozyme segregation ratios observed in progeny of controlled diploid crosses supported single-gene Mendelian inheritance. Banding patterns of all allozymes indicated a dimeric structure for these four enzymes. It appears that all alleles at multiallelic loci are expressed in polyploids. Preliminary data suggest that allozyme analyses may be useful in taxonomic studies in blueberry.Key words: Vaccinium, allozymes, inheritance, electrophoresis.

Inheritance and linkage of isozymes in Populus tremuloides (Michx.)

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung O. Hyun ◽  
Om P. Rajora ◽  
Louis Zsuffa
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Gene Control ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Tests ◽  
Populus Species

Progenies of four controlled crosses were assayed electrophoretically to determine the inheritance of isozymes of 10 loci coding for six enzymes, aconitase (ACO), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD), and phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), in roots of Populus tremuloides. Chi-square goodness of fit tests verified a single-gene Mendelian control of the segregating allozyme variants at each of five loci: Aco-1, Got, Pgm-2, 6-Pgd-2, and Pgi-2. Evidence was also obtained for a single-gene control of each of the remaining five loci (Aco-2, Idh, Pgm-1, 6-Pgd-1, and Pgi-1). ACO and PGM showed monomeric, while GOT, IDH, 6-PGD, and PGI had dimeric, banding patterns. The results of joint two-locus segregation tests indicated no linkage between 6-Pgd-2 and Pgi-2. Key words: Populus species, electrophoresis, allozymes, inheritance, linkage.

scholarly journals Identifying Crabapple Cultivars by Isozymes

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Marquard ◽  
Charlotte R. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Polymorphic Region ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Starch Gel

Forty-five crabapple (Malus spp.) cultivars were evaluated for 16 isozyme systems by starch gel electrophoresis. Of the 16 systems evaluated, 6 were useful in separating among cultivars. Enzyme systems used to distinguish among the cultivars included alcohol dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, malate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucoisomerase, and shikimate dehydrogenase. Each enzyme system produced one well-resolved polymorphic region except for 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, which produced two. Most crabapple selections could be identified when all six enzymes were evaluated. Alcohol dehydrogenase had the most diagnostic banding patterns useful for cultivar identification.

scholarly journals Isozymes in Ananas (Pineapple): Genetics and Usefulness in Taxonomy

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. DeWald ◽  
G.A. Moore ◽  
W.B. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Initial Study ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Isozyme Polymorphism ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Starch Gels ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Genetically characterized isozyme loci are useful for taxonomic studies. In an initial study a few Ananas genotypes were used to determine which enzyme systems would give well-resolved banding patterns on starch gels. The enzyme-staining systems that resulted in well-resolved banding patterns were used to survey more Ananas genotypes to identify and characterize isozyme polymorphism. Genetic studies were performed using seedling populations to determine the basis of variability observed among genotypes. Two peroxidase loci and three phosphoglucomutase loci were identified and characterized. Information from these studies, was used to formulate a system by which species and plant introductions could be identified and distinguished.

scholarly journals Identification of Sweetpotato Cultivars Using Isozyme Analysis

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry S. Kennedy ◽  
Paul G. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Malic Enzyme ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Xanthine Dehydrogenase ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Glucosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Starch Gel

The enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase, diaphorase, esterase, glutamate dehydrogenase, glucosephosphate isomerase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, shikimate dehydrogenase, and xanthine dehydrogenase were analyzed by starch gel electrophoresis of leaf tissue from nine sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] cultivars. Bands of most enzymes were well-defined. Polymorphisms were found in nine enzymes, and cultivars were identified by comparing polymorphisms.

Identification of pollen donors for the sweet cherry cultivars ‘Stella’ and ‘Summit’ by isozyme analysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Brant ◽  
A. R. Granger ◽  
J. Witherspoon ◽  
G. G. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Mixed Block ◽  
Glucose Phosphate Isomerase ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glucose Phosphate ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars

Pollinisers of the sweet cherry cultivars ‘Stella’ and ‘Summit’ were determined by analysing isozymes of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD), glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), shikimate dehydrogenase (SKDH), fructose-1,6-diphosphatase (FDP), and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) in their embryos. Possible polliniser cultivars were selected on the basis of similar full bloom dates and orchard position in regard to Stella or Summit. Examination of the ratios for the segregation of isozymes showed that Summit was predominantly pollinated by Stella, and Stella by Van. In the same orchard, but in a different season, the main polliniser for Stella was found to be Venus, and 29% of Stella embryos resulted from selfing. Thus the effectiveness of cherry pollinisers depends on overlapping flowering dates, which can vary from year to year, and, for a self-fertile cultivar in a mixed block, cross-pollination predominates over selfing.

scholarly journals Distinguishing Apple Rootstocks by Isozyme Banding Patterns

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 829-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyrus Samimy ◽  
James N. Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Isozyme Polymorphism ◽  
Starch Gel

Isozymes of six enzyme systems extracted from 13 apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) rootstocks were separated electrophoretically on a horizontal starch gel. Each rootstock was clearly distinguished by its unique isozyme banding patterns. All the rootstocks were distinguishable using only two of the enzyme systems, phosphoglucomutase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, both of which exhibited considerable isozyme polymorphism.

scholarly journals Identifying Lychee Cultivars by Isozyme Analysis

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Degani ◽  
A. Beiles ◽  
R. El-Batsri ◽  
M. Goren ◽  
S. Gazit
Keyword(s):  
Triosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Isozyme Polymorphism ◽  
Parental Analysis ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Large Clusters ◽  
First Time

Leaf isozyme banding patterns were studied in 30 cultivars and selections of lychee (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.) by means of starch gel electrophoresis. Polymorphism in aconitase, aspartate aminotransferase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, shikimate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase and triosephosphate isomerase is demonstrated for the first time and observations are extended for the previously described polymorphism in phosphoglucose isomerase. In this study we found five groups of cultivars with identical electrophoretic genotypes. The 18 different cultivars were clustered by the UPGMA method into two large clusters and three pairs of similar cultivars. Three cultivars were relatively separate from the clusters. This study shows that isozyme polymorphism is a prevalent phenomenon in lychee, and that isozymes can provide useful genetic markers for lychee cultivar identification and parental analysis.

scholarly journals The pentose phosphate pathway of glucose metabolism. Measurement of the non-oxidative reactions of the cycle

1968 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 775-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Novello ◽  
Patricia McLean
Keyword(s):  
Pentose Phosphate Pathway ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Pentose Phosphate ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Tissue Extracts ◽  
Oxidative Reactions ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Rate Limiting ◽  
Made In

Methods for the quantitative determination of ribose 5-phosphate isomerase, ribulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase, transketolase and transaldolase in tissue extracts are described. The determinations depend on the measurement of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate by using the coupled system triose phosphate isomerase, α-glycero-phosphate dehydrogenase and NADH. By using additional purified enzymes transketolase, ribose 5-phosphate isomerase and ribulose 5-phosphate epimerase conditions could be arranged so that each enzyme in turn was made rate-limiting in the overall system. Transaldolase was measured with fructose 6-phosphate and erythrose 4-phosphate as substrates, and again glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate was measured by using the same coupled system. Measurements of the activities of the non-oxidative reactions of the pentose phosphate pathway were made in a variety of tissues and the values compared with those of the two oxidative steps catalysed by glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase.

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