Idiograms of horse chromosomes at prometaphase, early metaphase, and midmetaphase after R-banding by BrdU incorporation followed by the fluorochrome–photolysis–Giemsa technique

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 674-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
April Romagnano ◽  
Régen Drouin ◽  
Claude-Lise Richer
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Chromosome Banding ◽  
Brdu Incorporation ◽  
Domestic Horse ◽  
Cell Synchronization

We present three idiograms of equine chromosomes, R-banded after BrdU incorporation and stained by the fluorochrome–photolysis–Giemsa technique. The haploid set of prometaphasic chromosomes shows 591 bands (range 7–38 per chromosome), the early metaphasic set 404 (range 5–26), and the midmetaphasic set 272 (range 3–18). Following cell synchronization with thymidine, more than twice as many R-bands were revealed on the resulting prometaphasic chromosomes, making possible the establishment of a very accurate and characteristic representation of this banding pattern in the domestic horse. Key words: chromosome banding, horse, R-bands, prometaphase.

High-resolution R-banding at the 1250-band level. II. Schematic representation and nomenclature of human RBG-banded chromosomes

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Régen Drouin ◽  
Claude-Lise Richer
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Chromosome Banding ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Brdu Incorporation ◽  
Lateral Asymmetry ◽  
Schematic Representation ◽  
Band Contrast ◽  
Definition Of

Detailed characterization of the RBG-banding pattern at the 1250-band level has been done after thymidine synchronization and block release with 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU), which induces chromosome elongation and improves definition of chromosomal bands. Optimal conditions for the incorporation of BrdU and the use of the FPG (fluorochrome–photolysis–Giemsa) technique produced excellent band separation and band contrast even in highly elongated prophase chromosomes. Moreover, we did not observe lateral asymmetry in C-banded regions. The schematic representation of these elongated chromosomes in the 1250-band range per haploid set was prepared showing the relative position, the specific size, and the characteristic staining intensity for each band. To this idiogram was extended the International Standard Cytogenetic Nomenclature. This realistic idiogram should help in the preparation of R-banded prophase karyotypes and in the identification and localization of chromosomal rearrangements. Because differences exist between RBG and RHG bands, a brief comparative description of each RBG-banded chromosome is included. Moreover, a minute analysis of the banding pattern revealed that various parts of chromosomes contract differently. We also observed the presence of R-positive bands in heterochromatic regions of the short arms of the acrocentrics, and of chromosomes 1, 9, 16, and Y.Key words: high-resolution chromosome banding, R-banding, idiogram, dynamic bandings, prophase chromosomes, chromosome banding by BrdU incorporation.

scholarly journals Chromosome banding pattern in a polymorphic population of Sorex araneus from northeastern Finland

Hereditas ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIISA HALKKA ◽  
O. HALKKA ◽  
U. SKARÉN ◽  
VERONICA SÖDERLUND
Keyword(s):  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Chromosome Banding ◽  
Sorex Araneus

Normal Chromosome Banding Pattern in Alzheimer’s Disease

Gerontology ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brun ◽  
L. Gustafson ◽  
F. Mitelman
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Chromosome Banding ◽  
Normal Chromosome

Chromosome Banding and Mechanism of Chromosome Aberrations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
Asikho Kiso ◽  
N. Abenthung Kithan
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Chromosome Aberrations ◽  
Chromosome Banding ◽  
Chromosome Complement ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Evolutionary Trends ◽  
Chromosome Differentiation ◽  
Suitable Technique

Chromosome identification depends on the morphological features of the chromosome and therefore karyotype and its banding pattern analyses are the most suitable technique to identify each and every chromosome of a chromosome complement. Moreover, aberrations caused by breaks play an important role in the evolution of a chromosome set and chromosome complement by decreasing or increasing the chromosome number. Therefore, both the aspects are discussed in detail in the present chapter. At present, the chapter will highlight the karyotype and its components, karyotype trends, evolution and its role in speciation, banding pattern and techniques, chromosome differentiation and linearization, banding applications and their uses, detection and analysis of chromosomal aberrations, chromosome and chromatid types of aberrations and mechanism of the formation of chromosome aberrations and breaks for karyotype evolutionary trends.

FLUORESCENT PROBES OF CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE AND REPLICATION

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel A. Latt
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Banding ◽  
Chromosome Structure ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Replication Timing ◽  
Brdu Incorporation ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Chromosome Staining

Procedures employing fluorescent dyes or Giemsa stain have been utilized to differentiate metaphase chromosomes into longitudinal segments termed bands. In spite of the immense practical utility of chromosome banding, the chemical basis of banding patterns remains incompletely understood. Physical chemical studies have elucidated the modes and specificities of the interaction of fluorescent dyes such as quinacrine, 33258 Hoechst, daunomycin, chromomycin A3 and 7-aminoactinomycin D with DNA and chromatin. However, it is not clear that all aspects of chromosome staining are explainable in terms of the optical properties of soluble dye-DNA complexes. BrdU-dye techniques in which chromosome staining depends on the schedule of BrdU incorporation by cells, have been used for cytological studies of chromosome structure and replication. These procedures have revealed a close association between quinacrine or Giemsa bands and late replicating chromosomal regions. Biochemical studies on chromatin differentially labelled according to replication timing may thus prove useful for investigating the molecular basis of chromosome banding.

Hordeum chilense (2n = 14) computer-assisted Giemsa karyotypes

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Armstrong ◽  
Iris L. Craig ◽  
C. Merritt
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Chromosome Banding ◽  
Hordeum Chilense ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Software Program

The Giemsa karyotype of three accessions of Hordeum chilense Roem. and Schult were studied in detail. The idiograms were developed using a computer-assisted software program that contained the ability to straighten and measure chromosomes. Distinctive banding patterns were formed on each of the seven chromosome pairs, which in conjunction with length and arm ratio allowed the identification of each chromosome. Some differences in the banding patterns of the accessions were noted. Key words: Hordeum, chromosome banding.

Immunoblot patterns of Giardia duodenalis isolates from different hosts and geographical locations

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Forrest ◽  
J. Isaac-Renton ◽  
W. Bowie
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Immunoblot Analysis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gels ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Antigenic Reactivity ◽  
Geographical Locations

Eighteen isolates of Giardia duodenalis from animal and human sources were studied for protein differences by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and for antigenic differences by immunoblot analysis. The polyacrylamide gels showed that whilst the isolates were for the most part homogeneous in their protein banding patterns, some isolates did show some differences. The immunoblot analysis yielded many bands, including prominent bands of 32 and 66 kilodaltons. Five of the six isolates that showed differences in protein banding pattern also showed differences in antigenic reactivity. Our findings suggest that differences can be seen with the use of immunoblotting and that this technique is a tool that may be useful for isolate differentiation when used in conjunction with other techniques. Key words: Giardia, giardiasis, characterization, immunoblot.

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