Mating system and genetic polymorphism in populations of Secale cereale and S. vavilovii

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pérez De La Vega ◽  
R. W. Allard
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Random Mating ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Incompatibility System ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Isozyme Polymorphism ◽  
Self Fertilization

Electrophoretic banding patterns were determined for nine enzyme systems (IPO, PGM, PGI, LAP, GOT, EST, PHOS, MDH, CPX) in four populations of Secale cereale L. from widely different geographical areas, and in one population of S. vavilovii Grossh. Secale cereale was found to be extensively variable and S. vavilovii invariant for these enzyme systems. Formal genetic studies of nine polymorphic banding zones in S. cereale revealed that each zone was under single locus control. Mating system studies based on these loci indicated that 8% of self-fertilization occurred under field conditions in a population of S. cereale, a species with a highly developed self-incompatibility system. Each population was characterized by fewer heterozygotes than expected in random mating populations. Genotypic and allelic frequencies were nearly identical in four populations of S. cereale, despite their diverse origins and different cytological characteristics.Key words: mating system, Secale, rye, isozyme polymorphism.

scholarly journals Isozymes in Ananas (Pineapple): Genetics and Usefulness in Taxonomy

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. DeWald ◽  
G.A. Moore ◽  
W.B. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Initial Study ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Isozyme Polymorphism ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Starch Gels ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Genetically characterized isozyme loci are useful for taxonomic studies. In an initial study a few Ananas genotypes were used to determine which enzyme systems would give well-resolved banding patterns on starch gels. The enzyme-staining systems that resulted in well-resolved banding patterns were used to survey more Ananas genotypes to identify and characterize isozyme polymorphism. Genetic studies were performed using seedling populations to determine the basis of variability observed among genotypes. Two peroxidase loci and three phosphoglucomutase loci were identified and characterized. Information from these studies, was used to formulate a system by which species and plant introductions could be identified and distinguished.

Banding of rye (Secale cereale) chromosomes using the restriction enzymes AluI, DraI, HpaII, and MspI

Genome ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 998-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Stößer ◽  
T. Günther ◽  
C. U. Hesemann
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Chromosome Band ◽  
Banding Technique ◽  
Recognition Sequence ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Characteristic Banding

Mitotic metaphase chromosomes of the rye inbred line L 301, which belongs to the Sortiment of the University of Hohenheim, were treated in situ with the restriction enzymes AluI (recognition sequence: 5′-AC/GT-3′), DraI (recognition sequence: 5′-TTT/AAA-3′), and the isoschizomeres HpaII and MspI (recognition sequence: 5′-C/CGG-3′) and stained with Giemsa. The chromosomes indicated similar banding patterns in comparison with the conventional Giemsa-C-banding. However, we have found in rye chromosomes after restrictase treatment that the telomeric bands were reduced in extension. In a lower degree the centromeric bands of individual chromosomes could be absent in dependence of the used restriction enzymes. The number of the intercalary bands were also reduced. Nevertheless, the tested restriction enzymes produced characteristic banding patterns of the rye genome. This uncomplicated banding technique is suited for a very quick banding method of karyotype analysis especially to obtain a first survey of the band patterns on the rye chromosomes.Key words: Secale cereale L., chromosome band pattern, in situ digestion, restriction endonuclease, restriction banding.

A TENTATIVE IDENTIFICATION OF CHROMOSOMES PRESENT IN TETRAPLOID TRITICALE BASED ON HETEROCHROMATIC BANDING PATTERNS

1978 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Gustafson ◽  
K. D. Krolow
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Wheat Genome ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Tentative Identification ◽  
C Banding ◽  
B Genome ◽  
Secale Cereale L

Three tetraploid triticales were analysed by C-banding techniques in order to establish their chromosome constitutions. All three tetraploid triticales contained seven rye chromosomes with the banding pattern of Secale cereale L. A mixture of A- and B-genome chromosomes from Triticum turgidum L. constituted the wheat genome present in the tetraploid triticales. Triticale Trc 4x3 contained 1A, 2B, 3A, 4A, 5B, 6A, and 7B. Triticale Trc 4x2 contained 1A, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B, 6A, and 7B, while triticale Trc 4x5 contained 1A, 2B, 3B, 4A, 5A, 6A, and 7B. The reliability of the staining technique is subject to errors in identification, which are discussed.

scholarly journals Lethal chlorophyll change resulting in a light-violet colour in winter rye (Secale cereale L.) seedlings

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Gabara ◽  
Helena Kubicka
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Split Ratio ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
Granular Matrix

This paper describes a lethal chlorophyll change characterized by light-violet seedlings, obtained after self-fertilization of a dwarf winter rye form from Jeleniec. The manner of inheritance of this mutation has been established. Genetic analysis of green and light-violet plant segregating frequences in inbred generations S<sub>3</sub> and S<sub>4</sub> has showed that the obtained split ratio approximates the theoretical ratio 3:1. This proves that the feature in question is determined by the recessive gene cl<sub>3</sub>. The gene cl<sub>3</sub> is lethal as it results in the death of the seedlings 4 weeks after germination. In contrast to the membrane system characteristic for the chloroplasts, the mesophyll cells of mutants (light-violet in colour) contained plastids devoid of granal and intergranal thylakoids. Only fragments of lamellae, vesicles or light areas were present in the granular matrix of these plastids.

scholarly journals Non-random mating in a Secale cereale L. (rye) population

Heredity ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Polanco ◽  
C Gonzalez ◽  
F J Vences ◽  
M Perez de la Vega
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Random Mating ◽  
Secale Cereale L

scholarly journals Distinguishing Apple Rootstocks by Isozyme Banding Patterns

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 829-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyrus Samimy ◽  
James N. Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Isozyme Polymorphism ◽  
Starch Gel

Isozymes of six enzyme systems extracted from 13 apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) rootstocks were separated electrophoretically on a horizontal starch gel. Each rootstock was clearly distinguished by its unique isozyme banding patterns. All the rootstocks were distinguishable using only two of the enzyme systems, phosphoglucomutase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, both of which exhibited considerable isozyme polymorphism.

Effet antioxydant et antihyperglycémiant du seigle (Secale cereale L.) et du sorgho (Sorghum bicolor L.) chez le rat Wistar rendu diabétique

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S273-S283
Author(s):  
Z. Mami-Soualem ◽  
N. Brixi ◽  
C. Beghdad ◽  
M. Belarbi
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Stress Oxydant ◽  
Habitudes Alimentaires ◽  
Diabète Sucré ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Vitamine C ◽  
Fibres Alimentaires ◽  
Peroxydation Lipidique ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Le changement des habitudes alimentaires au cours de ces dernières années a abouti à l’apparition des maladies dites de civilisation, parmi elles le diabète sucré. Des approches diétothérapeutiques privilégient la consommation des produits céréaliers sous la forme la plus complète possible. Ce travail a pour but de tester l’efficacité des régimes expérimentaux préparés à base des grains complets des deux céréales, le sorgho (Sorghum bicolor L.) et le seigle (Secale cereale L.), sur la correction de l’hyperglycémie et des marqueurs du stress oxydant associés au diabète chez le rat mâle Wistar. Les résultats montrent que les rats diabétiques, soumis au régime seigle pendant quatre semaines, présentent une diminution significative de la glycémie qui atteint les 53,95 % à la fin de l’expérimentation, ce qui fait que leur taux en glycémie se rapproche de celui des normoglycémiques. Le sorgho blanc présente, d’une part, une diminution significative de la peroxydation lipidique intracellulaire et, d’autre part, une augmentation de l’activité de la glutathion peroxydase, la glutathion réductase ainsi que la vitamine C. Ces approches méthodologiques peuvent, en améliorant la connaissance de l’importance des céréales (fibres alimentaires solubles et des polyphénols) dans l’évolution du diabète, aboutir à des recommandations et à une éducation nutritionnelle du diabétique.

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