Telomere arrangement in differentiated interphase cells of Allium cepa: a function of chromosome arm lengths at anaphase–telophase

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 478-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharine P. Fussell
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Interphase Nucleus ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Interphase Cells ◽  
Chromosome Arm ◽  
Latitudinal Band

The arrangement of telomeres in eight types of differentiated Allium cepa L. interphase cells was studied to find whether the distribution pattern varies with differentiation as centromere distribution appears to in differentiated cells of mice and Triturus vulgaris L. The results show that telomere positions and groupings in A. cepa are essentially the same in differentiated and meristematic interphase nuclei; telomeres, which are roughly paired, are arranged in a telophase configuration along one side of the nucleus. Thus telomeres appear to maintain the same basic arrangement in differentiated and in meristematic cells. Comparison of chromosome arm lengths and interphase telomere positions suggests that interphase telomere arrangements are a function of chromosome arm lengths at the time the nuclear envelope forms. Such an arrangement would place homologous telomeres in the same latitudinal band of the interphase nucleus.

scholarly journals Influence of extract from shoots of Taxus baccata var. elegantissima on ultrastructure and tubulin cytoskeleton of meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. roots

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Majewska ◽  
Mirosława Furmanowa ◽  
Kazimierz Głowniak ◽  
Joanna Guzewska ◽  
Alicja Zobel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Preprophase Band ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Interphase Cells ◽  
Average Size

We investigated the influence of extract from <em>Taxus baccata</em> var. Elegantissima (TbE) shoots in 1:8 dilution, containing paclitaxel in concentration of 81,6 µg/g fresh mass on ultrastructure and tubulin cytoskeleton of meristematic cells of <em>Allium cepa</em> L. root tips. Incubation time 3, 6, 12 and 24 h was followed with postincubation in water for 12 and 24 h. During shorter incubation (till 12 h) the surface of the cell nuclei decreased and chromatin became condensed (in comparison to control) but after 24 h the average surface increased and chromatin condensation decreased. In the course of incubation the average size of plastids and vacuoles increased. Moreover, after treatment mitochondria and plastids showed degradation of ultrastructure, which was reversed after 12 h of postincubation. Immunocytochemical assays demonstrated that in the course of incubation in the ThE extract, the tubulin cytoskeleton became partially disorganised. In most interphase cells, cortical microtubules (MTs) lost their oval transverse orientation. The preprophase band (PPB) position in the cell was often asymmetrical. The MTs array of the karyokinetic spindle and phragmoplast was also disturbed. These alterations were completely reversed during postincubation.

scholarly journals PROPHASING OF INTERPHASE NUCLEI AND INDUCTION OF NUCLEAR ENVELOPES AROUND METAPHASE CHROMOSOMES IN HELA AND CHINESE HAMSTER HOMO- AND HETEROKARYONS

1974 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Obara ◽  
Lee S. Chai ◽  
Herbert Weinfeld ◽  
Avery A. Sandberg
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Interphase Nucleus ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Binucleate Cell ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Multinucleate Cells ◽  
Interphase Cells ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Formation

Fusing human HeLa metaphase cells with HeLa interphase cells resulted within 30 min in either of two phenomena in the resultant binucleate cell: either prophasing of the interphase nucleus or formation of a normal-appearing nuclear envelope around the metaphase chromosomes. The frequency of either occurrence was strongly dependent on environmental pH. At pH's of 6.6–8.0, prophasing predominated; at pH 8.5 nuclear envelope formation predominated. Additionally, the frequencies of the two events in multinucleate cells depended on the metaphase/interphase ratio. When the ratio was 0.33 nuclear envelope formation predominated; when it was 2.0 prophasing predominated. In their general features, the results with fused HeLa cells resembled those reported earlier with fused Chinese hamster Don cells. However, the results provided an indication that between pH 6.6 and 8.0 the HeLa metaphase cells possessed a much greater capacity than the Don metaphase cells to induce prophasing. Fusion of Don metaphase cells with HeLa interphase cells or of Don interphase cells with HeLa metaphase cells at pH 8.0 resulted in nuclear envelope formation or prophasing in each kind of heterokaryon. As in the homokaryons, the frequencies of the two events in the heterokaryons depended on the metaphase/interphase ratio. The statistics of prophasing and nuclear envelope formation in the homo- and heterokaryon populations were consistent with the notion that disruption or formation of the nuclear envelope depends on the balance attained between disruptive and formative processes.

scholarly journals Antiproliferative effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae) on the meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. roots

Biotemas ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Layana Menezes da Silva ◽  
Ana Paula Peron ◽  
Francisco Ronielson da Silva Carvalho ◽  
Livia Martins ◽  
Iana Felício Bantim Calou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Antiproliferative Effect ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Allium Cepa L

The analysis of 40 kDa nuclear protein, p40, in interphase cells and mitotic cells

1993 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kaneda ◽  
K. Kinoshita ◽  
M. Sato ◽  
K. Tanaka ◽  
Y. Kaneda
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Nuclear Protein ◽  
Dnase I ◽  
High Salt ◽  
The Other ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Interphase Cells ◽  
Detergent Treatment ◽  
Sequential Treatments

We previously reported that the monoclonal antibody M108 recognized a 40 kDa protein both in the nucleus and the cytoplasm. This nuclear 40 kDa antigen was located in the nuclear envelope in interphase cells and in the perichromosomal region during mitosis. Now, we have analyzed this nuclear 40 kDa protein (p40) further, through morphological and biochemical approaches. At the beginning of mitosis, the perinuclear p40 detached from the nuclear envelope and moved to surround the condensing chromatin, while in the late stage of mitosis, the perichromosomal p40 moved back to the reassembled nuclear envelope. Most of the perichromosomal p40 on the metaphase chromosome was solubilized only by DNase I treatment, not by either high salt or detergent treatment. On the other hand, the perinuclear p40 was not solubilized by DNase1 alone, or high salt detergent alone. Sequential treatments with DNase I and high salt detergent were required to extract p40 in interphase nuclei. These results suggest that p40 was associated both with the nuclear envelope and chromatin DNA in interphase nuclei, while it bound only to chromatin DNA in mitosis.

Comparison of the Effects of He:Neon and Nd:YAG Laser Radiation on Mitotic Activity of Meristematic Cells of Allium cepa L. Bulbs

1990 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fiol de Cuneo ◽  
S. Rubiales de Barioglio ◽  
G. Stutz ◽  
H. Juri ◽  
J. L. Lacuara
Keyword(s):  
Laser Radiation ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Allium Cepa L

Effects of anthocyanin-rich extract from red cabbage leaves on meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. roots treated with heavy metals

2007 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sława Glińska ◽  
Magdalena Bartczak ◽  
Sylwia Oleksiak ◽  
Aneta Wolska ◽  
Barbara Gabara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Red Cabbage ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Allium Cepa L
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