CELL KINETICS AND RADIOSENSITIVITY OF HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES STIMULATED BY PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININ, WISTARIA FLORIBUNDA OR LENTIL LECTIN

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 761-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Deknudt
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Cell Kinetics ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Mitogenic Activity ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Lentil Lectin

The cell kinetics and the radiosensitivities of human lymphocytes (four donors) exposed to 200 rads of X-rays and stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), Wistaria floribunda (WFA) or Lens culinaris (LcH-A) extracts have been compared after cultivation times from 42 up to 54 h. All these mitogens are considered activating primarily T lymphocytes. PHA is a tetrameric molecule, whereas WFA as well as LcH-A are dimeric structures having only two reactive sites. PHA displays a higher mitogenic activity than WFA, while LcH-A is much less active than PHA and WFA. After 42 h of culturing, only metaphases of the first mitosis are found, irrespective of the mitogen used. With increasing cultivation times, however, differences in the cell kinetics have been observed for the different mitogens. Furthermore, no differences in radiosensitivity of lymphocytes stimulated by these mitogens were observed when cells are analyzed exclusively in their first mitosis.

RELATION BETWEEN CELL CYCLE AND YIELD OF ABERRATIONS OBSERVED IN IRRADIATED HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES

1979 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Leonard ◽  
G. Decat
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Kinetics ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Mitotic Division ◽  
Fixation Time ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Mitotic Delay ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
Ionizing Radiations ◽  
Pha Stimulation

The bromodeoxyuridine-Giemsa technique has been used to study systematically the incidence of cells in first or subsequent mitoses at different fixation times of human lymphocyte control cultures as well as the influence of ionizing radiations on cell kinetics. Second divisions appear (3%) in cultures harvested 48 h after initiation. In 72 h cultures 40% of the dividing cells are in second and 33% in third division. Administration of 200 rads of X-rays before PHA stimulation results in a mitotic delay but does not increase the incidence of SCE. The yield of dicentrics after an exposure to 200 rads was the same for all cells in first mitosis regardless of fixation time. These results demonstrate that there is no evidence for the existence of sensitive subpopulations that could be distinguished by the time of the first mitotic division following stimulation.

Factors Influencing the Reaction of α1-Fetoprotein with Concanavalin A and Lens Culinaris Agglutinin in Crossed Affinoimmunoelectrophoresis

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1418-1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Magne ◽  
N Seta ◽  
D Lebrun ◽  
G Durand ◽  
D Durand
Keyword(s):  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Con A ◽  
Cellular Origin ◽  
Lens Culinaris Agglutinin ◽  
Lentil Lectin ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Minimal Quantity ◽  
Antibody Ratio

Abstract Concanavalin A (Con A) and lentil lectin (LCA) analysis of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) glycosylation heterogeneity is used in a variety of clinical situations. We studied the influence of analytical conditions on the separation of AFP glycoforms by using lectin-crossed affinoimmunoelectrophoresis, regardless of the AFP concentration, which can vary over a wide range in biological fluids. We defined the optimal concentration of Con A (2 g/L) and LCA (0.35 g/L) in the first-dimension gel, together with the optimum antigen (AFP)/antibody ratio in the second-dimension gel. The presence of protein in the diluent used for AFP samples was found to change the shape of crossed affinoimmunoelectrophoresis patterns without changing the percentage composition of AFP fractions. The within-run CV was less than 4% for both lectins, and the between-run CV was less than 6.3%. The minimal quantity of AFP that provided a visible pattern with both lectins was 4 ng, corresponding to 50 microL of an 80 micrograms/L AFP sample. These technical conditions allow the cellular origin of AFP to be determined, regardless of the concentration in the sample. Typical AFP lectin patterns of secreting tumors are compared with fetal and cord serum AFP.

Chromosomal Aberrations in Human Lymphocytes Inducedin Vitroby Very Low Doses of X-rays

1992 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Lloyd ◽  
A.A. Edwards ◽  
A. Leonard ◽  
G.L. Deknudt ◽  
L. Verschaeve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
X Rays

Cytogenetic Damage of Human Lymphocytes in Humanized Mice Exposed to Neutrons and X Rays 24 h After Exposure

2021 ◽  
Vol 161 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 352-361
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Younghyun Lee ◽  
Monica Pujol-Canadell ◽  
Jay R. Perrier ◽  
Lubomir Smilenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Humanized Mouse Model ◽  
Significant Difference

Detonation of an improvised nuclear device highlights the need to understand the risk of mixed radiation exposure as prompt radiation exposure could produce significant neutron and gamma exposures. Although the neutron component may be a relatively small percentage of the total absorbed dose, the large relative biological effectiveness (RBE) can induce larger biological DNA damage and cell killing. The objective of this study was to use a hematopoietically humanized mouse model to measure chromosomal DNA damage in human lymphocytes 24 h after in vivo exposure to neutrons (0.3 Gy) and X rays (1 Gy). The human dicentric and cytokinesis-block micronucleus assays were performed to measure chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes in vivo from the blood and spleen, respectively. The mBAND assay based on fluorescent in situ hybridization labeling was used to detect neutron-induced chromosome 1 inversions in the blood lymphocytes of the neutron-irradiated mice. Cytogenetics endpoints, dicentrics and micronuclei showed that there was no significant difference in yields between the 2 irradiation types at the doses tested, indicating that neutron-induced chromosomal DNA damage in vivo was more biologically effective (RBE ∼3.3) compared to X rays. The mBAND assay, which is considered a specific biomarker of high-LET neutron exposure, confirmed the presence of clustered DNA damage in the neutron-irradiated mice but not in the X-irradiated mice, 24 h after exposure.

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