CHROMOSOME BANDING HOMOLOGIES OF A TANDEM FUSION IN RIVER, SWAMP, AND CROSSBRED BUFFALOES (BUBALUS BUBALIS)

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 667-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Bongso ◽  
M. Hilmi
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Chromosome 9 ◽  
Chromosome 4 ◽  
Centromere Region ◽  
Hybrid Female ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Tandem Fusion ◽  
Y Chromosomes

The chromosomes of the Murrah (River), Swamp (Malaysian kerbau), F1 hybrid (Murrah × Swamp) and first generation backcross (F1 hybrid female × Murrah male) buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis L.) were studied using Giemsa (G) and centromeric (C) banding techniques. The diploid chromosome number for the Murrah was 2n = 50, Swamp 2n = 48, F1 hybrid 2n = 49 and two backcross animals had 2n = 49 and 2n = 50, respectively. The largest two metacentric chromosomes of the Swamp resulted from a tandem fusion between the two chromosomes 4p and 9, respectively, of the Murrah karyotype. The F1 hybrid (2n = 49) and one of the backcrosses (2n = 49) had karyotypes intermediate to the Murrah and Swamp parents. The C banding patterns were useful in identifying the X and Y chromosomes of the buffalo and demonstrated that a major portion of the centromere region of chromosome 9 was not incorporated into chromosome 4 during the tandem fusion.

Variability of C-banding patterns in Japanese quail chromosomes

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 993-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. de la Seña ◽  
N. S. Fechheimer ◽  
K. E. Nestor
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Centromeric Region ◽  
Terminal Region ◽  
Z Chromosome ◽  
W Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome 4 ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Chromosome Markers ◽  
C Banding

Observations were made of the C-banding patterns in several cells from 182 Japanese quail embryos to detect presence of stable variants. Each of the eight largest autosomes contains a C-band at the centromeric region. The short arm of autosome 8 is C-band positive, as is the entire W chromosome. The Z chromosome consistently contains an interstitial C-band in the long arm and a less prominent one in the short arm. Distinct variants of chromosome 4 and the Z chromosome were observed. In the Z chromosome a C-band at the terminal region of the short arm was markedly elongated in some embryos. Likewise, the short arm of chromosome 4 was much more prominent in one or both of the homologues in some embryos. Most of the microchromosomes contain a prominent C-band. The heteromorphisms are useful chromosome markers to detect the origins of heteroploidy in early embryos.Key words: C-band variants, Japanese quail, Coturnix.

scholarly journals Traits that influence longevity in mice: a second look.

Genetics ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-239
Author(s):  
K B Dear ◽  
M Salazar ◽  
A L Watson ◽  
R S Gelman ◽  
R Bronson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Genetic Interactions ◽  
Chromosome 9 ◽  
Chromosome 4 ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Genotype ◽  
Dominant Black

Abstract Analysis of genetic interactions in the F2 of an intercross of (C57BL/6 x DBA/2) F1J revealed influences of genetic factors on life span. Females lived longer than males. Dilute brown females died sooner than females of other colors. H-2b/H-2b males died sooner than H-2b/H-2d or H-2d/H-2d males, except that among dilute brown males those of typeH-2b/H-2d died sooner. Cluster analysis suggested that male and female genotypes each fall into two groups, with female dilute brown mice having shorter lives than other females, and male H-2b/H-2b mice except dilute brown and dilute brown H-2b/H-2d mice having shorter lives than other males. The association of heterozygosity with life span was clearer in females than in males, yet the longest-lived female genotype was homozygous H-2d/H-2d, of dominant Black phenotype at the Brown locus of chromosome 4, and homozygous dd at the Dilute locus of chromosome 9. The shortest-lived females were dilute brown H-2b/H-2b. The longest-lived and shortest-lived male genotypes were dilute brown H-2d/H-2d and dilute brown H-2b/H-2d, respectively. Although histological findings at postmortem differed between the sexes, there was no association of particular disorders with other genetic markers. The importance of H-2 in males was confirmed, but the allelic effects were perturbed, possibly by the absence of Sendai infection in this experiment. Overall our studies suggest that genetic influences on life span involve interactions between loci, and allelic interactions may change with viral infections or other environmental factors.

Rye C-banding patterns and meiotic stability of hexaploid triticale (× Triticosecale) selections differing in kernel shriveling

Genome ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 686-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles M. Papa ◽  
R. Morris ◽  
J. W. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Chromosome Banding ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Hexaploid Triticale ◽  
Kernel Development ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Meiotic Stability ◽  
Metaphase I

Two winter hexaploid triticale populations derived from the same cross were selected on the basis of grain appearance and agronomic performance. The five lines from 84LT402 showed more kernel shriveling than the four lines from 84LT401. The derived lines were analyzed for aneuploid frequencies, rye chromosome banding patterns, and meiotic stability to detect associations with kernel development. The aneuploid frequencies were 16% in 84LT401 and 18% in 84LT402. C-banding showed that both selection groups had all the rye chromosomes except 2R. The two groups had similar telomeric patterns but differed in the long-arm interstitial patterns of 4R and 5R. Compared with lines from 84LT402, those from 84LT401 had significantly fewer univalents and rod bivalents, and more paired arms at metaphase I; fewer laggards and bridges at anaphase I; and a higher frequency of normal tetrads. There were no significant differences among lines within each group for any meiotic character. Since there were no differences within or between groups in telomeric banding patterns, the differences in kernel shriveling and meiotic stability might be due to genotypic factors and (or) differences in the interstitial patterns of 4R and 5R. By selecting plump grains, lines with improved kernel characteristics along with improved meiotic stability are obtainable.Key words: triticale, meiotic stability, C-banding, Secale cereale, heterochromatin.

Cytological identification of some trisomics of Russian wildrye (Psathyrostachys juncea)

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1271-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Zhi Wei ◽  
W. F. Campbell ◽  
G. J. Scoles ◽  
A. E. Slinkard ◽  
R. Ruey-Chyi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Cereal Crop ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Psathyrostachys Juncea ◽  
Double Deletion ◽  
Russian Wildrye

Russian wildrye, Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski (2n = 2x = 14; NsNs), is an important forage grass and a potential source of germplasm for cereal crop improvement. Because of genetic heterogeneity as a result of its self-incompatibility, it is difficult to identify trisomics of this diploid species based on morphological characters alone. Putative trisomies (2n = 2x + 1 = 15), derived from open pollination of a triploid plant by pollen grains of diploid plants, were characterized by Giemsa C-banding. Based on both karyotypic criteria and C-banding patterns, four of the seven possible primary trisomics, a double-deletion trisomic, and two tertiary trisomics were identified.Key words: Russian wildrye, Psathyrostachys juncea, trisomic, C-banding, karyotype.

Giemsa C-banded karyotypes of Hordeum marinum and H. murinum

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ib Linde-Laursen ◽  
Roland von Bothmer ◽  
Niels Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Morphology ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Pattern Polymorphism ◽  
Hordeum Species

Giemsa C-banding patterns of the predominantly self-pollinating, annual species Hordeum marinum (2x, 4x) and H. murinum (2x, 4x, 6x) showed mostly very small to small bands at centromeric and telomeric positions, at one or both sides of the nucleolar constrictions, and at intercalary positions with no preferential disposition. A similar distribution of bands has been observed in other Hordeum species, suggesting that the pattern is the basic one in the genus Hordeum. Hordeum murinum, especially the hexaploid cytotype, was distinguished from H. marinum by having more numerous and more conspicuous bands, resulting in a significantly higher percentage of constitutive heterochromatin (9–17 vs. 4–8%). The differences in C-banding patterns supported by differences in chromosome morphology confirm that H. marinum and H. murinum are not closely related. Banding-pattern polymorphism was prevalent among populations but unobserved within populations. In spite of this polymorphism, banding patterns in combination with chromosome morphology identified homologous chromosomes of different populations of a taxon and indicated that the chromosome complements of the polyploids of both species comprised the genome of the related diploid as well as one or two "unidentified" genomes. This agrees with an alloploid origin of polyploids. The C-banding patterns of H. marinum ssp. marinum and H. marinum ssp. gussoneanum (2x) showed some divergence in spite of the close relationship. The C-banded karyotypes of H. murinum ssp. murinum and H. murinum ssp. leporinum (4x) were very similar, supporting conspecificity. Chromosome lengths and longest/shortest chromosome ratios were fairly similar to those previously published, supporting the conclusion that linear relationships of chromosomes are normally stable within genomes. The taxonomy of the two species is discussed.Key words: C-banding, karyotypes, Hordeum.

Pattern of X-Y chromosome pairing in the Taiwan vole, Microtus kikuchii

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Mekada ◽  
M Harada ◽  
L K Lin ◽  
K Koyasu ◽  
P M Borodin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptonemal Complex ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Meiotic Prophase ◽  
Organizer Region ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Region ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Y Chromosomes

Pairing of X and Y chromosomes at meiotic prophase and the G- and C-banding patterns and nucleolar organizer region (NOR) distribution were analyzed in Microtus kikuchii. M. kikuchii is closely related to M. oeconomus and M. montebelli, karyologically and systematically. The formation of a synaptonemal complex between the X and Y chromosomes at pachytene and end-to-end association at diakinesis – metaphase I are only observed in three species in the genus Microtus; M. kikuchii, M. oeconomus, and M. montebelli. All the other species that have been studied so far have had asynaptic X–Y chromosomes. These data confirm that M. kikuchii, M. oeconomus, and M. montebelli are very closely related, and support the separation of asynaptic and synaptic groups on the phylogenetic tree.Key words: Microtus kikuchii, Microtus phylogeny, karyotype, synaptic sex chromosomes, synaptonemal complex.

C-banding patterns and phenotypic characteristics in individuals ofSapajus(Primates: Platyrrhini) and its application to management in captivity

Caryologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-320
Author(s):  
Diego Mattos Penedo ◽  
Jorge Luís Azevedo de Armada ◽  
José Francisco Santos da Silva ◽  
Daniel Marchesi Neves ◽  
Alcides Pissinatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
C Banding ◽  
In Captivity

Chromosome C-banding patterns in Spanish Acridoidea

Genetica ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Santos ◽  
P. Arana ◽  
R. Gir�ldez
Keyword(s):  
Banding Patterns ◽  
C Banding

scholarly journals Purification of the chromosomes of the Indian muntjac by flow sorting.

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 348-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
A V Carrano ◽  
J W Gray ◽  
D H Moore ◽  
J L Minkler ◽  
B H Mayall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Fraction ◽  
Centromere Region ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Indian Muntjac ◽  
Flow Sorting ◽  
Flow Microfluorometry ◽  
Mechanical Shearing ◽  
High Degree

Metaphase chromosomes were isolated from a male Indian muntjac cell line, were stained with ethidium bromide and were analyzed by flow microfluorometry to establish a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based karyotype. Five major peaks were evident on the chromosomal DNA distribution corresponding to the five chromosome types in this species. The amount of DNA in each chromosome was confirmed by cytophotometric measurements of intact metaphase spreads. The five chromosome types were separated by flow sorting at rates up to several hundred chromosomes per second. The sorted chromosomes were identified by morphology and by Giemsa banding patterns. The automsomes, Numbers 1, 2 and 3, and the X + 3 composite chromosome were separated with a high degree of purity (90%). The centromere region of the X + 3 chromosome was fragile to mechanical shearing, and during isolation a small proportion of these chromosomes broke into four segiments: the long arm, the short arm, the short arm plus centromere and the centromere region. A large fraction of the constitutive heterochromatin of this species is present in the centromere region of the X + 3 chromosome and in the Y chromosome; these two regions possess similar amounts of DNA and therefore sort together. Chromosome flow sorting is rapid, reproducible and precise; it allows the collection of microgram quantities of purified chromosomes.

Intergeneric hybridization and C-banding patterns inHordelymus (Triticeae, Poaceae)

1994 ◽  
Vol 189 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland von Bothmer ◽  
Bao-Rong Lu ◽  
Ib Linde-Laursen
Keyword(s):  
Intergeneric Hybridization ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
C Banding
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document