GENETICS OF GLOSSINA MORSITANS MORSITANS (DIPTERA: GLOSSINIDAE). VI. MULTILOCUS COMPARISON OF THREE LABORATORY POPULATIONS

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding ◽  
B. M. Rolseth
Keyword(s):  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Aldehyde Oxidase ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
Laboratory Populations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Three strains (Kariba, Handeni, and ocra) of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood were examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to determine the extent of genetic similarity among the strains. Males were examined for 11 thoracic enzymes, one testicular enzyme, and one midgut enzyme. Tetrazolium oxidase, manganese stimulated malate dehydrogenase, an alpha-glycerophosophate deyhdrogenase, and testicular esterase were monomorphic. Variation was found in xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, octanol dehydrogenase, an alpha-glycerophosophate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, midgut alkaline phosphatase, two esterases, arginine phosphokinase, and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Loci for the latter two enzymes are on the X-chromosome; all others are on autosomes. Allele frequencies in the three strains indicated that the Kariba and ocra strains are more closely related to each other than either is to the Handeni strain. These genetic similarities are consistant with the geographic origins of the strains. The mean heterozygosity per locus was highest (16.7% and 16.0%) in the two strains (Kariba and ocra) which have the highest reproductive capacity under laboratory conditions, and lowest (7.3%) in the strain (Handeni) which has the lowest reproductive capacity.

GENETICS OF GLOSSINA MORSITANS MORSITANS (DIPTERA: GLOSSINIDAE): I. ELECTROPHORETIC BANDING PATTERNS OF XANTHINE OXIDASE AND ALDEHYDE OXIDASE

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (12) ◽  
pp. 1233-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.M. Rolseth ◽  
R.H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Aldehyde Oxidase ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Single Locus ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Laboratory Populations ◽  
University Of Bristol ◽  
The University

AbstractPolyacrylamide gel (6%) electrophoresis (at pH 8.2) of the thoraces of adult Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood revealed three xanthine oxidase (XO) phenotypes and six aldehyde oxidase (AO) phenotypes. Each enzyme was postulated to be under the control of a single locus, XO with two alleles and AO with three alleles. Gene frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for both loci in two laboratory populations. Breeding experiments provided direct evidence for single locus control of each enzyme. No significant differences in phenotype frequencies were observed between the colony maintained at the University of Alberta, Canada and the parent colony at the University of Bristol, England. A colony of highly inbred flies from the University of Bristol had only one phenotype of AO and of XO.

GENETICS OF GLOSSINA MORSITANS MORSITANS (DIPTERA: GLOSSINIDAE): IV. ELECTROPHORETIC BANDING PATTERNS OF OCTANOL DEHYDROGENASE AND ARGININE PHOSPHOKINASE

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (11) ◽  
pp. 1307-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.H. Gooding ◽  
B.M. Rolseth
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Aldehyde Oxidase ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Single Locus ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Octanol Dehydrogenase

AbstractPolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the thoraces of adult Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood revealed five octanol dehydrogenase (ODH, E.C. 1.1.1.73) phenotypes (and a sixth was predicted) in males and females, two arginine phosphokinase (APK, E.C. 2.7.3.3) phenotypes in males and three APK phenotypes in females. Each enzyme was postulated to be under the control of a single locus; Odh with three alleles on an autosome and Apk with two alleles on the X-chromosome. Allele frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in our colony, and breeding experiments provided direct evidence for single locus control of each enzyme. The polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technique described permits determination of banding patterns for xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, ODH, and APK from a single individual.

Genetics of Glossina morsitans morsitans (Diptera: Glossinidae). VII. Location of G6pd in linkage group I, and Alkph in linkage group II

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Linkage Group ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Aldehyde Oxidase ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

In Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood the locus for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, G6pd, was found to be in linkage group I, approximately 35 to 42 map units to the left of ocra, the locus for body color. The locus for midgut alkaline phosphatase, Alkph, was found to be in linkage group II, within 0.41 map units of the locus for xanthine oxidase, Xo. The distance from Xo to the locus for aldehyde oxidase, Ao, was confirmed to be about 42 map units. No evidence for genetical recombination was found in male G. m. morsitans.

GENETICS OF GLOSSINA MORSITANS MORSITANS (DIPTERA: GLOSSINIDAE): II. ELECTROPHORETIC BANDING PATTERNS OF MIDGUT ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (12) ◽  
pp. 1241-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding ◽  
B. M. Rolseth
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Single Locus ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Laboratory Populations ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Alkaline Phophatase

AbstractThe digestive section of the midgut of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood contains a phosphatase with a pH optimum of approximately 9.2 and with low substrate specificity; the enzyme was classified as an alkaline phosphatase (E.C. 3.1.3.1).Polyacrylamide gel (6%) electrophoresis (at pH 8.9) of the digestive portion of the midguts of adult G. morsitans morsitans revealed three alkaline phophatase phenotypes. Midgut phosphatase was postulated to be under control of a single locus (designated alkph) with two alleles. Gene frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in two laboratory populations while a third, highly inbred population had only one phenotype. Phenotype frequencies were not significantly different among females of various ages from the Edmonton colony. Breeding experiments provided direct evidence for single locus control of midgut phosphatase.

The responses of Glossina (Glossinidae) and other Diptera to odour plumes in the field

1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Vale
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Visual Target ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Wind Data ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Release Point ◽  
Acetone Vapour ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Odour Plumes

AbstractIn the Zambezi Valley of Zimbabwe, the numbers of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westw. and G. pallidipes Aust. electrocuted as they arrived near a visual target were increased five times by the release of a mixture of carbon dioxide and acetone vapour at the target. Catches declined to near the no-odour level as the odours were moved to release points 32–40 m upwind or downwind of the baits. This pattern of catches at the target changed when flies were trapped at the odour release points 4–40 m from the target, and changed when the odour was released at each of several points along the axis of the wind instead of at a single point. These changes suggest that the flies responded to a single-point release of the odours at distances of 30–60 m from the release point, that, when the flies arrived at the upwind end of a plume and discovered no visual bait, they flew upwind for a few metres and returned downwind for about 8 m and that the flies navigated effectively up a composite plume made by 2–33 separate release points, 1–8 m apart, along a line up to 30° from the mean direction of the wind. Data for Muscidae are also presented.

Genetics of Glossina morsitans morsitans (Diptera: Glossinidae). XIII. Mapping the locus for tetrazolium oxidase in linkage group I and refinement of the linkage group II map

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 885-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding ◽  
B. M. Rolseth ◽  
S. A. Tarimo
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Aldehyde Oxidase ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

The locus for tetrazolium oxidase, To, is mapped at 4.3 ± 1.3 recombination units from the locus for arginine phosphokinase, Apk, in linkage group I, and the distance between the eye color locus, sal, and Apk is confirmed to be about 39.5 ± 3.2 recombination units. In linkage group II the loci for aldehyde oxidase, Ao, and for two esterases are arranged in the order Ao Est-1 Est-2 with 3.5 ± 1.2 recombination units separating Ao and Est-1 and 8.3 ± 1.8 recombination units separating Est-1 and Est-2.Key words: Glossina morsitans, tetrazolium oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, esterases, linkage maps.

GENETICS OF GLOSSINA MORSITANS MORSITANS (DIPTERA: GLOSSINIDAE). V. DEFINITION AND PRELIMINARY MAPPING OF LINKAGE GROUPS I AND II

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Aldehyde Oxidase ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Group I ◽  
Octanol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Differential Part

Linkage group I is defined as the loci on the differential part of the X-chromosome of adult Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood. Three loci are known and their order on the X-chromosome has been demonstrated as ocra (body color), salmon (eye color), and Apk (arginine phosphokinase, E.C. 2.7.3.3) with 38 map units separating the first two loci and 32 to 41 separating the second two. This region of the X-chromosome does not contain the chromosomal inversion known to occur in the Handeni line of G. m. morsitans. Linkage group II is defined as the autosome carrying the locus Xo (xanthine oxidase, E.C. 1.2.3.2), and it is demonstrated to carry also the loci Ao (aldehyde oxidase, E.C. 1.2.3.1) and Odh (octanol dehydrogenase, E.C. 1.1.1.73). Ao and Odh are within 0.36 map units of each other and have not been separated by recombination; this pair of loci occur about 48 map units from Xo. During mapping experiments, no evidence for genetical recombination was found in male G. m. morsitans.

Involvement of the X chromosome in fertility of male and female hybrids of Glossina morsitans morsitans and Glossina morsitans centralis (Diptera: Glossinidae)

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 869-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
The Other ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Intrachromosomal Recombination ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Centralis ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

In hybrid females of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and Glossina morsitans centralis Machado that carried four well-separated marker genes, suppression of intrachromosomal recombination occurred between the loci for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6pd) and arginine phosphokinase (Apk) on the X chromosome. Fertility of backcross females was not influenced by whether they mated with G. m. morsitans or G. m. centralis, but it was higher in females that received both of their X chromosomes from G. m. morsitans than it was in females that received one X chromosome from G. m. morsitans and the other from G. m. centralis.

Genetic variability and segregation analysis in Glossina morsitans morsitans (Diptera: Glossinidae) using DNA fingerprinting

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Blanchetot ◽  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Segregation Analysis ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Tsetse Fly ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Band Frequency ◽  
The Mean

DNA hybridization, using the M13 sequence as a probe, was used to analyze the genetic variability in four inbred lines of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood. An average of 11.2 bands (ranging from 2 to 10 kb) were found per fly. An average of nine loci were detected in each line; 40% of the loci were polymorphic and the mean heterozygosity per locus varied from 0.098 to 0.29. Averaging the data across the four inbred lines, the band sharing estimates were 82.5% in males and 81.2% in females, and the mean band frequency estimates were 0.71 and 0.70 for males and females, respectively. Segregation of fragments, determined in "three generation" pedigrees, conformed to expected Mendelian ratios and two of seven fragments studied were linked to an X chromosome marker gene, ocra (body color).Key words: Glossina morsitans morsitans, DNA hybridization, genetic variability, segregation analysis.

Seasonal elimination of some size classes in males of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westw. (Diptera, Glossinidae)

1974 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Phelps ◽  
G. P. Y. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Field Population ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Size Classes ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Standard Deviations

AbstractSizes of young field-collected males of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westw. were compared with those of teneral males emerging in the laboratory from field-collected puparia. Based on the mean size, indications were that smaller flies in field populations were selected against for about seven months in the year. A method is described for estimating the proportion of flies lost in the field population, and for the calculation of standard deviations for the estimates. Estimates of the extent of elimination showed that up to 35·2% of the total fly population in the field was eliminated in the cool months and up to 75·5% in the hot dry months.

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