SOMATIC INSTABILITY IN THE BRAZILIAN SEMI-DWARF WHEAT IAS 54

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. dos Santos Guerra ◽  
M. Irene B. De Moraes Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Chromosome Behavior ◽  
Ring Chromosomes ◽  
Dwarf Wheat ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Chromatid Exchanges ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Root Tip Cells

The mitotic chromosome behavior of the Brazilian semi-dwarf wheat cultivar IAS 54 (Triticum aestivum L. em Tell) is described. In root tip cells dicentrics, fragments, isochromosomes, a satellite tandemly duplicated, chromatid exchanges, aneuploidy, ring chromosomes and breaks in almost all chromosomes of the complement were observed. Since anaphase cells that were not pretreated showed bridges, disorderly condensation and micronuclei, the possibility that pretreatment was responsible for the abnormalities was eliminated. Other possible genetic factors and virus infection as causal agents were discussed.

A RING CHROMOSOME IN AN F1 HYBRID BETWEEN WHEAT AND AGROPYRON

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1271-1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichiro Tsunewaki
Keyword(s):  
Ring Chromosome ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Ring Chromosomes ◽  
Differential Elimination ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Root Tip Cells ◽  
Mitotic Behavior

A plant having 41 normal rod-shaped chromosomes and a ring chromosome was found among hexaploid.F1 hybrids from a wheat–Agropyron cross. Cytological investigations were carried out to determine the mitotic behavior of this ring chromosome.The investigations revealed that most of the possible products of the breakage–fusion–bridge cycle known to occur in a ring chromosome were present in root tip cells. The fact that a rod-shaped chromosome is not derived from a ring chromosome in the cycle was confirmed, because no metaphase cells examined had 42 or more rod-shaped chromosomes.About 80% of the ring chromosomes were eliminated from the root tips of the seedling after 26 days. The size of the ring chromosome did not appear to influence the rate of elimination. The polyploid nature of the plant may account for the rapid, non-differential elimination of this chromosome.

Genotoxicity effects of silver nanoparticles on wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) root tip cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 76-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader R. Abdelsalam ◽  
Ahmed Abdel-Megeed ◽  
Hayssam M. Ali ◽  
Mohamed Z.M. Salem ◽  
Muwafaq F.A. Al-Hayali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Root Tip Cells

Cytogenetic characteristics of wheat plants regenerated from anther calli of 'Centurk'

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia T. Kudirka ◽  
Gideon W. Schaeffer ◽  
P. Stephen Baenziger
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Doubling ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Anther Wall ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Spontaneous Chromosome ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Root Tip Cells

Plants were recovered from 10 different calli derived through anther culture of Triticum aestivum L. em Thell (cv. 'Centurk'). Chromosome counts and estimates of ploidy level were made on cells from roots of these developing plants. Plants with polyhaploid cells were regenerated from all calli indicating that they were of microspore origin. Three populations of plants were recognized: first, those that were polyhaploid and euploid; second, those that were almost totally polyhaploid but aneuploid; and third, those plants which were largely hexaploid with some cells reflecting spontaneous chromosome doubling. Aneuploid cells with corresponding polyhaploid and hexaploid chromosome numbers in root-tip cells among plants regenerated from a number of calli were taken to indicate that these cells were doubled haploids and not hexaploid cells of the anther wall. Mixoploid plants were regenerated from secondary calli in which chromosome doubling was known to have been induced at the callus stage. The presence of individual mixoploid root tips in these plants was assumed to indicate that individual organs of a plant may arise from several cells of a callus.

Aluminum-induced ultraweak luminescence changes and sister-chromatid exchanges in root tip cells of barley

Plant Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 167 (6) ◽  
pp. 1391-1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Wei Pan ◽  
Ke Zheng ◽  
Dan Ye ◽  
Hui-Lan Yi ◽  
Zhi-Ming Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchanges ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Ultraweak Luminescence ◽  
Chromatid Exchanges ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Root Tip Cells

SPONTANEOUS CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS IN MELANDRIUM

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiran C. Choudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Aberrations ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Dicentric Chromosomes ◽  
Ring Chromosomes ◽  
Melandrium Album ◽  
Spontaneous Chromosome ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Root Tip Cells

Chromosome aberrations were observed in root tip cells of Melandrium album. These aberrations were generally in the form of dicentric chromosomes involving bridge formation, ring chromosomes, fragments and elimination of acentric fragments from daughter nuclei. All the aberrations varied from 19.6 to 10.7 per cent in the first and second generation seedlings respectively. The chromosome irregularities and abortion of pollen grains (4.0 to 5.0%) are presumably due to gene mutation which has been enhanced in aged seeds.

scholarly journals THE MECHANISM OF SOMATIC ASSOCIATION IN COMMON WHEAT, TRITICUM AESTIVUM L. IV. FURTHER EVIDENCE FOR MODIFICATION OF SPINDLE TUBULIN THROUGH THE SOMATIC-ASSOCIATION GENES AS MEASURED BY VINBLASTINE BINDING

Genetics ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-385
Author(s):  
Lydia Avivi ◽  
Moshe Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Single Site ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Binding Ability ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Root Tip Cells

ABSTRACT Treatment with the antitubulin vinblastine was found to disrupt the spindle system in dividing root-tip cells of common wheat, Triticum aestivum L. Genotypes lacking the somatic association suppressor gene on 5BL, or containing the somatic-association promoter on 5BS, were found to be more sensitive to the treatment. In genetic lines carrying the somatic association suppressor, sensitivity to vinblastine was lower and there was a direct correlation between dosage of the suppressor gene (0, 2, and 4) and the decrease in spindle disruption on exposure to various concentrations of vinblastine. It is concluded that the somatic association genes affect binding ability of spindle tubulin to vinblastine. Since the same genes affect binding of colchicine to tubulin and since the two alkaloids attach to different sites it is assumed that the somatic association suppressor gene has a broad effect on the tubulin molecules which is not confined to a single site. The relevance of genetic control of antitubulin binding to somatic association is discussed.

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