GENETIC ANALYSIS OF SEED SIZE IN PIGEON PEA CAJANUS CAJAN

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-548
Author(s):  
D. Sharma ◽  
Laxman Singh ◽  
S. S. Baghel ◽  
H. K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability

Diallel analysis for seed size on 10 varieties of pigeon pea or arhar Cajanus cajan L. Millsp., representing different maturity groups and wide range of variability in seed size, was conducted to determine genetic parameters. The D and H1 components indicated a predominance of additive gene effects and the degree of dominance was in the partial dominance range. Seed size was simply inherited with a high heritability value of 0.82. The scatter of parental arrays in a Wr, Vr graph suggested that the genes controlling smaller seed size were dominant over the genes controlling larger seed size. The analysis indicated the possibility of improving seed size by simple selection procedures.

DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF LEAF CHARACTERISTICS IN INDIAN MUSTARD

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-689
Author(s):  
Shree Pal Singh ◽  
Dharampal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Complete Diallel Cross ◽  
Additive Gene

A complete diallel cross involving four experimental strains and six standard cultivars of Indian mustard. Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. and Coss., was investigated for the inheritance of leaf length and leaf width. Considerable heterosis and heterobeltiosis were found in certain hybrid combinations for both characters. Several crosses exceeded the performance of the best cultivar. Partial dominance for leaf length and overdominance for leaf width were observed. Highly significant additive gene effects were found for both characters bur only about one third of the total variance exhibited by leaf length and about one sixth of that by leaf width may be ascribed to this component. The correlation between the two characters was positive. It was concluded that breeding programs should put more emphasis on leaf length rather than leaf width for effective manipulations of leaf size.

Estimates of variation and heritability of some quantitative and quality characters in Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum (Desf.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
S. Sharma ◽  
Y. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability

The results obtained for the parental, F 1 and F 2 generations of a 10 × 10 diallel set (excluding reciprocals) of durum wheat revealed that there were significant differences between all the hundred genotypes for all the characters. The genotypes represented a wide range of expression for almost all the characters. High estimates of GCV (genetic coefficient of variation) were observed for the number of effective tillers, grain yield per plant, harvest index and 1000-grain weight. The low values of GCV recorded for days to heading, grain protein content and plant height indicated their limited scope for improvement. High heritability (h 2 ) values ranging from 92.27% (grain yield/plant) to 99.00% (protein content) were observed for all the characters. The highest expected GA (genetic advance) as a percentage of the mean was manifested for harvest index, followed by plant height, number of effective tillers per plant and grain yield per plant. These traits also possessed high estimates of heritability, indicating that most of the variation in these characters was due to additive gene effects. For protein content high heritability was observed with low genetic gain, indicating non-additive gene effects. Thus, a systematic approach based on selection for harvest index, plant height and number of effective tillers per plant on the basis of high per se performance would be the most effective approach for improving the yield level of durum wheat. The wealth of variability available in the hybrid populations offers good prospects for its improvement in the near future.

DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF LEAF NUMBER AND DURATION TO MID-SILK IN MAIZE

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. N. A. Bonaparte
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Effective Factor ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

The diallel cross technique was used to study the mode of inheritance of leaf number and duration to mid-silk in six inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.). Leaf number showed partial dominance, and the additive gene effects accounted for a high proportion of the total variation. The narrow and broad heritabilities were both high. Leaf number was controlled by at least one effective factor. Both additive and dominance components were responsible for the expression of duration to mid-silk. The narrow and broad heritabilities were both high. Duration to mid-silk was controlled by at least four effective factors.

scholarly journals Diallel Analysis for Area, Chlorophyll and Temperature of Flag Leaf in Bread Wheat under Well Watered and Drought Stress Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Naheif E. Mohamed ◽  
Ismail M. Bedawy ◽  
Yasser A. M. Hefny
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Additive Gene

To study genetic analysis of some physiological traits of drought stress in wheat using diallel techniques, an experiment was performed on ten bread wheat genotypes as parents and their 45 F1 hybrids in a randomized complete block design with three replicates under well-watered and drought stress conditions at the Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Egypt during season of 2018/19. The results showed significant differences between the genotypes (G), Parents (P), F1 crosses, P vs. F1, GCA and SCA under well-watered and drought stress in the flag leaf area (FLA), flag leaf chlorophyll content (FLCC) and flag leaf temperature (FLT), except FLCC for F1 crosses exhibited insignificant differences. The significant differences were found in the interaction of SCA × Env., in all studied traits and GCA × Env., for FLT., indicating the involvement of both additive and dominance gene action in their inheritance. The most desirable heterotic effects were considered as the largest positive heterosis estimates for FLA and FLCC, and the lowest negative for FLT. The parent numbers P9, P8 and P3 were the best general combiner for FLA under normal irrigation and drought stress. While the parents P2, P7 and P9 were the best general combiner for FLCC, under normal irrigation and (P1, P2 and P3) under drought stress. Therefor the parents P1, P4 and P5 were the best general combiner for FLT under normal irrigation, also the P3, P4 and P5 were the best general combiner for FLT under drought stress conditions. Under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions as well as the combined data, the additive genetic components of variation (VA) in F1 ’s was much greater than dominance component (VD), as expressed by the (VA/VD) ratio which was more than unity for the FLA, and FLT under normal irrigation and their combined. This indicates that the additive gene effects in F1 crosses are more important than dominance and plays the major role in the inheritance of these studied traits.

scholarly journals Genetic variance of sunflower yield components - Heliantus annuus L.

Genetika ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Hladni ◽  
Dragan Skoric ◽  
Marija Kraljevic-Balalic
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Total Leaf ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

The main goals of sunflower breeding in Yugoslavia and abroad are increased seed yield and oil content per unit area and increased resistance to diseases, insects and stress conditions via an optimization of plant architecture. In order to determine the mode of inheritance, gene effects and correlations of total leaf number per plant, total leaf area and plant height, six genetically divergent inbred lines of sunflower were subjected to half diallel crosses. Significant differences in mean values of all the traits were found in the F1 and F2 generations. Additive gene effects were more important in the inheritance of total leaf number per plant and plant height, while in the case of total leaf area per plant the nonadditive ones were more important looking at all the combinations in the F1 and F2 generations. The average degree of dominance (Hi/D)1/2 was lower than one for total leaf number per plant and plant height, so the mode of inheritance was partial dominance, while with total leaf area the value was higher than one, indicating super dominance as the mode of inheritance. Significant positive correlation was found: between total leaf area per plant and total leaf number per plant (0.285*) and plant height (0.278*). The results of the study are of importance for further sunflower breeding work.

scholarly journals Diallel Analysis of Chilli Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Genotypes for Morphological and Fruit Biochemical Traits

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Aiswarya C. S. ◽  
Vijeth S ◽  
Sreelathakumary I ◽  
Prashant Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Chilli Pepper ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Additive Gene

Chilli pepper is commercially cultivated as a spice and is also used for the extraction of a colouring agent. Here, we performed a diallel genetic study involving five chilli pepper varieties. Parents and their hybrid were evaluated for fifteen morphological and five biochemical traits over two crop seasons under open field conditions. Variation was recorded for all of the studied traits. Similarly, significant values for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variance were obtained for all of the traits. The ratio of σ2 SCA/σ2 GCA indicates that non-additive gene effects were predominant for all the studied traits except for fruits plant−1. Based on SCA effects, cross combinations P2 × P5, and P4 × P5 were determined excellent for flesh thickness, yield components and vitamin C. These hybrids are recommended for multilocation testing to assess their suitability for commercial cultivation. Overall, this work presents useful information regarding the genetics of important morphological and biochemical traits in chilli pepper.

Analysis of gene effects governing yield and yield traits in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Singh ◽  
M. N. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Main Gene ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Pod Length

The six generations (P<sub>1</sub>, P<sub>2</sub>, F<sub>1</sub>, F<sub>2</sub>, BC<sub>1</sub> and BC<sub>2</sub>) of twelve cross combinations of pigeonpea (<italic>Cajanus cajan</italic> L.) were studied during 2003-2006 for days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, harvest index and seed yield per plant. The means of six generations were subjected to detect main gene effects and interactions. The estimates of six parameter model revealed that both additive and dominant gene effects were important in all the crosses for almost all the traits. However, the relative contribution of dominant gene effects was much higher than additive gene effects for plant height, pods per plant and seed yield per plant. Higher frequency of duplicate type of epistasis also confirms the prevalence of dominance gene effects for above traits except for seed yield per plant.

Variability, character association and path coefficient analysis of green pod yield and its related traits in pea (Pisum sativum L.)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keshav K. Gautam ◽  
M. M. Syamal ◽  
A. K. Singh ◽  
Nakul Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Character Association ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Number Of Branches

Genetic variability, character association and path coefficient studies were carried out for yield and yield contributing characters for twenty-four diverse genotype of pea. The results revealed a wide range of phenotypic variation, along with high heritability in pea. Highest pod yield per plant was recorded in VRP-229 followed by VRP-372 and VRP-305. The characters namely, plant height and weight of seeds per pod showed high magnitude, while number of pods per plant, number of branches per plant and pod yield per plant showed moderate magnitude for phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation. The heritability and genetic advance were high for days to first pod initiation, plant height and pod yield per plant indicating its additive gene action for their expression. Character association studies revealed that pod yield per plant exhibit positive and highly significant correlation with number of pods per plant, number of branches per plant and days to fifty percent flowering. The path coefficient studies also revealed that maximum positive direct effect was observed through number of pods per plant followed by days to first flowering, single pod weight and pod length towards yield indicated that these characters may be considered as the most reliable selection indices while making selection for high yielding genotypes.

INHERITANCE OF PERICARP THICKNESS IN SHORT SEASON MAIZE INBREDS

1975 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Ho ◽  
L. W. Kannenberg ◽  
R. B. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Epistasis Analysis ◽  
Graphic Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Short Season ◽  
High Level ◽  
Pericarp Thickness

Pericarp thickness of 16 short-season inbred lines of corn (Zea mays L.) ranged from 35 to 126 μm with an overall mean of 82 ± 5 μm. The mode of inheritance of this trait was studied in two experiments. Two inbreds representing the extremes of pericarp thickness, their F1 and F2 generations, and both first generation backcrosses were included in Experiment 1. The inheritance of pericarp thickness proved to be quantitative in nature. All gene effects were significant, but epistatic effects, particularly dominance × dominance, were the largest in this particular cross. This could have resulted from bias due to linkage disequilibrium. Experiment 2 was a diallel set of 5 inbreds to include the parents and all possible single crosses, but not reciprocals. Diallel graphic analysis of these data indicated partial dominance for thin pericarp with minimal epistasis. Analysis II of Gardner and Eberhart showed that the mean square for line effects was several times larger than the heterosis estimates, indicating a high level of additive gene effects. The narrow sense heritability estimate was 72%. Thus selection for specific pericarp thickness should be effective and relatively rapid.

scholarly journals DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF ROUGH BLOSSOM-END SCARRING IN TOMATO

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1172e-1172
Author(s):  
J. H. M. Barten ◽  
J. W. Scott ◽  
J. Elkind ◽  
N. Kedar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Half Diallel

A half diallel including 11 parents was conducted under high temp. conditions in Florida and low temp. conditions in Israel. Blossom scar (BS) size was measured relative to the fruit size for 20 mature fruits per plot. Griffing's analysis showed that both GCA and SCA effects were highly significant at both locations (p< 0.0001). Analysis according to Hayman indicated no epistatic effects. In both environments, additive and dominant gene action was significant (p < 0.0005), although the additive gene effects were most important. Averaged over all loci, the incomplete dominance was in the direction of small BS. Narrow sense heritability estimates were 0.62 and 0.57 for Florida and Israel, respectively. Combined analysis showed that the genetic system was unstable over the 2 environments, as both additive and dominant gene effects interacted significantly with environment (p < 0.0001). The implication for breeding programs is that hybrid performance should be tested at several locations to insure stability of small BS.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document