QUANTITATIVE GENETIC NATURE OF VEGETATIVE GROWTH IN ALFALFA

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Singh ◽  
K. Lesins
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Quantitative Genetic ◽  
Diallel Crossing ◽  
Nonallelic Interactions

Seven selected clones of cultivated alfalfa, superior in forage yield, were used in the complete diallel crossing system. The crosses were made after complete emasculation of the flowers and the progenies, single planted in the field, were studied for vegetative growth at various stages for 3 years. The data was subjected to Griffing's (1956) method of diallel cross analysis and it was noted that though the general and specific combining ability variances for all these traits were significant, the genetic factors responsible for the specific combining ability, namely allelic and nonallelic interactions, were more prominent. This could be due to the fact that the material was subjected to several selection cycles for high yield. Similar conclusions were also derived from the heritability studies for growth during the year of establishment (1968), growth in spring and fall, and total vegetative yield in 1969 and 1970. In the light of the above genetic estimates, it may be proposed that additional gain in vegetative growth might be obtained by using these clones in the hybrid combinations.

Combining ability in Glycine javanica

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG Wutoh ◽  
WM Hutton ◽  
AJ Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Maturity Date ◽  
Stolon Length ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Stolon Development

A diallel cross of five accessions was used to estimate general and specific combining ability for nine traits in Glycine javanica L. Variation due to both general and specific combining ability was highly significant but the general combining ability component of variance was larger than the specific combining ability component for flowering time, maturity date, and seed weight. For yield, stolon length, stolon number, and percentage of stolons rooted the specific combining ability component was the larger. The cultivar Tinaroo had a high general combining ability and a low specific combining ability for most traits associated with forage yield and should be a valuable parent in future breeding programmes. Negative genetic correlations between yield and some traits associated with stolon development indicate that it may not be possible to produce a variety with all desirable characters from a breeding programme based on the five accessions used.

scholarly journals General and Specific Combining Ability in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) for Seed Yield and Related Traits

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
S. H. Prakash ◽  
Tapash Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Additive Gene

Combining ability study on seed yield per plant from a 7x 7 half-diallel cross of sesame over two years showed that both general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) variances important for controlling the traits. Thus, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the gene action and select appropriate parents/crosses using combining ability analysis. Both additive and non additive was of greater significance for seed yield per plant, capsules per plant, days to flowering and oil content. Non additive genetic variances were in the genetic for 1000 seed weight and branches per plant. On the contrary preponderance of additive genetic was found in the inheritance of capsule length and seeds per capsule. The relative magnitude non-additive year interaction was larger than additive x year interaction. The variety Suprava was the best general combiner for seed yield and its major components except oil content. The cross combinations Suprava x Savitri, Suprava x JLT 408 and EC 90 x Savitri would be the best choices for obtaining desirable recombinants. Suprava x Savitri having additive gene control emerged as the best specific combiner for yield and its components except oil content. For improving seed yield and oil content simultaneously, the specific combiner IC 59 x Savitri was identified to be ideal as this cross mostly controlled by additive gene action and hence desirable recombinants can be obtained in early segregating generation. Breeding strategy for different crosses has been discussed in details. The information could help sesame breeders for appropriate selection of parents with high yield potential and oil content to develop future hybridization programs.

Effect of the number of parents and their combining ability on the performance of synthetic varieties in tall fescue

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Piano ◽  
P. Annicchiarico ◽  
M. Romani ◽  
L. Pecetti
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Temperature Pattern ◽  
Synthetic Varieties ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Yield Responses

Finding the optimal parent number for synthetic varieties has a crucial importance in forage breeding. The objective of this work was exploring this number for Mediterranean tall fescue selected for forage yield. The general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability of parents, and their effects on the performance and the inbreeding depression of synthetics, were also assessed. The full-sib families from the diallel cross of 20 genotypes chosen from well performing populations were evaluated for fresh biomass over 13 harvests in Sanluri (Sardinia, Italy). The Syn 1 and Syn 2 of 15 synthetics varying in parent number (4, 8, 12, 16 or 20) and, within same number, in mean GCA of parents were evaluated for dry matter yield over 11 harvests in Lodi (northern Italy) in a greenhouse simulating the temperature pattern of a Mediterranean environment. The yield responses of Syn 2 synthetics with 2 to 20 parents with highest mean GCA were predicted from yield values of S1 and F1 progenies, also evaluated in Lodi. The variance of GCA effects was almost 2-fold larger than that of SCA effects. The observed vigour loss from Syn 1 to Syn 2 of the 4-parent synthetics (−6%) tended to be greater than those of higher parent number groups. The 4-parent synthetics with larger SCA effects tended to greater inbreeding depression. The comparison among synthetics with different parent number and highest GCA of their parents indicated the superiority of the 4-parent synthetic over any other in both generations (P < 0.05). The predicted yield response was maximised by the 3-parent synthetic. The results and other considerations suggest adoption of 4- to 6-parent synthetics.

HETEROSIS, COMBINING ABILITY, AND PREDICTED SYNTHETICS FROM A DIALLEL CROSS IN SUNFLOWERS (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.)

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Putt
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Seed Characters ◽  
Mature Weight

Heterosis occurred for the eight plant and seed characters studied. It was most frequent for yield of seed and height of plant. Mean squares for general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) were significant (P =.01) for all characters. The estimated components for gca were greater than for sca for days to mature, weight per bushel, and percent oil in the seed; less for height and yield of seed; and essentially the same for days to bloom, diameter of head, and weight per 1000 seeds.The yield of seed and percent oil in the seed, for the highest ranking 100 synthetics that could be composed from the 10 lines, was predicted in F6 assuming 50 and 60% outcrossing between F2 and F6. Virtually all values exceeded the mean performance of four check samples of commercial hybrids. Many exceeded the highest rank check for oil content in the seed. Fourteen of the highest ranking 100 synthetics for yield and 30 for oil content consisted of two or three lines. It was concluded that synthetics can be superior to the present hybrids in heterosis and that desirable synthetics can be made from only a few lines.

GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMBINING ABILITY IN SEVEN INBRED STRAWBERRY LINES

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis E. Aalders ◽  
Donald L. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Additive Genetic Variation

Seedlings of a diallel cross of seven strawberry inbreds omitting reciprocals were fruited in matted rows. Per acre fruit yields were comparable with leading cultivars, but berry appearance and quality of the hybrids were poor. Differences in resistance to powdery mildew reflected the values of the cultivars from which the inbreds were derived.All four characters studied showed significant general combining ability values, and three of the four showed significant specific combining ability values. These results are consistent with previous findings of considerable amounts of non-additive genetic variation in the strawberry.

scholarly journals Daya Gabung dan Heterobeltiosis Karakter Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Beberapa Galur Backcross Cabai Merah Toleran CMV pada Kondisi Terinokulasi

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 292
Author(s):  
Catur Herison ◽  
Rustikawati , ◽  
Dan Merakati Handajaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Hybrid Variety

<p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT<br /><br /></em></strong><em>Information on combining ability and heterosis are desirable to determine the best parents in chili pepper hybrid variety development. To estimate general and specific combining abilities and  heterobeltiosis of backcross lines selected for CMV tolerance, eight selected lines were crossed to three CMV tolerant lines in a Line x Tester method and the crosses were evaluated in a CMV inoculated condition. The results showed that general and specific combining abilities varied tremendously among crosses and traits. Generally, specific combining ability (sca) variances were higher than general combining ability (gca) variance indicating that interaction of non-aditive predominance the inheritance of traits under study. Amongs lines evaluated, there was no a general combiner line for vegetative growth. However, lines S1B3A-29-13-47 and S1B3B-12-13-2 were the best general combiner for a breeding program to improve total number of fruits and fruit weight per plant, respectively. Crosses of S1B3C-16-22-34 x C1042, S1B3B-49-40-6 x C1043, and S1B3C-34-18-9 x C1042 were consedered the most prospective crosses as indicated by high value of sca, i.e., 130.53, 102.01 and 61.93, with heterobeltiosis estimate of 146.06, 26.05 and 24.31, respectively.</em><em><br /><br />Keywords: capsicum annuum, heterobeltiosis, GCA, SCA <br /></em><em><br /></em><strong><em><br /></em></strong></p><em></em><em></em>

scholarly journals The combining ability of poltava meat and welsh pigs breed combination

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 270-273
Author(s):  
O. M. Tsereniuk ◽  
O. V. Akimov ◽  
O. I. Chalyi ◽  
Yu. V. Chereuta
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Diallel Crossing ◽  
Reciprocal Crossing ◽  
Positive Effect

Aim. Poltava Meat and Welsh pigs breed reciprocal crossing combination ability study. Methods. The combination ability evaluation method, the method of incomplete diallel crossing. The traditional methods of pigs general and specific combining ability effects estimation. Results. The Rosinka family sows were characterized by positive values of general combining ability, except the prolificacy rate. The Bystra family sows by the multiple pregnancy and milk production indexes had positive values of general combining ability, but by a nest weight at a birth and weaning – negative. For the Vorskla family sows the positive indexes of general combining ability were identified for a nest weight at a birth only, for the rest indexes – the negative value of general combining ability were installed. The Rosinka family sows had the positive value of specific combining ability for all maternal productivity indxes. The Bystra family sows were characterized by positive value of specific combining ability only for a nest weight at a birth and milk production indexes. The Vorskla family sows by the all maternal productivity indexes had negative specific combining values. Conclusions. For complex reproductive ability indexes for various lines and families combinations the highest positive effect of specific combining values was obtained for Rosinka family sows combinations of Poltava meat breed with the Welsh breed boars. Keywords: pigs, Welsh breed, Poltava Meat breed, reproductive ability, combining ability.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document