INCOMPLETE SYNCHRONY OF LABELLING IN HOMOLOGUES OF THE AUTOSOMAL PAIRS

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 927-933
Author(s):  
K. Y. Jan ◽  
J. W. Boyes
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Labelling Index ◽  
Brain Cells ◽  
Larval Brain ◽  
The Third

The 10 autosomes of Musca domestica L. ocra strain are somatically paired and each pair is cytologically recognizable. Thymidine-methyl-H3 incorporation into the third instar larval brain cells and subsequent autoradiography revealed that the co-labelling index for the two homologues of a pair appears to be correlated to some extent with the labelling rate for that particular pair. The homologues are often but not always labelled at the same time, even when all the autosomal pairs have a high labelling rate. Thus, there does not seem to be strict synchrony of DNA replication for the two homologues of a pair.

DIFFERENTIAL DNA REPLICATION IN THE XX AND XY CELLS OF MUSCA DOMESTICA L. OCRA STRAIN

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Y. Jan ◽  
J. W. Boyes
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Final Part ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Y Chromosomes ◽  
Heteromorphic Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Autosomal Pair ◽  
Differential Dna Replication

The karyotype of Musca domestica L. ocra strain, consists of the sex chromosomes and five autosomal pairs. The heteromorphic sex chromosomes are heterochromatic and mitotically unpaired, whereas the autosomes are euchromatic and mitotically paired. All autosomal pairs and both X and Y chromosomes are cytologically recognizable.The relative labelling rate, R (in terms of the number of grains counted per 100 labelled metaphases per μ of chromosome length) for the sex chromosomes and for each autosomal pair was followed from 1.5 hours to 8 hours after H3TdR injection. The pattern of labelling rate was similar for the different autosomal pairs in the XX cells but this pattern for the autosomal pairs in the XY cells, though also similar for the different pairs, differed appreciably from that found in the XX cells. The pattern of the labelling rate for the X chromosomes was similar in the XX and XY cells. Also the pattern of labelling rate for the X and Y chromosomes was similar during the final part of the replication period. The two X chromosomes in the XX cells and the X and Y chromosomes in the XY cells completed labelling later than the autosomes.

scholarly journals The Drosophila ACE3 chorion element autonomously induces amplification.

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 2444-2453 ◽  
Author(s):  
J L Carminati ◽  
C G Johnston ◽  
T L Orr-Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
P Element ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Control Element ◽  
The Third ◽  
Transposon Insertion ◽  
Multiple Copies ◽  
Flanking Sequences

The Drosophila chorion genes amplify in the follicle cells by repeated rounds of reinitiation of DNA replication. ACE3 (amplification control element from the third chromosome) has been identified by a series of deletion experiments as an important control element for amplification of the third-chromosome chorion cluster. Several elements that quantitatively enhance amplification also have been defined. We show that a single 440-bp ACE3 sequence is sufficient to regulate amplification with proper developmental specificity autonomously from other chorion DNA sequences and regulatory elements. Although ACE3 is sufficient for amplification, the levels of amplification are low even when ACE3 is present in multiple copies. When controlled solely by ACE3, amplification initiates either at ACE3 or within closely linked sequences. Amplification of an ACE3 transposon insertion produces a gradient of amplified DNA that extends into flanking sequences approximately the same distance as does the amplification gradient at the endogenous chorion locus. The profile and extent of the amplified gradient imply that the low levels of amplification observed are the result of limited rounds of initiation of DNA replication. Transposon inserts containing multiple copies of ACE3 in a tandem, head-to-tail array are maintained stably in the chromosome. However, mobilization of the P-element transposons containing ACE3 multimers results in deletions within the array at a high frequency.

scholarly journals The Effects of Zanzalacht on the Gonotrophic cycle of the Adult House fly Musca Domestica

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radwan E H ◽  
Youssef N S ◽  
Hashem H O ◽  
Shalaby A M
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
House Fly ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Gonotrophic Cycle ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
The Third ◽  
Different Doses

Melia azedarach extract were applied by feeding the adult female flies on diets mixed with the extracts at different doses. The concentrations of Melia azedarach utilized were 1.8, 2.4 and 3.6%. The gonotrophic cycles of length of 90, 753, 67.6 and 84, 72, 68 hours were obtained after feeding at age 24 hours with diet mixed with doses of 1.8, 2.4 and 3.6% fruit extract; respectively. 98 & 96 hours were the length of gonotrophic cycle in the control groups. The length of 86.7, 72.3, 57.3 and 89.3, 75, 61 hours were obtained after feeding adults at age 48 hours with diets mixed with different doses of fruit extract of the same plant 97.3 and 98.7 hours were the length of the control groups. Proportions of the egg hatching reached 69, 55.3, 49 and 72.9, 64.2, 52 in groups of eggs obtained from 24 hours adults feeding with diets mixed with doses of 1.8, 2.4 and 3.6% fruit extract; respectively. Also 68.7, 53.3,48 5 and 81 2, 70, 56.3 were the proportions of egg hatching obtained from groups at age 48 hours after feeding with diets mixed with the same doses. 85, 77.6, 62.2 and 92.6, 88.9, 84.9 were the proportions of the egg hatching obtained from groups feeding with diets mixed with doses of 1.8, 2.4 and 3.6% fruit extract of Melia azedarach; respectively. The pupae showed larval-pupal intermediates which failed to complete the pupal period and died after emerging from the third larval instar.

scholarly journals Haloferax volcanii —a model archaeon for studying DNA replication and repair

Open Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 200293
Author(s):  
Patricia Pérez-Arnaiz ◽  
Ambika Dattani ◽  
Victoria Smith ◽  
Thorsten Allers
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Haloferax Volcanii ◽  
Cellular Biology ◽  
Phenotypic Screening ◽  
The Third ◽  
Dna Replication And Repair ◽  
Repair Pathways ◽  
Halophilic Species ◽  
The Relationship

The tree of life shows the relationship between all organisms based on their common ancestry. Until 1977, it comprised two major branches: prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Work by Carl Woese and other microbiologists led to the recategorization of prokaryotes and the proposal of three primary domains: Eukarya, Bacteria and Archaea. Microbiological, genetic and biochemical techniques were then needed to study the third domain of life. Haloferax volcanii , a halophilic species belonging to the phylum Euryarchaeota, has provided many useful tools to study Archaea, including easy culturing methods, genetic manipulation and phenotypic screening. This review will focus on DNA replication and DNA repair pathways in H. volcanii , how this work has advanced our knowledge of archaeal cellular biology, and how it may deepen our understanding of bacterial and eukaryotic processes.

scholarly journals Effects of caffeine on mitotic index in Drosophila prosaltans (Diptera)

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Massumi Itoyama ◽  
Hermione Elly Melara de Campos Bicudo ◽  
José Antônio Cordeiro
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Brain Cells ◽  
Larval Brain ◽  
And Control

The effect of two concentrations of caffeine (1500 <FONT FACE="Symbol">m</FONT>g/ml and 2500 <FONT FACE="Symbol">m</FONT>g/ml) on mitotic indices of Drosophila prosaltans was analyzed in larval brain cells. Although the differences detected between treated and control cells were not significant, the percentages obtained suggest a possible effect of caffeine in slowing the process of cell division

The Breeding Media of some common Flies

1936 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Thomsen ◽  
Ole Hammer
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
House Fly ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
Stomoxys Calcitrans ◽  
Stable Fly ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common House

When studying the biology of the house-fly or any other fly annoying to man and domestic animals with a view to practical control, it is obvious that a correct knowledge of the breeding-places of the species is perhaps the most important problem which the investigator has to solve. As to the common house-fly (Musca domestica, L.) it is generally held that this problem has been completely cleared up by several workers years ago, but recent observations in Denmark have convinced the writers that this is not the case. We have arrived at conclusions regarding the chief breeding-places of the house-fly differing from those generally found in text-books.Our work has not been limited to Musca domestica, for we have as far as possible studied the breeding-places of other flies occurring in houses or connected with domestic animals, first and foremost the stable-fly (Stomoxys calcitrans, L.). The knowledge of the biology of the stable-fly in Europe is surprisingly meagre, though the practical interest of this species as a tormentor of cattle and horses and a possible vector of infectious diseases is generally recognised.As our observations may be of some interest to workers in other countries we have collected them in this paper, which constitutes the third of a series containing the main results of our investigations into the fly problem started under the auspices of the Health Organisation of the League of Nations and the Danish Committee of Rural Hygiene and with the support of the Danish Ministry of Agriculture and several private funds.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the pharmacological effect of Hyptis suaveolens (L) Poit (Lamiaceae) on the third larval stage (L3) of Cochliomyia hominivorax and Musca domestica)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raylson Pereira de Oliveira ◽  
Jeane Gomes de Matos ◽  
Cosme Nogueira da Silva ◽  
João Sammy Nery de Souza ◽  
Nair Silva Cavalcanti de Lira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Pharmacological Effect ◽  
Cochliomyia Hominivorax ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hyptis Suaveolens

scholarly journals Effects of eucalyptol on house fly (Diptera: Muscidae) and blow fly (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kabkaew L. Sukontason ◽  
Noppawan Boonchu ◽  
Kom Sukontason ◽  
Wej Choochote
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
House Fly ◽  
Blow Fly ◽  
Paper Test ◽  
Chrysomya Megacephala ◽  
The Third ◽  
Insecticidal Efficacy

The effects of eucalyptol were evaluated against the house fly, Musca domestica L., and blow fly, Chrysomya megacephala (F.). The bioassay of adults, using topical application, indicated that M. domestica males were more susceptible than females, with the LD50 being 118 and 177 µg/fly, respectively. A higher LD50 of C. megacephala was obtained; 197 µg/fly for males and 221 µg/fly for females. Living flies of both species yielded a shorter life span after being treated with eucalyptol. The bioassay of larvae, using the dipping method on the third instar, showed that M. domestica was more susceptible than C. megacephala, with their LC50 being 101 and 642 µg/µl, respectively. The emergence of adults, which had been treated with eucalyptol in larvae, decreased only in M. domestica. Having the volatile property, fumigation or impregnated paper test of eucalyptol or the efficacy of repellence or attractiveness merits further investigations to enhance bio-insecticidal efficacy.

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