An assessment of chromosomal rearrangements in neopolyploids of Lilium hybrids

Genome ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songlin Xie ◽  
Nadeem Khan ◽  
M. S. Ramanna ◽  
Lixin Niu ◽  
Agnieszka Marasek-Ciolakowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Doubling ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
2N Gametes ◽  
Backcross Progeny ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Meiotic Chromosomes

Two types of newly induced polyploids (neopolyploids) of Lilium hybrids were monitored for the occurrence of chromosomal rearrangements through genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) technique. One of the populations was obtained through crossing an allotriploid Longiflorum × Oriental hybrid (LLO) with an allotetraploid Longiflorum × Trumpet hybrid (LLTT), both of which were derived from somatic chromosome doubling. The other type of allopolyploid population was derived from meiotic chromosome doubling in which numerically unreduced (2n) gametes from two different interspecific hybrids, namely, Longiflorum × Asiatic (LA) and Oriental × Asiatic (OA), were used to get backcross progeny with the Asiatic parents. GISH clearly discriminated the three constituent genomes (L, T, and O) in the complements of the progeny obtained from mitotic chromosome doubling. A total of 26 individuals were analyzed from this population and there was no evidence of chromosomal rearrangements. However, in the case of meiotically doubled allopolyploid progeny, considerable frequencies of chromosomal rearrangements were observed through GISH. The so-called chromosomal rearrangements in meiotic polyploids are the result of homoeologous recombination rather than translocations. Furthermore, evidence for the occurrence of meiotic recombination in the LA hybrids has been confirmed with GISH on meiotic chromosomes. Thus, there was evidence that neopolyploids of Lilium hybrids did not possess any noticeable chromosome rearrangements.

scholarly journals Oligo-painting and GISH reveal meiotic chromosome biases and increased meiotic stability in synthetic allotetraploid Cucumis ×hytivus with dysploid parental karyotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinzheng Zhao ◽  
Yunzhu Wang ◽  
Yunfei Bi ◽  
Yufei Zhai ◽  
Xiaqing Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybridization ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Chromosome Doubling ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Meiotic Behavior ◽  
Cytological Evidence ◽  
Meiotic Stability ◽  
Inbred Family

Abstract Background Meiosis of newly formed allopolyploids frequently encounter perturbations induced by the merging of divergent and hybridizable genomes. However, to date, the meiotic properties of allopolyploids with dysploid parental karyotypes have not been studied in detail. The allotetraploid Cucumis ×hytivus (HHCC, 2n = 38) was obtained from interspecific hybridization between C. sativus (CC, 2n = 14) and C. hystrix (HH, 2n = 24) followed by chromosome doubling. The results of this study thus offer an excellent opportunity to explore the meiotic properties of allopolyploids with dysploid parental karyotypes. Results In this report, we describe the meiotic properties of five chromosomes (C5, C7, H1, H9 and H10) and two genomes in interspecific hybrids and C. ×hytivus (the 4th and 14th inbred family) through oligo-painting and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). We show that 1) only two translocations carrying C5-oligo signals were detected on the chromosomes C2 and C4 of one 14th individual by the karyotyping of eight 4th and 36 14th plants based on C5- and C7-oligo painting, and possible cytological evidence was observed in meiosis of the 4th generation; 2) individual chromosome have biases for homoeologous pairing and univalent formation in F1 hybrids and allotetraploids; 3) extensive H-chromosome autosyndetic pairings (e.g., H-H, 25.5% PMCs) were observed in interspecific F1 hybrid, whereas no C-chromosome autosyndetic pairings were observed (e.g. C-C); 4) the meiotic properties of two subgenomes have significant biases in allotetraploids: H-subgenome exhibits higher univalent and chromosome lagging frequencies than C-subgenome; and 5) increased meiotic stability in the S14 generation compared with the S4 generation, including synchronous meiosis behavior, reduced incidents of univalent and chromosome lagging. Conclusions These results suggest that the meiotic behavior of two subgenomes has dramatic biases in response to interspecific hybridization and allopolyploidization, and the meiotic behavior harmony of subgenomes is a key subject of meiosis evolution in C. ×hytivus. This study helps to elucidate the meiotic properties and evolution of nascent allopolyploids with the dysploid parental karyotypes.

Genomic in situ hybridization analysis of a trigenomic hybrid involving Solanum and Lycopersicon species

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
S N Haider Ali ◽  
Dirk Jan Huigen ◽  
M S Ramanna ◽  
Evert Jacobsen ◽  
Richard GF Visser
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Doubling ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Potato Genome ◽  
Meiotic Chromosomes ◽  
Lycopersicon Species ◽  
Bridge Species ◽  
Genomic Probes ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosomes

A 4x potato (+) tomato fusion hybrid (2n = 4x = 48) was successfully backcrossed with a diploid Lycopersicon pennellii (2n = 2x = 24). Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) on somatic and meiotic chromosomes confirmed that the progenies were triploids (2n = 3x = 36) and possessed three different genomes: potato, tomato, and L. pennellii. Therefore, they have been called trigenomic hybrids. Total genomic probes of both Lycopersicon species were found to hybridize mutually, whereas the potato genome was clearly differentiated. During metaphase I, bivalents were formed predominantly between tomato and L. pennellii chromosomes and the univalents of potato chromosomes were most common. Trivalents in all cases included homoeologous chromosomes of potato, tomato, and L. pennellii. However, the triploids were totally sterile as determined from extensive crossing. On chromosome doubling of triploids by shoot regeneration from callus, hexaploids (2n = 6x = 72) were obtained. Despite exhibiting clear allohexaploid behaviour by forming 36 bivalents at meiosis, these were also completely sterile like their triploid counterparts. In spite of this drawback, the prospects of chromosome pairing between potato L. pennellii and Solanum genomes does open the possibilities for bringing the two genera close.Key words: trigenomic triploids, GISH, bridge species, potato (+) tomato fusion hybrids.

Genomic in situ hybridization in Brassica amphidiploids and interspecific hybrids

1997 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 1320-1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Snowdon ◽  
W. Köhler ◽  
W. Friedt ◽  
A. Köhler
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization

Meiotic chromosome pairing in intergeneric hybrids of colchicaceous ornamentals revealed by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH)

Euphytica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 200 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomonari Kishimoto ◽  
Miki Yamakawa ◽  
Daisuke Nakazawa ◽  
Junji Amano ◽  
Sachiko Kuwayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrids ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome Pairing

Genomic in situ hybridization in plants with small genomes is feasible and elucidates the chromosomal parentage in interspecific Arabidopsis hybrids

Genome ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 954-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoda B.M Ali ◽  
Martin A Lysak ◽  
Ingo Schubert
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Meiotic Chromosomes ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Synthetic Hybrids ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Arabidopsis Suecica ◽  
Allotetraploid Species

Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) is a useful tool to analyse natural polyploids, hybrid plants, and their backcross progenies as to their origin, genomic composition, and intergenomic rearrangements. However, in angiosperms with very small genomes (<0.6 pg/1 C), often only heterochromatic regions were found to be labeled. We have modified the GISH technique to label entire mitotic and meiotic chromosomes of Arabidopsis thaliana (2n = 10) and closely related species with very small genomes by using high concentrations of DNA (7.5–15 µg per probe per slide) or 5 µg of probe and long hybridization times (>60 h). According to our GISH data, Cardaminopsis carpatica (2n = 16) is most likely the diploid ancestor of the autotetraploid Arabidopsis arenosa (2n = 32). Furthermore, within the allotetraploid species Arabidopsis suecica (2n = 26), it was possible to elucidate the origin of chromosomes contributed by the parental species A. thaliana and A. arenosa for a specimen with 2n = 26 or a deviating chromosome number.Key words: genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), Arabidopsis, Brassicaceae, allopolyploids, synthetic hybrids.

Intergenomic recombination in F1 lily hybrids (Lilium) and its significance for genetic variation in the BC1 progenies as revealed by GISH and FISH

Genome ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 884-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Barba-Gonzalez ◽  
M S Ramanna ◽  
R G.F Visser ◽  
J M Van Tuyl
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
2N Gametes ◽  
Backcross Progeny ◽  
Unreduced Gametes ◽  
Normal Chromosome ◽  
Recombinant Chromosome ◽  
Intergenomic Recombination ◽  
A Genome

Intergenomic recombination was assessed in a BC1 population of Oriental (O) × Asiatic (A) lilies (Lilium) backcrossed to Asiatic parents. This population consisted of 38 plants generated from the 2n gametes from 2 genotypes (951502-1 and 952400-1) of the diploid F1, Oriental × Asiatic lilies (2n = 2x = 24) as parents. In the majority of BC1 plants, there was evidence that first division restitution, with and without crossovers, resulted in functional gametes. However, there were 5 BC1 plants in which 2n gametes originated from indeterminate meiotic restitution (IMR). Based on the number of recombinant chromosomes for a particular homoeologous pair, 3 types of plants were identified: (i) those with both the reciprocal product of a crossover (O/A, A/O, where O represents the centromere of the O genome and A the recombinant segment of Asiatic chromosome, and vice versa); (ii) those with 1 normal chromosome of the O genome and a recombinant chromosome (O, A/O); and (iii) those with 1 normal chromosome of the A genome and a recombinant chromosome (A, O/A). An important feature of A × OA backcross progeny is the occurrence of substitutions for the segment distal in the crossover wherever the recombinant chromosome O/A was present. In the case of IMR, the substitution occurred for both proximal and distal recombinant segments. The significance of these substitutions is that they offer the potential for the phenotypic expression of recessive genes in polyploids (i.e., nulliplex genotype).Key words: genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), unreduced gametes, allopolyploid.

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