Genomic in situ hybridization analysis of a trigenomic hybrid involving Solanum and Lycopersicon species

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
S N Haider Ali ◽  
Dirk Jan Huigen ◽  
M S Ramanna ◽  
Evert Jacobsen ◽  
Richard GF Visser
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Doubling ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Potato Genome ◽  
Meiotic Chromosomes ◽  
Lycopersicon Species ◽  
Bridge Species ◽  
Genomic Probes ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosomes

A 4x potato (+) tomato fusion hybrid (2n = 4x = 48) was successfully backcrossed with a diploid Lycopersicon pennellii (2n = 2x = 24). Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) on somatic and meiotic chromosomes confirmed that the progenies were triploids (2n = 3x = 36) and possessed three different genomes: potato, tomato, and L. pennellii. Therefore, they have been called trigenomic hybrids. Total genomic probes of both Lycopersicon species were found to hybridize mutually, whereas the potato genome was clearly differentiated. During metaphase I, bivalents were formed predominantly between tomato and L. pennellii chromosomes and the univalents of potato chromosomes were most common. Trivalents in all cases included homoeologous chromosomes of potato, tomato, and L. pennellii. However, the triploids were totally sterile as determined from extensive crossing. On chromosome doubling of triploids by shoot regeneration from callus, hexaploids (2n = 6x = 72) were obtained. Despite exhibiting clear allohexaploid behaviour by forming 36 bivalents at meiosis, these were also completely sterile like their triploid counterparts. In spite of this drawback, the prospects of chromosome pairing between potato L. pennellii and Solanum genomes does open the possibilities for bringing the two genera close.Key words: trigenomic triploids, GISH, bridge species, potato (+) tomato fusion hybrids.

Genomic in situ hybridization in plants with small genomes is feasible and elucidates the chromosomal parentage in interspecific Arabidopsis hybrids

Genome ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 954-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoda B.M Ali ◽  
Martin A Lysak ◽  
Ingo Schubert
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Meiotic Chromosomes ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Synthetic Hybrids ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Arabidopsis Suecica ◽  
Allotetraploid Species

Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) is a useful tool to analyse natural polyploids, hybrid plants, and their backcross progenies as to their origin, genomic composition, and intergenomic rearrangements. However, in angiosperms with very small genomes (<0.6 pg/1 C), often only heterochromatic regions were found to be labeled. We have modified the GISH technique to label entire mitotic and meiotic chromosomes of Arabidopsis thaliana (2n = 10) and closely related species with very small genomes by using high concentrations of DNA (7.5–15 µg per probe per slide) or 5 µg of probe and long hybridization times (>60 h). According to our GISH data, Cardaminopsis carpatica (2n = 16) is most likely the diploid ancestor of the autotetraploid Arabidopsis arenosa (2n = 32). Furthermore, within the allotetraploid species Arabidopsis suecica (2n = 26), it was possible to elucidate the origin of chromosomes contributed by the parental species A. thaliana and A. arenosa for a specimen with 2n = 26 or a deviating chromosome number.Key words: genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), Arabidopsis, Brassicaceae, allopolyploids, synthetic hybrids.

scholarly journals Mysterious meiotic behavior of autopolyploid and allopolyploid maize

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zafar Iqbal ◽  
Cheng MingJun ◽  
Yanli Zhao ◽  
Xiaodong Wen ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Stability ◽  
Meiotic Behavior ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
B Genome ◽  
Dual Color ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosomes

This study was aimed to investigate the stability of chromosomes during meiosis in autopolyploid and allopolyploid maize, as well as to determine an association of chromosomes between maize (Zeamaysssp.mays Linnaeus, 1753) and Z.perennis (Hitchcock, 1922) Reeves &amp; Mangelsdor, 1942, by producing a series of autopolyploid and allopolyploid maize hybrids. The intra-genomic and inter-genomic meiotic pairings in these polyploids were quantified and compared using dual-color genomic in-situ hybridization. The results demonstrated higher level of chromosome stability in allopolyploid maize during meiosis as compared to autopolyploid maize. In addition, the meiotic behavior of Z.perennis was relatively more stable as compared to the allopolyploid maize. Moreover, ten chromosomes of "A” subgenome in maize were homologous to twenty chromosomes of Z.perennis genome with a higher pairing frequency and little evolutionary differentiation. At the same time, little evolutionary differentiation has been shown by chromosomes of "A” subgenome in maize, while chromosomes of "B” subgenome, had a lower pairing frequency and higher evolutionary differentiation. Furthermore, 5IM + 5IIPP + 5IIIMPP and 5IIMM + 5IIPP + 5IVMMPP were observed in allotriploids and allotetraploids respectively, whereas homoeologous chromosomes were found between the "A” and "B” genome of maize and Z.perennis.

An assessment of chromosomal rearrangements in neopolyploids of Lilium hybrids

Genome ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songlin Xie ◽  
Nadeem Khan ◽  
M. S. Ramanna ◽  
Lixin Niu ◽  
Agnieszka Marasek-Ciolakowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Doubling ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
2N Gametes ◽  
Backcross Progeny ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Meiotic Chromosomes

Two types of newly induced polyploids (neopolyploids) of Lilium hybrids were monitored for the occurrence of chromosomal rearrangements through genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) technique. One of the populations was obtained through crossing an allotriploid Longiflorum × Oriental hybrid (LLO) with an allotetraploid Longiflorum × Trumpet hybrid (LLTT), both of which were derived from somatic chromosome doubling. The other type of allopolyploid population was derived from meiotic chromosome doubling in which numerically unreduced (2n) gametes from two different interspecific hybrids, namely, Longiflorum × Asiatic (LA) and Oriental × Asiatic (OA), were used to get backcross progeny with the Asiatic parents. GISH clearly discriminated the three constituent genomes (L, T, and O) in the complements of the progeny obtained from mitotic chromosome doubling. A total of 26 individuals were analyzed from this population and there was no evidence of chromosomal rearrangements. However, in the case of meiotically doubled allopolyploid progeny, considerable frequencies of chromosomal rearrangements were observed through GISH. The so-called chromosomal rearrangements in meiotic polyploids are the result of homoeologous recombination rather than translocations. Furthermore, evidence for the occurrence of meiotic recombination in the LA hybrids has been confirmed with GISH on meiotic chromosomes. Thus, there was evidence that neopolyploids of Lilium hybrids did not possess any noticeable chromosome rearrangements.

Pre-annealing of total genomic DNA probes for simultaneous genomic in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 814-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Anamthawat-Jónsson ◽  
S. M. Reader
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Dna Probes ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Meiotic Chromosomes ◽  
Cereal Species ◽  
Working Day

We used pre-annealing of differently labelled total genomic DNA probes to perform simultaneous genomic in situ hybridization on mitotic and meiotic chromosomes of interspecific hybrids between plant species of the Tribe Triticeae. The species origin of chromosomes was demonstrated by a two-colour fluorescence after in situ hybridization with directly labelled probes incorporating fluorescein (visualized green) and rhodamine (visualized red). The pre-annealing blocked out common DNA sequences between the different genomes, hence increasing species specificity of the probes. The method is simple and rapid because the hybridization takes only about 2 h, including the pre-annealing step, and hence the whole process can be accomplished easily within a working day making it suitable for routine analysis of chromosomes and genomes.Key words: pre-annealing, genomic in situ hybridization, total genomic DNA probe, cereal species.

Synthesis and cytological characterization of trigeneric hybrids of durum wheat with and without Ph1

Genome ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1173-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prem P Jauhar ◽  
M Doğramaci ◽  
T S Peterson
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Homoeologous Pairing ◽  
Alien Gene Transfer ◽  
Chromosome 5B ◽  
Alien Gene ◽  
Trigeneric Hybrids

Wild grasses in the tribe Triticeae, some in the primary or secondary gene pool of wheat, are excellent reservoirs of genes for superior agronomic traits, including resistance to various diseases. Thus, the diploid wheatgrasses Thinopyrum bessarabicum (Savul. and Rayss) Á. Löve (2n = 2x = 14; JJ genome) and Lophopyrum elongatum (Host) Á. Löve (2n = 2x = 14; EE genome) are important sources of genes for disease resistance, e.g., Fusarium head blight resistance that may be transferred to wheat. By crossing fertile amphidiploids (2n = 4x = 28; JJEE) developed from F1 hybrids of the 2 diploid species with appropriate genetic stocks of durum wheat, we synthesized trigeneric hybrids (2n = 4x = 28; ABJE) incorporating both the J and E genomes of the grass species with the durum genomes A and B. Trigeneric hybrids with and without the homoeologous-pairing suppressor gene, Ph1, were produced. In the absence of Ph1, the chances of genetic recombination between chromosomes of the 2 useful grass genomes (JE) and those of the durum genomes (AB) would be enhanced. Meiotic chromosome pairing was studied using both conventional staining and fluorescent genomic in situ hybridization (fl-GISH). As expected, the Ph1-intergeneric hybrids showed low chromosome pairing (23.86% of the complement), whereas the trigenerics with ph1b (49.49%) and those with their chromosome 5B replaced by 5D (49.09%) showed much higher pairing. The absence of Ph1 allowed pairing and, hence, genetic recombination between homoeologous chromosomes. Fl-GISH analysis afforded an excellent tool for studying the specificity of chromosome pairing: wheat with grass, wheat with wheat, or grass with grass. In the trigeneric hybrids that lacked chromosome 5B, and hence lacked the Ph1 gene, the wheat–grass pairing was elevated, i.e., 2.6 chiasmata per cell, a welcome feature from the breeding standpoint. Using Langdon 5D(5B) disomic substitution for making trigeneric hybrids should promote homoeologous pairing between durum and grass chromosomes and hence accelerate alien gene transfer into the durum genomes.Key words: alien gene transfer, chiasma (xma) frequency, chromosome pairing, fluorescent genomic in situ hybridization (fl-GISH), homoeologous-pairing regulator, specificity of chromosome pairing, wheatgrass.

Genome constitutions ofRoegneriaalashanica,R.elytrigioides,R.magnicaespesandR.grandis(Poaceae: Triticeae) via genomic in-situ hybridization

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Qing Yu ◽  
Chun Zhang ◽  
Chun-Bang Ding ◽  
Hai-Qin Zhang ◽  
Yong-Hong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization

Genomic in situ hybridization in Brassica amphidiploids and interspecific hybrids

1997 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 1320-1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Snowdon ◽  
W. Köhler ◽  
W. Friedt ◽  
A. Köhler
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization

Analysis of Oriental × Trumpet (OT) Lilium hybrids by genomic in situ hybridization based on ploidy level

2017 ◽  
pp. 253-258
Author(s):  
F. Ramzan ◽  
A. Younis ◽  
K.B. Lim ◽  
S.H. Bae ◽  
M.J. Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization

A novel genome of C and the first autotetraploid species in the Setaria genus identified by genomic in situ hybridization

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 843-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongqiang Wang ◽  
Hui Zhi ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Haiquan Li ◽  
Yongfang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization
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