An SSR genetic map of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench and its comparison to a published genetic map

Genome ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.Q. Wu ◽  
Yinghua Huang
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Common Marker ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench is an important grain and forage crop grown worldwide. We developed a simple sequence repeat (SSR) linkage map for sorghum using 352 publicly available SSR primer pairs and a population of 277 F2 individuals derived from a cross between the Westland A line and PI 550610. A total of 132 SSR loci appeared polymorphic in the mapping population, and 118 SSRs were mapped to 16 linkage groups. These mapped SSR loci were distributed throughout 10 chromosomes of sorghum, and spanned a distance of 997.5 cM. More important, 38 new SSR loci were added to the sorghum genetic map in this study. The mapping result also showed that chromosomes SBI-01, SBI-02, SBI-05, and SBI-06 each had 1 linkage group; the other 6 chromosomes were composed of 2 linkage groups each. Except for 5 closely linked marker flips and 1 locus (Sb6_34), the marker order of this map was collinear to a published sorghum map, and the genetic distances of common marker intervals were similar, with a difference ratio ≤ 0.05 between the 2 maps. The difference ratio is a new index developed in this study that can be used to compare the genetic distances of DNA markers between 2 maps. This SSR map carrying additional SSR markers will facilitate mapping quantitative trait loci to the sorghum genome and map-based gene cloning. Furthermore, the novel method for calculating distance between DNA markers will be a useful tool for the comparative analysis of genetic markers between linkage maps with different genetic backgrounds and the alignment of different sorghum genetic maps.

scholarly journals An enhanced molecular marker based genetic map of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) reveals comparative relationships with other Poaceae genomes

Genome ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth S Jones ◽  
Natalia L Mahoney ◽  
Michael D Hayward ◽  
Ian P Armstead ◽  
J Gilbert Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Linkage Map ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Genetic Linkage Map ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Integrated Genetic Map

A molecular-marker linkage map has been constructed for perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) using a one-way pseudo-testcross population based on the mating of a multiple heterozygous individual with a doubled haploid genotype. RFLP, AFLP, isoenzyme, and EST data from four collaborating laboratories within the International Lolium Genome Initiative were combined to produce an integrated genetic map containing 240 loci covering 811 cM on seven linkage groups. The map contained 124 codominant markers, of which 109 were heterologous anchor RFLP probes from wheat, barley, oat, and rice, allowing comparative relationships between perennial ryegrass and other Poaceae species to be inferred. The genetic maps of perennial ryegrass and the Triticeae cereals are highly conserved in terms of synteny and colinearity. This observation was supported by the general agreement of the syntenic relationships between perennial ryegrass, oat, and rice and those between the Triticeae and these species. A lower level of synteny and colinearity was observed between perennial ryegrass and oat compared with the Triticeae, despite the closer taxonomic affinity between these species. It is proposed that the linkage groups of perennial ryegrass be numbered in accordance with these syntenic relationships, to correspond to the homoeologous groups of the Triticeae cereals.Key words: Lolium perenne, genetic linkage map, RFLP, AFLP, conserved synteny.

A gene controlling sex in grapevines placed on a molecular marker-based genetic map

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Dalbó ◽  
G N Ye ◽  
N F Weeden ◽  
H Steinkellner ◽  
K M Sefc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Basic Number ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Map Distance

Genetic maps of Vitis (2n = 38) have been constructed from an interspecific hybrid population of 58 seedlings of the cross 'Horizon' ('Seyval' × 'Schuyler') × Illinois 547-1 (V. cinerea B9 × V. rupestris B38). The maps were initially constructed based on 277 RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers using a double-pseudotestcross strategy. Subsequently, 25 microsatellites, 4 CAPS (cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence), and 12 AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) markers were added to the maps. Another 120 markers, mostly those segregating 3:1, were also assigned but not positioned on the linkage groups in the two maps. The 'Horizon' map consisted of 153 markers covering 1199 cM, with an average map distance of 7.6 cM between markers. The Illinois 547-1 map had 179 markers covering 1470 cM, with an average map distance of 8.1 cM. There were 20 linkage groups in each map, one more than the basic number of chromosomes in grapes. Ten linkage groups in each map were identified as homologous using 16 microsatellite and 2 CAPS markers polymorphic in both parents. A single locus controlling sex in grapes mapped close to a microsatellite marker. These maps provide enough coverage of the genome for QTL (quantitative trait loci) analysis and as a starting point for positional gene cloning in grapes. Key words: Vitis, RAPD, microsatellite, SSR, CAPS.

An integrated SSR and RFLP linkage map of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 988-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinakar Bhattramakki ◽  
Jianmin Dong ◽  
Ashok K Chhabra ◽  
Gary E Hart
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Linkage Map ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Artificial Chromosome ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Dna Libraries ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Bac Libraries ◽  
Primer Sets ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

We report the development, testing, and use (for genetic mapping) of a large number of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primer sets that amplify DNA simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. Most of the primer sets were developed from clones isolated from two sorghum bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries and three enriched sorghum genomic-DNA (gDNA) libraries. A few were developed from sorghum DNA sequences present in public databases. The libraries were probed with radiolabeled di- and trinucleotide oligomers, the BAC libraries with four and six oligomers, respectively, and the enriched gDNA libraries with four and three oligomers, respectively. Both types of libraries were markedly enriched for SSRs relative to a size-fractionated gDNA library studied earlier. However, only 2% of the sequenced clones obtained from the size-fractionated gDNA library lacked a SSR, whereas 13% and 17% of the sequenced clones obtained from the BAC and enriched gDNA libraries, respectively, lacked a SSR. Primer sets were produced for 313 SSR loci. Two-hundred sixty-six (85%) of the loci were amplified and 165 (53%) of the loci were found to be polymorphic in a population composed of 18 diverse sorghum lines. (AG/TC)n and (AC/TG)n repeats comprised 91% of the dinucleotide SSRs and 52% of all of the SSRs at the polymorphic loci, whereas four types of repeats comprised 66% of the trinucleotide SSRs at the loci. Primer sequences are reported for the 165 polymorphic loci and for eight monomorphic loci that have a high degree of homology to genes. Also reported are the genetic map locations of 113 novel SSR loci (including four SSR-containing gene loci) and a linkage map composed of 147 SSR loci and 323 RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) loci. The number of SSR loci per linkage group ranges from 8 to 30. The SSR loci are distributed relatively evenly throughout approximately 75% of the 1406-cM linkage map, but segments of five linkage groups comprising about 25% of the map either lack or contain few SSR loci. Mapping of SSR loci isolated from BAC clones located to these segments is likely to be the most efficient method for placing SSR loci in the segments.Key words: DNA libraries, linkage mapping, Sorghum bicolor, SSRs.

DROUGHT RESISTANCE OF SORGHUM BICOLOR. 1. DROUGHT AVOIDANCE MECHANISMS RELATED TO LEAF WATER STATUS

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
DARRYL G. STOUT ◽  
GRAHAM M. SIMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Ageing Effect ◽  
Leaf Water Status ◽  
Drought Avoidance ◽  
Diffusive Resistance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Leaf ψs (osmotic potential) of two Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench cultivars M35 and NK300 given an irrigation treatment decreased with increasing plant age. Following 3 wk without irrigation, leaf ψs of plants of both cultivars was lower than that in irrigated controls. Following 9 wk without irrigation, leaf ψs of M35 plants was still significantly lower than that in irrigated controls; but in NK300 the difference in leaf ψs between irrigated and non-irrigated plants was no longer significant due to an ageing effect changing leaf ψs less in non-irrigated than in irrigated plants. Evidence indicated that leaf ψs decreased due to osmoregulation, a drought avoidance mechanism, resulting in formation of more osmotically active cellular solutes. Greater leaf senescence of non-irrigated plants is a second drought avoidance mechanism used by sorghum to decrease transpiration requirements. Leaf diffusive resistance measurements indicated open stomata in both irrigated and non-irrigated plants so that under the imposed water stress conditions stomatal closure was not affecting the transpiration requirement.

scholarly journals Genetic maps of Saccharum officinarum L. and Saccharum robustum Brandes & Jew. ex grassl

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia T. Guimarães ◽  
Rhonda J. Honeycutt ◽  
Gavin R. Sills ◽  
Bruno W.S. Sobral
Keyword(s):  
Dna Markers ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Breeding Ecology ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Genetic Linkage Maps ◽  
Arbitrarily Primed Pcr ◽  
Saccharum Robustum

Genetic analysis was performed in a population composed of 100 F1 individuals derived from a cross between a cultivated sugarcane (S. officinarum `LA Purple') and its proposed progenitor species (S. robustum `Mol 5829'). Various types (arbitrarily primed-PCR, RFLPs, and AFLPs) of single-dose DNA markers (SDMs) were used to construct genetic linkage maps for both species. The LA Purple map was composed of 341 SDMs, spanning 74 linkage groups and 1,881 cM, while the Mol 5829 map contained 301 SDMs, spanning 65 linkage groups and 1,189 cM. Transmission genetics in these two species showed incomplete polysomy based on the detection of 15% of SDMs linked in repulsion in LA Purple and 13% of these in Mol 5829. Because of this incomplete polysomy, multiple-dose markers could not be mapped for lack of a genetic model for their segregation. Due to inclusion of RFLP anchor probes, conserved in related species, the resulting maps will serve as useful tools for breeding, ecology, evolution, and molecular biology studies within the Andropogoneae.

scholarly journals CONTRIBUTIONS OF SEED PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERS OF VARIOUS SORGHUM GENOTYPES (SORGHUM BICOLOR [L.] MOENCH.) TO DAMAGED SEED INDUCED BY WEEVIL (SITOPHILUS SP.) DURING STORAGE

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Eko Pramono ◽  
Muhammad Kamal ◽  
Franciscus Xaverius Susilo ◽  
Paul Benyamin Timotiwu
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Seed Hardness ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Chemical Characters ◽  
Pericarp Thickness ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Storage Temperatures

Contributions of Seed Physical and Chemical Characters of Various Sorghum Genotypes (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench.) to Damaged Seed Induced by Weevil (Sitophilus sp.) During Storage. The percentage of damaged seeds due to feeding by Sitophilus sp. during storage varied among sorghum genotypes (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench.). Some researchers reported that the difference was influenced by the physical and chemical characters of the seed grains. This study aimed to determine the contribution of seed physical and chemical characters and their effect model on the percentage of damaged seeds due to weevil attack during storage. Measurement of damaged seeds was carried out on 34 sorghum genotypes after they were stored for four months under storage temperatures of 26 ºC and 18 ºC. Physical characters included seed hardness, weights of a thousand grains, pericarp thickness, and seed volume. Chemical characters of seeds included lipid, protein, carbohydrate, and tannin contents. Results of the study indicate that contribution of physical and chemical characters of sorghum seeds and their effect model on the percentage of damaged seeds due to weevil attack was different among storage under temperature of 26 ºC and under temperatures of  18 ºC.

Development of a second generation linkage map for almond using RAPD and SSR markers

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Joobeur ◽  
N Periam ◽  
M C de Vicente ◽  
G J King ◽  
P Arús
Keyword(s):  
Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Prunus Amygdalus ◽  
Total Size ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Simple Sequence

Fifty-four RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers and 6 SSRs (simple sequence repeats) were included in a molecular marker map with 120 RFLPs (restriction fragment length polymorphisms) and 7 isozyme genes previously constructed using the offspring of a cross between the almond (Prunus amygdalus) cultivars 'Ferragnès' and 'Tuono'. Only highly reproducible RAPDs segregating 1:1 were used. To identify these markers, a total of 325 primers were screened, from which 41 produced RAPDs useful for mapping. Polymorphism was detected in six of the eight Prunus SSRs (simple sequence repeats) studied, thus enabling these to be mapped. All markers were placed on the 8 linkage groups previously identified. The number of new markers included in the map of 'Ferragnès' was 33 for a total of 126, and 30 in the map of 'Tuono' for a total of 99. The sizes of the maps of 'Ferragnès' (415 cM) and 'Tuono' (416 cM) were similar, representing a 5% increase over the maps constructed solely with isozymes and RFLPs. The estimated total size of the almond map was of 457 cM. Some markers were placed in zones with low density of markers and others in the extreme of linkage groups. The use of RAPD markers to complete genetic maps constructed with transferable markers is discussed.Key words: almond, Prunus amygdalus, RAPD, SSR, mapping.

scholarly journals Microsatellite Marker Development in Rose and its Application in Tetraploid Mapping

2006 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.H. Zhang ◽  
D.H. Byrne ◽  
R.E. Ballard ◽  
S. Rajapakse
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Genomic Library ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Tetraploid Parent ◽  
Simple Sequence

Microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed from Rosa wichurana Crépin to combine two previously constructed tetraploid rose (Rosa hybrida L.) genetic maps. To isolate SSR-containing sequences from rose a small-insert genomic library was constructed from diploid Rosa wichurana and screened with several SSR probes. Specific primers were designed for 43 unique SSR regions, of which 30 primer pairs gave rise to clear PCR products. Seventeen SSR primer pairs (57%) produced polymorphism in the tetraploid rose 90-69 mapping family. These markers were incorporated into existing maps of the parents 86-7 and 82-1134, which were constructed primarily with AFLP markers. The current map of the male parent, amphidiploid 86-7, consists of 286 markers assigned to 14 linkage groups and covering 770 cm. The map of the female tetraploid parent, 82-1134, consists of 256 markers assigned to 20 linkage groups and covering 920 cm. Nineteen rose SSR loci were mapped on the 86-7 map and 11 on the 82-1134 map. Several homeologous linkage groups within maps were identified based on SSR markers. In addition, some of the SSR markers provided anchoring points between the two parental maps. SSR markers were also useful for joining small linkage groups. Based on shared SSR markers, consensus orders for four rose linkage groups between parental maps were generated. Microsatellite markers developed in this study will provide valuable tools for many aspects of rose research including future consolidation of diploid and tetraploid rose genetic linkage maps, genetic, phylogenetic and population analyses, cultivar identification, and marker-assisted selection.

Contribution of osmotic adjustment to grain yield in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench under water-limited conditions. II. Water stress after anthesis

1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Ludlow ◽  
JM Santamaria ◽  
S Fukai
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Distribution Index ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

The contribution of osmotic adjustment to grain yield in Sorghum bicolor (L.) subjected to water stress between anthesis and maturity was studied using six entries. Three of the entries (Goldrush, E57, and DK470) were selected for high osmotic adjustment and the other three (Texas 610SR, Texas 671, and SC 219-9-19-1) for low osmotic adjustment, and divided into early, intermediate and late maturity groups. Entries were either well watered, or subjected to a 50-day period of water shortage after anthesis following being well-watered prior to anthesis. Entries selected for high osmotic adjustment had mean values of osmotic adjustment at the end of the post-anthesis stress more than double those selected for low osmotic adjustment. The corresponding mean grain yield of entries with high osmotic adjustment were 24% higher than that of entries with low osmotic adjustment. The higher yield was due to both more and larger grains, and it was associated with higher harvest index and distribution index. At best, the difference in dry matter at maturity could explain only a few per cent of the difference in grain yield between entries with low and high osmotic adjustment. Water stress prior to anthesis (previous paper) reduced yield more than a post-anthesis stress of the same intensity. However, osmotic adjustment was equally effective in minimizing the reduction in grain yields in both stages. The use of osmotic adjustment as a selection trait in programs to improve the yield of grain sorghum is briefly discussed.

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