Genomic relationships among diploid and hexaploid species of Andropogon (Poaceae)

Genome ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1220-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Norrmann ◽  
L Hanson ◽  
S Renvoize ◽  
I J Leitch
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
South American ◽  
The North ◽  
Hexaploid Species ◽  
Genomic Relationships ◽  
Strong Hybridization ◽  
Taxonomic Implications

Andropogon is a pantropical grass genus comprising 100–120 species and found mainly in the grasslands of Africa and the Americas. While the genomic relationships between many Andropogon species have been resolved by studying chromosome behavior in interspecific hybrids, relationships between the North and South American diploids have remained elusive. Further, the genome composition of two hexaploid species (including the important forage grass Andropogon lateralis Nees) has been unclear because of the strong hybridization barriers that exist between species. Consequently, genomic in situ hybridization was applied to shed light on these issues. The results confirmed that (i) both the South American (Andropogon selloanus (Hack.) Hack., Andropogon macrothrix Trin.) and North American (Andropogon gyrans Michx.) diploid species shared a common S genome and (ii) the S genome comprises just one of the three genomes in the hexaploids A. lateralis Nees and Andropogon bicornis L. The evolutionary and taxonomic implications of these findings are discussed.Key words: Andropogon, polyploidy evolution, Poaceae, genomic in situ hybridization, taxonomy.

Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) discriminates between the A and the B genomes in diploid and tetraploid Setaria species

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Benabdelmouna ◽  
Y Shi ◽  
M Abirached-Darmency ◽  
H Darmency
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Polyploid Species ◽  
Nucleolar Organizing Regions ◽  
Genomic Relationships ◽  
Clear Differentiation

Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) was used to investigate genomic relationships between different Setaria species of the foxtail millet gene pool (S. italica) and one interspecific F1 hybrid. The GISH patterns obtained on the two diploid species S. viridis (genome A) and S. adhaerans (genome B), and on their F1 hybrid showed clear differentiation between these two genomes except at the nucleolar organizing regions. Similar GISH patterns allowed differentiation of S. italica from S. adhaerans. However, GISH patterns did not distinguish between the genomes of S. italica and its putative wild ancestor S. viridis. GISH was also applied to polyploid Setaria species and enabled confirmation of the assumed allotetraploid nature of S. faberii and demonstration that both S. verticillata and S. verticillata var. ambigua were also allotetraploids. All these tetraploid species contained two sets of 18 chromosomes each, one from genome A and the other from genome B. Only one polyploid species, S. pumila, was shown to bear an unknown genomic composition that is not closely related either to genome A or to genome B.Key words: Setaria, genomic in situ hybridization, genome analysis.

The genomic identification of some monosomics of Avena sativa L. cv. Sun II using genomic in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Leggett ◽  
G. S. Markhand
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Translocations ◽  
C Genome

Genomic in situ hybridization using total genomic DNA extracted from the C genome diploid species Avena eriantha (2n = 2x = 14, genome CpCp) was used to identify monosomics (2n = 6x − 1 = 41) of the constituent genomes of the hexaploid cultivated oat A. sativa L. cv. Sun II (2n = 6x = 42, genomes AACCDD). The results demonstrate 3 AD/C and 6 C/AD chromosome translocations, indicate that five of the missing monosomics are derived from the C genome, and show that there are duplicates within the partial monosomic series. Chromosome polymorphisms between some monosomic lines are also demonstrated.Key words: Avena, monosomics, genomic in situ hybridization, genomic identification.

Identification of the parental chromosomes of the wheat–alien amphiploid Agrotana by genomic in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1163-1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Chen ◽  
R. L. Conner ◽  
A. Laroche
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetics ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Haynaldia Villosa ◽  
Genomic Relationships ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Donor Species

Labelled total genomic DNA from four alien species, Thinopyrum ponticum (Host) Beauv. (2n = 70, genomes J1J1J1J2J2), Th. bessarabicum (Savul. &Rayss) Love (2n = 14, genome J), Th. elongatum (Host) Beauv. (2n = 14, genome E), and Haynaldia villosa (L.) Schur. (2n = 14, genome V), were used as probes in combination with blocking wheat DNA for in situ hybridization of the chromosomes of Agrotana, a wheat–alien hybrid (2n = 56) of unknown origin. The results showed that genomic DNA probes from Th. ponticum and Th. bessarabicum both clearly revealed 16 alien and 40 wheat chromosomes in Agrotana, indicating that the J genome present in these two species has a high degree of homology with the alien chromosomes in Agrotana. Biotinylated genomic DNA probe from Th. elongatum identified 10 chromosomes from Agrotana, while some regions of six other chromosomes yielded a weak or no signal. The probe from H. villosa produced no differential labelling of the chromosomes of Agrotana. The genomic formula of Agrotana was designated as AABBDDJJ. We suggest that the alien parent donor species of Agrotana is Th. ponticum rather than Th. bessarabicum. Genomic relationships of the three Thinopyrum species are discussed in relation to the distribution of GISH signals in the chromosomes of Agrotana.Key words: Thinopyrum species, wheat–alien amphiploid, genomic DNA probing, in situ hybridization, molecular cytogenetics.

Chromosomal characterization in native populations of Elymus scabrifolius from Argentina through classical and molecular cytogenetics (FISH–GISH)

Genome ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 591-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Tomas ◽  
G.E. González ◽  
G.E. Schrauf ◽  
L. Poggio
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Pair ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetics ◽  
Chromosome Morphology ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Dapi Staining ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Strong Hybridization

The karyotype of Elymus scabrifolius (Döll) J.H. Hunz. (2n = 4x = 28) was investigated by DAPI staining and in situ hybridization. All the accessions studied presented a symmetric and uniform karyotype constituted by 9m+2m–sm+3sm. DAPI stain showed 1–7 conspicuous bands in all the chromosomes and polymorphisms between accessions. FISH experiments carried out with 45S rDNA as probe (pTa71) showed strong hybridization signals on the metacentric SAT-chromosome pair 8; the submetacentric SAT-chromosome pair 13 presented weaker hybridization. FISH using pSc119.2 clone as probe identified five chromosome pairs. Then, the combination of chromosome morphology, DAPI-staining, and FISH enabled the accurate identification of each chromosome pair in E. scabrifolius. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) experiments using Hordeum DNA as probe on mitotic metaphases confirmed unequivocally the presence of the H genome in E. scabrifolius, allowing us to observe six uniformly labeled chromosome pairs and two chromosome pairs with only one arm labeled. The remaining six chromosome pairs were weakly labeled. The rehybridization of FISH slides with Hordeum DNA as probe allow us to assign the genomic provenance of most of the chromosomes in the studied accessions. Moreover, intergenomic rearrangement was detected between genome H and the still unknown progenitor genome.

Genomic in situ hybridization reveals both auto- and allopolyploid origins of different North and Central American hexaploid potato (Solanum sect. Petota) species

Genome ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Pendinen ◽  
David M. Spooner ◽  
Jiming Jiang ◽  
Tatjana Gavrilenko
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Central American ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Solanum Sect ◽  
In Series ◽  
Mexican Species

Wild potato ( Solanum L. sect. Petota Dumort.) species contain diploids (2n = 2x = 24) to hexaploids (2n = 6x = 72). J.G. Hawkes classified all hexaploid Mexican species in series Demissa Bukasov and, according to a classic five-genome hypothesis of M. Matsubayashi in 1991, all members of series Demissa are allopolyploids. We investigated the genome composition of members of Hawkes’s series Demissa with genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), using labeled DNA of their putative progenitors having diploid AA, BB, or PP genome species or with DNA of tetraploid species having AABB or AAAaAa genomes. GISH analyses support S. hougasii Correll as an allopolyploid with one AA component genome and another BB component genome. Our results also indicate that the third genome of S. hougasii is more closely related to P or a P genome-related species. Solanum demissum Lindl., in contrast, has all three chromosome sets related to the basic A genome, similar to the GISH results of polyploid species of series Acaulia Juz. Our results support a more recent taxonomic division of the Mexican hexaploid species into two groups: the allopolyploid Iopetala group containing S. hougasii, and an autopolyploid Acaulia group containing S. demissum with South American species S. acaule Bitter and S. albicans (Ochoa) Ochoa.

Genomic relationships among diploid and polyploid species of the genus Eryngium L. using genomic in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 824-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisèle Yvonne Perthuy ◽  
Susana Martínez ◽  
Eduardo José Greizerstein ◽  
Lidia Poggio
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
Polyploid Species ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Large Genus

Eryngium L. (Umbelliferae) is a large genus including more than 250 species worldwide. The large morphological variability in this genus makes it difficult to delimit the species or to establish phylogenetic relationships. The occurrence of different ploidy levels within the genus might indicate a hybrid origin of the polyploid species. In the present study, the chromosome number and karyotype of E. regnellii are reported for the first time and the ploidy level of a population of E. paniculatum is confirmed. We compare the genomes of the diploids E. horridum and E. eburneum , the tetraploids E. megapotamicum and E. regnellii , and the hexaploids E. pandanifolium (as a representative of the whole pandanifolium complex) and E. paniculatum using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). Although it was not possible to identify the parental species of the polyploid taxa analyzed, the GISH technique allowed us to postulate some hypotheses about their origin. Eryngium horridum and E. eburneum do not seem to be the direct progenitors of the polyploids analyzed. On the other hand, it seems that other diploid species unrelated to E. horridum and E. eburneum are involved in their origin. Our results are consistent with morphological and phylogenetic studies, indicating a close relationship between the species of the series Latifolia.

Allopolyploid speciation of the Mexican tetraploid potato species Solanum stoloniferum and S. hjertingii revealed by genomic in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 714-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Pendinen ◽  
Tatjana Gavrilenko ◽  
Jiming Jiang ◽  
David M. Spooner
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Tetraploid Species ◽  
Genome Donor ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Section Petota ◽  
Gish Analysis

Thirty-six percent of the wild potato ( Solanum L. section Petota Dumort.) species are polyploid, and about half of the polyploids are tetraploid species (2n = 4x = 48). Determination of the type of polyploidy and development of the genome concept for members of section Petota traditionally has been based on the analysis of chromosome pairing in species and their hybrids and, most recently, DNA sequence phylogenetics. Based on these data, the genome designation AABB was proposed for Mexican tetraploid species of series Longipedicellata Buk. We investigated this hypothesis with genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) for both representatives of the series, S. stoloniferum Schltdl. and S. hjertingii Hawkes. GISH analysis supports an AABB genome constitution for these species, with S. verrucosum Schltdl. (or its progenitor) supported as the A genome donor and another North or Central American diploid species (S. cardiophyllum Lindl., S. ehrenbergii (Bitter) Rydb., or S. jamesii Torrey) as the B genome donor. GISH analysis of chromosome pairing of S. stoloniferum also confirms the strict allopolyploid nature of this species. In addition, fluorescence in situ hybridization data suggest that 45S rDNA regions of the two genomes of S. stoloniferum were changed during coevolution of A and B genomes of this allotetraploid species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document