Molecular cytogenetic discrimination and reaction to wheat streak mosaic virus and the wheat curl mite in Zhong series of wheat – Thinopyrum intermedium partial amphiploids

Genome ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Chen ◽  
R L Conner ◽  
H J Li ◽  
S C Sun ◽  
F Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Wheat Curl Mite ◽  
Partial Amphiploid ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Partial Amphiploids

Thinopyrum intermedium (2n = 6x = 42, JJJsJsSS) is potentially a useful source of resistance to wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) and its vector, the wheat curl mite (WCM). Five partial amphiploids, namely Zhong 1, Zhong 2, Zhong 3, Zhong 4, and Zhong 5, derived from Triticum aestivum × Thinopyrum intermedium crosses produced in China, were screened for WSMV and WCM resistance. Zhong 1 and Zhong 2 had high levels of resistance to WSMV and WCM. The other three partial amphiploids, Zhong 3, 4, and 5, were resistant to WSMV, but were susceptible to WCM. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) using a genomic DNA probe from Pseudoroegneria strigosa (SS, 2n = 14) demonstrated that two partial amphiploids, Zhong 1 and Zhong 2, have almost the identical 10 Th. intermedium chromosomes, including four Js, four J, and two S genome chromosomes. Both of them carry two pairs of J and a pair of Js genome chromosomes and two different translocations that were not observed in the other three Zhong lines. The partial amphiploids Zhong 3, 4, and 5 have another type of basic genomic composition, which is similar to a reconstituted alien genome consisting of four S and four Js genome chromosomes of Th. intermedium (Zhong 5 has two Js chromosomes plus two Js–W translocations) with six translocated chromosomes between S and Js or J genomes. All three lines carry a specific S–S–Js translocated chromosome, which might confer resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-PAV). The present study identified a specific Js2 chromosome present in all five of the Zhong lines, confirming that a Js chromosome carries WSMV resistance. Resistance to WCM may be linked with J or Js chromosomes. The discovery of high levels of resistance to both WSMV and WCM in Zhong 1 and Zhong 2 offers a useful source of resistance to both the virus and its vector for wheat breeding programs.Key words: GISH, genomic composition, J, Js and S genomes, Thinopyrum intermedium, partial amphiploid, WSMV, WCM resistance.

PCR-based molecular marker for the Bdv2 Thinopyrum intermedium source of barley yellow dwarf virus resistance in wheat

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Stoutjesdijk ◽  
S. J. Kammholz ◽  
S. Kleven ◽  
S. Matsay ◽  
P. M. Banks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Partial Amphiploid ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Pcr Based Molecular Marker

Because of the importance of BYDV in wheat production worldwide, and given the difficulties of bioassaying for resistance, a molecular marker was developed for the resistance known as Bdv2 that originates on the long arm of chromosome 7Ai1 of Thinopyrum intermedium. This resistance was identified in a partial amphiploid line TAF46, a disomic addition line to wheat (L1), a telosomic addition line (7Ai1 L), and a series of recombinants and translocations. A RAPD (random amplified polymeric DNA) marker for the resistant germplasm was cloned and sequenced, and primers were designed against that sequence to produce a sequence characterised amplified region (SCAR) marker. A single PCR product is produced only with genotypes carrying the resistance from any of the available recombinants. The cloned sequence, recommended primers, and PCR protocols are described. The usefulness of the marker has been demonstrated for following Bdv2 in segregating wheat breeding germplasm, with the imminent release of a BYDV-resistant cultivar.

Varying chromosome composition of 56-chromosome wheat × Thinopyrum intermedium partial amphiploids

Genome ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Banks ◽  
S. J. Xu ◽  
R. R.-C. Wang ◽  
P. J. Larkin
Keyword(s):  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Meiotic Analysis ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Head Morphology ◽  
Partial Amphiploids

Thinopyrum intermedium (2n = 42) is a source of many potentially useful genes for wheat improvement. Many partial amphiploids have been produced between Th. intermedium and Triticum aestivum that are fertile and stable. These partial amphiploids all have 56 chromosomes, including seven pairs of chromosomes from Th. intermedium. To explore the genomic composition of these lines, meiotic analysis was conducted on 32 hybrid combinations between eight different partial amphiploids. All but two of the chosen parents were distinguishable on the basis of perenniality, head morphology, and reactions to leaf, stripe, and stem rusts and to barley yellow dwarf virus. Chromosome pairing in the hybrids clearly indicated that all but two of the partial amphiploids differed in their composition of Thinopyrum chromosomes. The differences varied from one to five chromosomes. This confirms molecular evidence that the extra genome of the octoploid partial amphiploids is a variable synthetic genome combining chromosomes of the three Thinopyrum genomes E, J, and X. Though the extra synthetic genomes vary widely between different octoploids, they are nevertheless stable once formed. It is argued that the failure to establish these octoploid amphiploids as a new crop is a consequence of their differing chromosome complements, which makes it impractical to interbreed them.Key words: Thinopyrum, Agropyron, agrotriticum, wheat, amphiploid, octoploid, barley yellow dwarf virus, rust.

scholarly journals Wheat streak mosaic virus in Australia: Relationship to Isolates from the Pacific Northwest of the USA and Its Dispersion Via Seed Transmission

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey I. Dwyer ◽  
Mark J. Gibbs ◽  
Adrian J. Gibbs ◽  
Roger A. C. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Australian Continent ◽  
Post Entry

Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) was found for the first time in Australia in 2002. It subsequently was found widely dispersed around the continent and was shown to be seedborne in wheat. The coat protein (CP) gene sequences of nine WSMV isolates from eastern and southwestern Australia are reported, one obtained directly from infected wheat seed, three from seedlings grown from infected wheat seed, and five from infected wheat plant samples. These sequences were compared with those of 66 WSMV CP sequences, including eight previously sequenced Australian isolates. All 17 Australian sequences formed a closely knit monophyletic cluster as part of the D1 subclade of WSMV previously only reported from the Pacific Northwest of the United States. The close phylogenetic relationships of these sequences indicate that the Australian outbreak arose from a single incursion, the source of which appears to be the Pacific Northwest. Three Australian CP sequences were identical, one from the location of the post-entry quarantine facility at Tamworth, New South Wales, and two from seed that had originally been propagated at that facility. These three sequences were closest to the Pacific Northwest sequences and differed from them by as little as eight nucleotides (0.76%). The sequence of a third seedborne isolate originally from the same source differed from the other two seedborne isolates by two nucleotides, indicating that the immigrant WSMV population may have been variable. The other Australian sequences differed from the three identical ones by only one to four nucleotides. The phylogenetic pattern and small number of nucleotide differences between individual isolates from different geographic locations fit the scenario that the virus was introduced once in seed of wheat breeding material, multiplied where it was introduced, and then was dispersed over long distances around the Australian continent along standard distribution routes for wheat breeding lines, germ plasm, and crop seed. These conclusions provide a cautionary tale indicating the importance of effective monitoring of imported plant materials for exotic virus diseases during post-entry quarantine.

Screening and analysis of differentially expressed genes from an alien addition line of wheat Thinopyrum intermedium induced by barley yellow dwarf virus infection

Genome ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1114-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Mei Jiang ◽  
Long Zhang ◽  
Jun Hu ◽  
Rui Shi ◽  
Guang-He Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tag ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Alien Chromosome ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Expressed Sequence

The alien addition line TAI-27 contains a pair of chromosomes of Thinopyrum intermedium that carry resistance against barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). A subtractive library was constructed using the leaves of TAI-27, which were infected by Schizaphis graminum carrying the GAV strain of BYDV, and the control at the three-leaf stage. Nine differentially expressed genes were identified from 100 randomly picked clones and sequenced. Two of the nine clones were highly homologous with known genes. Of the remaining seven cDNA clones, five clones matched with known expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences from wheat and (or) barley whereas the other two clones were unknown. Five of the nine differentially expressed sequences (WTJ9, WTJ11, WTJ15, WTJ19, and WTJ32) were highly homologous (identities >94%) with ESTs from wheat or barley challenged with pathogens. These five sequences and another one (WTJ18) were also highly homologous (identities >86%) with abiotic stress induced ESTs in wheat or barley. Reverse Northern hybridization showed that seven of the nine differentially expressed cDNA sequences hybridized with cDNA of T. intermedium infected by BYDV. Three of these also hybridized with cDNA of line 3B-2 (a parent of TAI-27) infected by BYDV. The alien chromosome in TAI-27 was microdissected. The second round linker adaptor mediated PCR products of the alien chromosomal DNA were labeled with digoxygenin and used as the probe to hybridize with the nine differentially expressed genes. The analysis showed that seven differentially expressed genes were homologous with the alien chromosome of TAI-27. These seven differentially expressed sequences could be used as ESTs of the alien chromosome of TAI-27. This research laid the foundation for screening and cloning of new specific functional genes conferring resistance to BYDV and probably other pathogens.Key words: suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH), expressed sequence tag (EST), linker adaptor mediated polymerase chain reaction (LA-PCR), chromosome microdissection.

Wheat Curl Mite Resistance: Interactions of Mite Feeding With Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus Infection

2011 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 1406-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Murugan ◽  
P. Sotelo Cardona ◽  
P. Duraimurugan ◽  
A. E. Whitfield ◽  
D. Schneweis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus ◽  
Wheat Curl Mite ◽  
Mite Feeding ◽  
Mosaic Virus Infection

Survey of Barley yellow dwarf virus incidence in winter cereal crops, and assessment of wheat and barley resistance to the virus

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Beoni ◽  
Jana Chrpová ◽  
Jana Jarošová ◽  
Jiban Kumar Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Winter Cereal ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

A survey of Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) incidence in cereal crops in the Czech Republic over 4 years showed, on average, 13.3% BYDV-positive, randomly tested wheat and barley samples. The cultivated wheat and barley cultivars had different levels of susceptibility to BYDV infection. Field trials were performed with different barley and wheat breeding lines and cultivars, and resistance traits were evaluated after artificial inculcation by the viruliferous aphid vector Rhopalosiphum padi L. with BYDV-PAV. Our results showed high variability of visual symptom score (VSS) and reduction in grain weight per spike (GWS-R) in trials within the tested lines and cultivars. The barley line (WBON 96-123) and cultivars (Wysor, Travira) that contained RYd2 differed significantly from other cultivars in VSS. Line WBON 96-123 and cvv. Wysor and Yatzi showed the lowest GWS-R. Wheat line PSR 3628 and cvv. Altigo, Elan, Sparta, Aladin and Hewit showed significant difference from other cultivars in VSS. PSR 3628, Sparta, and Elan showed the lowest GWS-R. Similar results were obtained from BYDV titre analysis by RT-qPCR corresponding to the VSS and GWS-R traits. A low virus titre corresponded to low VSS and GWS-R. Hence, our results suggest that laborious and time-consuming GWS-R analysis could be replaced in some cases by qPCR-based BYDV titre analysis and, together with VSS evaluation, could enhance the efficiency of resistance assessment.

scholarly journals First Report of Soilborne Wheat Mosaic Virus in the United Kingdom

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 880-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. G. Clover ◽  
D. M. Wright ◽  
C. M. Henry
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Protein A ◽  
The United States ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

In April 1999, severe soilborne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV) symptoms were observed in five fields of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum, cvs. Consort, Equinox, and Savannah) on one farm in Wiltshire, UK. Affected plants were markedly stunted and had a pale mosaic on their leaf sheaths that developed into bright yellow, parallel streaks on the leaves as they unfolded. Symptomatic plants were found in discrete, elliptical patches ranging in size from a few square meters to nearly a hectare. During May and June, symptoms became less marked as temperatures increased and were restricted to lower leaves. SBWMV was positively identified in all five fields (60 to 170 plants per field) by double (W. Huth, BBA-Braunschweig, Germany; Sanofi Phyto-Diagnostics, Paris) and triple (T. Wilson, SCRI, Dundee, UK) antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction (2). Identification was confirmed by immunoelectron microscopy, including protein-A gold labeling, which revealed bipartite, rod-shaped particles typical of SBWMV. Neither wheat spindle streak mosaic virus nor barley yellow dwarf virus was detected in the field samples, nor was SBWMV detected in any other field subsequently sampled, despite a survey of the surrounding area. Wheat is the most important economic crop in the United Kingdom (≈1.9 million hectares are grown annually, yielding ≈16 million tonnes), but its position is threatened by the economic impact of SBWMV, which has decreased yields by up to 50% in the United States (1). References: (1) T. A. Kucharek and J. H. Walker. Plant Dis. Rep. 58:763, 1974. (2) R. E. Pennington et al. Plant Dis. 77:1202, 1993.

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