scholarly journals Molecular marker analysis of 24- and 25-chromosome plants obtained from Solanum tuberosum L. subsp. andigena (2n = 4x = 48) pollinated with a Solanum phureja haploid inducer

Genome ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Samitsu ◽  
K Hosaka
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Solanum Phureja ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Haploid Induction ◽  
Haploid Inducer ◽  
Rflp Rapd ◽  
Molecular Marker Analysis ◽  
Almost All

Clones with 24 or 25 chromosomes were obtained by pollinating an Andean cultivated tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum subsp. andigena clone 94H94, 2n = 4x = 48) with the Solanum phureja haploid-inducer clone 1.22. Their genetic composition was analyzed in an RAPD assay using 135 decamer primers and in an RFLP assay using 45 single-copy DNA probes. In total, 22 RAPD and 20 RFLP markers were found to be specific to S. phureja. None of these markers were found in the 24- and 25-chromosome clones. RFLP genotypes for the 45 RFLP loci were further determined for each clone. Genotypes of the 24-chromosome clones were characterized using two alleles randomly selected from four alleles of the parental tetraploid clone for almost all RFLP loci. Five 25-chromosome clones had extra alleles for all of the RFLP loci of chromosomes 4, 8, 10, 11, and 12, respectively, suggesting primary trisomy for one of these chromosomes. Clones with genotypes showing double reduction were also identified. Therefore, the obtained clones likely originated from random samples of female gametes, and hence are euhaploids or aneuhaploids of S. tuberosum subsp. andigena, strongly supporting parthenogenesis to be a primary mechanism for haploid induction in potato.Key words: Solanum tuberosum subsp. andigena, RFLP, RAPD, haploid, trisomic.

scholarly journals Genomic Outcomes of Haploid Induction Crosses in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk R Amundson ◽  
Benny Ordoñez ◽  
Monica Santayana ◽  
Ek Han Tan ◽  
Isabelle M Henry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Structural Variation ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Haploid Induction ◽  
Haploid Inducer ◽  
Additional Chromosome ◽  
Chromosomal Loci

AbstractThe challenges of breeding autotetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum) have motivated the development of alternative breeding strategies. A common approach is to obtain uniparental dihaploids from a tetraploid of interest through pollination with S. tuberosum Andigenum Group (formerly S. phureja) cultivars. The mechanism underlying haploid formation of these crosses is unclear, and questions regarding the frequency of paternal DNA transmission remain. Previous reports described aneuploid and euploid progeny, which, in some cases, displayed genetic markers from the haploid inducer. Here, we surveyed a population of 167 presumed dihaploids for large-scale structural variation that would underlie chromosomal addition from the haploid inducer, and for small-scale introgression of genetic markers. In 19 progeny, we detected ten of the twelve possible trisomies and, in all cases, demonstrated the non-inducer parent origin of the additional chromosome. Deep sequencing indicated that occasional, short-tract signals appearing of haploid inducer origin were better explained as technical artifacts. Leveraging recurring CNV patterns, we documented sub-chromosomal dosage variation indicating segregation of polymorphic maternal haplotypes. Collectively, 52% of assayed chromosomal loci were classified as dosage variable. Our findings help elucidate the genomic consequences of potato haploid induction and suggest that most potato dihaploids will be free of residual pollinator DNA.

scholarly journals Genomic Outcomes of Haploid Induction Crosses in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Genetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 214 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk R. Amundson ◽  
Benny Ordoñez ◽  
Monica Santayana ◽  
Ek Han Tan ◽  
Isabelle M. Henry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Haploid Induction ◽  
Variation Patterns ◽  
Number Variation ◽  
Additional Chromosome ◽  
Chromosomal Loci

The challenges of breeding autotetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum) have motivated the development of alternative breeding strategies. A common approach is to obtain uniparental dihaploids from a tetraploid of interest through pollination with S. tuberosum Andigenum Group (formerly S. phureja) cultivars. The mechanism underlying haploid formation of these crosses is unclear, and questions regarding the frequency of paternal DNA transmission remain. Previous reports have described aneuploid and euploid progeny that, in some cases, displayed genetic markers from the haploid inducer (HI). Here, we surveyed a population of 167 presumed dihaploids for large-scale structural variation that would underlie chromosomal addition from the HI, and for small-scale introgression of genetic markers. In 19 progeny, we detected 10 of the 12 possible trisomies and, in all cases, demonstrated the noninducer parent origin of the additional chromosome. Deep sequencing indicated that occasional, short-tract signals appearing to be of HI origin were better explained as technical artifacts. Leveraging recurring copy number variation patterns, we documented subchromosomal dosage variation indicating segregation of polymorphic maternal haplotypes. Collectively, 52% of the assayed chromosomal loci were classified as dosage variable. Our findings help elucidate the genomic consequences of potato haploid induction and suggest that most potato dihaploids will be free of residual pollinator DNA.

scholarly journals Detección serológica y molecular del Potato virus X (PVX) en tubérculos-semilla de papa (Solanum tuberosum L. y Solanum phureja Juz. Bukasov) en Antioquia, Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela García Ruíz ◽  
Manuel Andrés Olarte Quintero ◽  
Pablo Andrés Gutiérrez Sánchez ◽  
Mauricio Alejandro Marín Montoya
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Solanum Phureja ◽  
Das Elisa

<p>El Potato virus (PVX) es uno de los virus más limitantes del cultivo de la papa en el mundo. Es transmitido solamente por contacto y por tubérculo-semilla. Su control se fundamenta en la siembra de tubérculos certificados por su sanidad viral y en la disponibilidad de metodologías de diagnóstico altamente sensibles. En este trabajo se evaluó la prevalencia del PVX en cuatro diferentes tejidos de tubérculos de Solanum tuberosum subsp. andigena var. Diacol-Capiro y S. phureja var. Criolla Colombia utilizando pruebas de DAS-ELISA para 128 submuestras y de RT-qPCR para 32 grupos de submuestras (4 submuestras/grupo). Los resultados de las pruebas serológicas  indicaron la presencia de PVX en el 6,25 y 50% de las submuestras analizadas para la variedad Diacol-Capiro y Criolla Colombia, respectivamente; mientras que los niveles de prevalencia del PVX utilizando la detección por RT-qPCR fueron del 93,75%, independientemente de la variedad de papa y del tejido evaluado. Los valores promedio del ciclo umbral (Ct) en las RT-qPCR fueron de 25,6 (Ct=18,02 a 34,49) y el análisis de las curvas de desnaturalización permitió identificar dos variantes del virus con valores de Tm de 79,5±1°C y 83,7±1°C. La secuenciación de los amplicones obtenidos por RT-qPCR para los controles positivos y para dos de las muestras, confirmó su naturaleza viral. Estos resultados señalan unos muy altos niveles de prevalencia de PVX en el material de siembra de papa en Antioquia y la necesidad de fortalecer los programas de certificación de semilla con pruebas de detección como RT-qPCR.</p>

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of the Andean tetraploid cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L. subsp. andigena Hawkes) evaluated by chloroplast and nuclear DNA markers

Genome ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thitaporn Sukhotu ◽  
Osamu Kamijima ◽  
Kazuyoshi Hosaka
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Long Distance

Andigena potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L. subsp. andigena Hawkes) (2n = 4x = 48) are native farmer-selected important cultivars that form a primary gene pool of the common potato (Solanum tuberosum L. subsp. tuberosum). The genetic diversity of 185 Andigena accessions and 6 Chilean native potatoes (S. tuberosum subsp. tuberosum) was studied using chloroplast DNA (ctDNA) microsatellites and nuclear DNA (nDNA) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers. Andigena potatoes had 14 ctDNA haplotypes and showed higher variability in the central Andes, particularly in Bolivia, whereas those in the northern regions of the distribution area were remarkably uniform with A1 ctDNA and Chilean subsp. tuberosum with T ctDNA. Most of 123 clearly scored RFLP bands using 30 single-copy probes were randomly distributed throughout the distribution area and proved the same gene pool shared among these widely collected accessions. Nevertheless, the geographic trend of the nDNA differentiation from north to south along the Andes and the correlated differentiation between nDNA and ctDNA (r = 0.120) could also be revealed by canonical variates analysis. These results suggest that the genetic diversity in Andigena was brought about primarily from cultivated diploid species but considerably modified through sexual polyploidization and intervarietal and (or) introgressive hybridization and long-distance dispersal of seed tubers by humans.Key words: Andigena, chloroplast DNA, nuclear DNA, RFLP, geographic trend, diversity.

scholarly journals Response of Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.), To Nps Fertilizer Application on Growth Parameters at Mizan -Aman, South West Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Simon Koroto ◽  
Selemawit Dula
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Fertilizer Application Rate ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Almost All

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important crops globally. There is little information on balanced use of chemical fertilizer on potato production in Benchi-Maji Zone. Thus, a field experiment was conducted with the objective to investigate the effect of NPS fertilizer rate on the growth parameters of potato. The treatment consisted of four levels of NPS fertilizer (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1) which were laid out in RCBD with three replications. Improved potato variety "Gudene" was used as a test crop. NPS fertilizer rate had significantly influenced almost all the tested parameters of potato. Day’s to 50% flowering was highly significantly affected by NPS rate. Early day to flower were obtained with the application of 100 kg ha-1 of NPS fertilizer and late flowering recorded at 150 kg ha-1 NPS fertilizer application rate. Significantly highest plant height of potato was obtained from application of 150 kg ha-1 NPS fertilizer and the smallest height is obtained from application of 50 kg ha-1 NPS fertilizer.

scholarly journals Fungicides against mildew case of Potato (Solanum tuberosum .L.) from the Triffa plain, irrigated area of Moulouya

2021 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Karima Alaoui ◽  
Zouheir Chafik ◽  
Ez-zahra Kharmach
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Preventive Control ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Almost All

The 2016-2017 agricultural season was devoted to prospecting in different farms in the Triffa Plain. Mildew is present in almost all areas of the plain, given the favourable climatic conditions. Around 95% of the potato cultivated areas in the irrigated area of Moulouya are concentrated only in the Triffa plain, from which 51 plots have been identified. This survey showed that a total of 34 plots (476 hectares covering about 22% of the total area under potato cultivation) were attacked differently by the late blight, and the area managed by the Agricultural Valorization Center (AVC 108) showed the highest attack degree .Preventive control is the most used measure by farmers to protect their crops from attacks by this pathogenic fungus. More than 89% of farmers apply chemicals with health protection measures that are often insufficient or totally absent (77% of farmers apply 4 to 6 fungal treatments per cycle). However, the non-rational use of these chemicals revealed serious problems that are harmful to the various environment components, namely fauna and especially human beings’ health. The results obtained in this study recommend the use of rather organic and ecological treatments that are favourable for the preservation of human health and guarantee a sustainable and healthy agricultural production.

scholarly journals Resistencia genética en familias de híbridos de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) a tizón y estrés hídrico por sequía

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
I. Zurita ◽  
A. Angulo ◽  
S. Veramendi ◽  
J. La Torre ◽  
J. Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Solanum Phureja

Se evaluaron 265 clones de seis cruzas interespecíficas de Solanum phureja bajo invernadero para resistencia genética a tizón tardío (Phytophthora infestans) y sequía. El diseño experimental fue de filas y columnas y el diseño genético fue el de Carolina del Norte I. Se sometió a ataque de tizón al inicio de tuberización durante dos semanas, tras la recuperación (aplicación de fungicida) se sometió a sequía (suspensión de riego) durante 10 días. Las variables de respuesta fueron: presencia del marcador molecular GP94, ligado al gen de resistencia a tizón R-Phi1, Área Bajo la Curva de Progreso de Phytophthora infestans relativa (ABCPPIrel.), grado de marchitez (SEV), recuperación a sequia (REC), número de tallos (NTA), número de hojas (NH), altura de planta (AP), contenido de clorofila (CC), contenido relativo de agua (CRA), peso (PT) y número de tubérculos (NT), Aptitud Combinatoria General (ACG), heredabilidades en sentido amplio (H2) y estrecho (h2) e importancia de los efectos aditivos (A) y no aditivos (NA). La familia 012-202 fue la más resistente a tizón y sequía. Se encontró correlaciones significativas entre NH, CRA, CC, SEV, REC, ABCPPIrel y PT. Cincuenta y cuatro clones fueron resistentes a tizón y sequía, destacando los clones 012-201-13 y 012-201-45. Los efectos aditivos fueron más importantes en CC, CRA, SEV y ABCPPIrel y NA en REC y NH. La ACG del progenitor CCC81 fue superior para NH, CRA, CC, SEV y ABCPPIrel. La H2 fue media- alta para NH, CC y ABCPPIrel. La h2 fue alta para CC, CRA y ABCPPIrel. GP94 no detectó la resistencia a tizón.

Situación económica y social de la población de San José del Carmen, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Cadena-Iñiguez ◽  
Eileen Salinas-Cruz ◽  
Jesús Martínez-Sánchez ◽  
Mariano Morales-Guerra ◽  
Romualdo Vásquez-Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Las Casas ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Objetivo: Establecer una línea base como fundamento para la intervención e inducción de innovaciones a través de escuelas de campo y planes de negocios. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: El estudio se desarrolló en San José del Carmen, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, México. Se elaboró una encuesta como instrumento para recabar en campo información de familias de la localidad con la finalidad de conocer su situación actual. La localidad de trabajo se eligió utilizando como criterio las poblaciones que se encuentran dentro de Cruzada Nacional contra el hambre y en la clasificación de la pobreza extrema Resultados: La localidad de San José del Carmen es considerada como de alta marginación, la población es bilingüe, su principal lengua es el Tzotzil, el nivel de estudios promedio es hasta el tercer año de primaria, las principales actividades productivas son la siembra de maíz (Zea mays L.), frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) y haba (Vicia faba L.) que son utilizadas principalmente para autoconsumo.  No cuentan con agua potable ya que su sistema es a través de la recaudación de agua de lluvia o a través de un jagüey. Sus principales actividades económicas son la albañilería por parte de los hombres, y venta de productos, tales como el pozol (bebida energética a base de maíz y cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), tostadas y algunos vegetales por parte de las mujeres. Las tostadas son producidas en forma artesanal con un proceso de doble nixtamalización y vendida en bolsas de 20 tostadas cada una, a un costo de MX$10.00 en los mercados de San Cristóbal de las Casas, una a dos veces por semana alrededor de 40 bolsas por día de venta. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: La afiliación zapatista de alguno de los pobladores y el hecho de que algunos habitantes no hablen español, fueron factores que limitaron desarrollar al 100% el estudio; sin embargo, se considera que se tienen los elementos necesarios para establecer la línea base de la situación de San José del Carmen. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico servirá como una herramienta para establecer una intervención a través de innovaciones y planes de negocios en la comunidad de estudio. Los pobladores cuentan con herramientas necesarias para obtener nuevos conocimientos que ayuden a un desarrollo de su producción. El idioma no deberá de ser una limitante para ello.

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