Low responsiveness of six-rowed genotypes to androgenesis in barley does not have a pleiotropic basis

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 936-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Castillo ◽  
L Cistué ◽  
I Romagosa ◽  
M P Vallés
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Pleiotropic Effect ◽  
The Self ◽  
Barley Cultivar ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Tight Linkage ◽  
Anther Culture Response ◽  
Induced Mutant

A heterozygous mutant for the two- and six-rowed character was isolated in the barley cultivar Igri through application of sodium azide to isolated microspore cultures and posterior regeneration. Six-rowed and two-rowed homozygotic plants were subsequently identified in the self-pollinated M2 progenies of the original heterozygous M1. Detailed molecular markers confirmed the isogenic nature of this recovered mutant and the original cultivar Igri. A comparative study of the anther culture response of this six-rowed induced mutant vs. diploid 'Igri' was performed to assess whether the two- or six-rowed gene influences anther culture response in barley through a pleiotropic effect or via linkage disequilibrium. No significant differences for any of the recorded variables throughout the in vitro regeneration process were detected between the 'Igri' six-rowed mutant and any of their two-rowed isogenic lines. This suggests that row-type association with anther culture response in barley cultivars is due to the effect of a tight linkage with other genes directly responsible for androgenic response.Key words: androgenesis, barley, linkage, mutation, pleiotropy, vrs1 locus.

Genotype and Environment Strongly Influence Barley Anther Culture Response Using Australian Genotypes

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Logue ◽  
LC Giles ◽  
DHB Sparrow
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Donor Plant ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Anther Culture Response

A screening of several Australian barley cultivars of commercial interest has identified a number of genotypes that respond well to anther culture, with average levels of green plant regeneration between 23 and 134 plants/100 anthers cultured. Donor plant growth conditions have a large impact on anther culture response and, although optimal conditions for specific genotypes could possibly be identified, it is likely to be more effective for the production of large numbers of doubled haploids to settle for a broadly acceptable environment. Recent advances in methodology and the identification of responsive genotypes makes anther culture a feasible procedure for Australian barley breeding programs.

In vitro anther culture response in indica rice hybrids

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 891-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Mandal ◽  
A. K. Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Anther Culture Response

scholarly journals Machine Learning Technology Reveals the Concealed Interactions of Phytohormones on Medicinal Plant In Vitro Organogenesis

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascual García-Pérez ◽  
Eva Lozano-Milo ◽  
Mariana Landín ◽  
Pedro Pablo Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Pleiotropic Effect ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
In Vitro Organogenesis ◽  
Neurofuzzy Logic

Organogenesis constitutes the biological feature driving plant in vitro regeneration, in which the role of plant hormones is crucial. The use of machine learning (ML) technology stands out as a novel approach to characterize the combined role of two phytohormones, the auxin indoleacetic acid (IAA) and the cytokinin 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), on the in vitro organogenesis of unexploited medicinal plants from the Bryophyllum subgenus. The predictive model generated by neurofuzzy logic, a combination of artificial neural networks (ANNs) and fuzzy logic algorithms, was able to reveal the critical factors affecting such multifactorial process over the experimental dataset collected. The rules obtained along with the model allowed to decipher that BAP had a pleiotropic effect on the Bryophyllum spp., as it caused different organogenetic responses depending on its concentration and the genotype, including direct and indirect shoot organogenesis and callus formation. On the contrary, IAA showed an inhibiting role, restricted to indirect shoot regeneration. In this work, neurofuzzy logic emerged as a cutting-edge method to characterize the mechanism of action of two phytohormones, leading to the optimization of plant tissue culture protocols with high large-scale biotechnological applicability.

scholarly journals In-Vitro Study on Fermentation Characteristics of Different Hulless Barley Cultivar Flakes

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 438-443
Author(s):  
Kristīne Majore ◽  
Vita Šterna ◽  
Māra Bleidere ◽  
Sanita Reidzāne ◽  
Inga Ciproviča
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Starch ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Barley Cultivar ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Hulless Barley ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Unique Composition

Abstract Barley (Hordium vulgare L.) grain is an important food ingredient due to the presence of essential compounds like β-glucans, proteins, resistant starch, phenolic compounds etc. β-glucans are able to lower cholesterol level in blood plasma and the glycaemic index, to enhance lipid metabolism and to reduce the risk of colon cancer. Hulless barley cultivars are more suitable to the human diet, because the hulls can be easily removed, as well as minimal grain processing in food production contributes to the full benefit of the whole grain. Several studies show that hulless grains have a higher digestible energy, and they have higher protein content compared to hulled grains. Different cultivars have unique composition and physical properties. The hulless barley cultivars are less studied than hulled barley and oats. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fermentation characteristics of flakes of different hulless barley cultivars in vitro and to analyse the fermentation pattern of β-glucans and proteins. Samples of six hulless barley cultivar flakes with different β-glucan (4.17–6.59%), soluble dietary fibre (18.1–32.0%) and resistant starch (0.74–10.65%) content were boiled in water 10 min, and the obtained porridge samples were treated under in vitro fementation conditions. The concentration of fermented porridge solids as well as β-glucans and proteins was measured. The concentration of undigested solids varied from 38.3 to 61.0% depending on barley cultivar. The concentration of protein was not significantly changed, but β-glucan concentration was significantly decreased after in vitro digestion comparing to indigestible samples.

scholarly journals The effect of genotype on a barley scutella culture. Histological aspects

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halina Ślesak ◽  
Grzegorz Góralski ◽  
Helena Pawłowska ◽  
Barbara Skucińska ◽  
Marzena Popielarska-Konieczna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Morphogenesis In Vitro ◽  
Morphogenic Callus ◽  
The Individual

AbstractCereals are known to be recalcitrant to the induction of morphogenesis in vitro and the majority of the methods used are callus-mediated and species/genotype-dependent. In the present investigation, a method of morphogenesis induction from immature scutella of selected barley cultivars was used, and particular attention was paid to histology in the initial stages of the regeneration process in order to confirm whether it occurs directly or indirectly (via callus formation). The length of the period from inoculating scutella on the medium to obtaining plantlets depended on the cultivar and the individual scutellum of the barley and varied between 2.5–4 months. The regeneration efficiency and viability of barley scutella was revealed to be highly genotype dependent. The average number of regenerated plants per regenerating scutellum was highest in the case of cv Granal (3.7). A histological analysis of the cultured explants showed both non-morphogenic and morphogenic callus formation. Two types of indirect morphogenetic response were observed: organogenesis (shoot bud formation) and somatic embryogenesis. This is the first report concerning an analysis of in vitro regeneration from immature scutella of barley cultivars (Stratus, Ryton, Granal and Binal).

In vitro Regeneration of Four Ethiopian Varieties of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) using Anther Culture

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yifter ◽  
D.B. Sbhatu ◽  
F. Mekbib ◽  
E. Abraha
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Sesamum Indicum

In vitro regeneration of watermelon seed segments

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ameri ◽  
M. Lahouti ◽  
A. Bagheri ◽  
A. Sharifi ◽  
F. Keykha Akhar
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Watermelon Seed
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