Zooplankton Assemblages in the Ohio River: Seasonal, Tributary, and Navigation Dam Effects

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 1634-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Thorp ◽  
A. Ross Black ◽  
Kim H. Haag ◽  
John D. Wehr
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Lower Pool ◽  
Channel Morphology ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Ohio River ◽  
Low Head ◽  
Total Diversity ◽  
River Velocity

Ohio River Zooplankton were collected monthly or quarterly for 1 yr from littoral and pelagic (main channel) areas in three navigation pools (constricted and floodplain) with four intrapool locations (lower pool and above, below, and within major tributaries). Total densities were minimal (1.64/L) when discharge and turbidities peaked (December–April) but were relatively high otherwise (21.63/L). Seasonal rises in rotifer density preceded increases in cladocerans and copepods; rotifers were nearly twice as abundant as cladocerans and copepods. Diversity (species richness) was not correlated with temperature, velocity, or turbidity. Density was positively linked with temperature and negatively correlated with river velocity and turbidity. Diversities in littoral and pelagic areas were not different, but densities were higher nearshore (mostly copepods and cladocerans); rotifers were usually more common in the main channel. Neither proximity to low-head navigation dams nor channel morphology had detectable effects on zooplankton. Although total diversity and density were similar in tributaries and the main channel, rotifers were more abundant in tributaries, and the Ohio contained more cladocerans and copepods. Densities in the Ohio were greater below than above tributaries for rotifers and cladocerans but lower for copepods, primarily because of nauplii.

scholarly journals Impact of the Low Head Dam/Barrage on Fisheries – A Case Study of Giri River of Yamuna Basin (India)

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-138
Author(s):  
Harcharan Singh Rumana ◽  
Veliachamy Jeeva ◽  
Sudhir Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Habitat Heterogeneity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
River System ◽  
Western Himalayas ◽  
Diversity Pattern ◽  
Low Head ◽  
Longitudinal Stretch

Abstract Shannon’s diversity index H’ = pi log2 pi was calculated for 16 fish species. The index was resolved into its components, species richness and relative abundance, to determine which components played a larger role in the determination of diversity pattern. Changes in diversity were correlated with species richness (r), habitat heterogeneity, and hydrological regimes in a longitudinal stretch of 35 km along the river Giri, a major tributary of the Yamuna River system, in Western Himalayas. Abundance differs with change in habitat structures, habitat preference of fish species and water regimes. The decrease in diversity in the lower stretch of about 3-4 km upstream of the barrage was found to be associated with habitat fragmentation and as well as d/s with loss of biotic integrity of aquatic ecosystem due to water scarcity. Species richness was found to be maximum at upper and middle reaches (elevation 650-800 m, msl) of the river, whereas it was low in lower reaches. Change in water chemistry was also noticed at Jatan barrage-low head dam due to impoundment of river water. It is inferred that the regulation of water has an impact on species richness and relative abundance, and on habitat heterogeneity which has decreased due to the change in environmental condition.

scholarly journals Fish fauna of the Pelotas River, Upper Uruguay River, southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosilene Luciana Delariva ◽  
Mayara Pereira Neves ◽  
Gilmar Baumgartner ◽  
Dirceu Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Hydroelectric Plants ◽  
Total Species ◽  
Uruguay River

Abstract: The fish fauna of the Pelotas River, in the Upper Uruguay ecoregion of southern Brazil was inventoried. Samplings were performed quarterly between August 2013 and May 2014 at 14 sites in the Pelotas River and its tributaries, using gill nets of different mesh sizes, sein nets, cast nets and electrofishing. In total, 7,745 specimens were recorded, comprising 46 species, belonging to 13 families and five orders. Approximately 80% of the species belonged to the orders Characiformes and Siluriformes, as well as the families Characidae and Loricariidae, which included a greater number of species. Of the total species, 24% were endemic to the Upper Uruguay River, four were identified only at the genus level and none was considered non-native. Approximately, half of the 98 species previously recorded for the Upper Uruguay basin were also detected in this study. The tributaries of the Pelotas River exhibited different faunas with five exclusive species. Thirty species were present in both the tributaries and the main channel. In addition, higher species richness, as well as the presence of larger-sized species were observed in the main channel. Many of the species not restricted to the Upper Uruguay River have already been reported as part of the Taquari-Antas River fauna. However, the local biodiversity of this region is under several threats, such as land use and installation of small hydroelectric plants. These results highlight the importance of the conservation of plateau/upland rivers, especially in the Upper Uruguay ecoregion, which shows a peculiar fish fauna and endemism.

Effects of Water Transported Sediment on Corticolous Lichen Communities

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Beckelhimer ◽  
T. E. Weaks
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Ohio River ◽  
Small Stream ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Multivariate Technique ◽  
Lichen Community ◽  
Heavy Loads

AbstractThe spatial distribution of corticolous lichens was studied along Big Seven Mile Creek (Cabell County, West Virginia, U.S.A.), a small stream that was periodically inundated by floodwaters carrying heavy loads of sediment. Lichen communities located at 0, 1.0 and 1.5 km from the confluence with the Ohio River were compared using step-wise discriminant analysis, a multivariate technique. Of the physical factors tested, the results indicated that the sediment on the tree boles was the most important factor separating the three stations and bole heights. Species richness was established to be an important mensurational variable separating stations, bole heights, and parallel and perpendicular transects. Changes observed in lichen community structure are assumed to have resulted from microclimatic variation brought about primarily by sedimentation associated with flooding. Failure of the physical factors and biotic variables to separate tree bole aspects (faces of boles in respect to the stream) indicate that abrasion and current-induced exfoliation are not important factors affecting lichen communities in the study area. Corticolous lichens occurring along streams subject to periodic inundation may represent a useful indicator in studies of flooding, water quality, and/or sedimentation in watersheds.

Sampling effort needed to estimate condition and species richness in the Ohio river, USA

2008 ◽  
Vol 155 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 157-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Blocksom ◽  
Erich Emery ◽  
Jeff Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Ohio River

scholarly journals Composition and species richness phytoplankton in a subtropical floodplain lake: a long-term study

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jascieli Carla Bortolini ◽  
Vânia Mara Bovo-Scomparin ◽  
Aline Caroline Magro de Paula ◽  
Geovani Arnhold Moresco ◽  
Larissa Mozini Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Floodplain Lake ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Total Species Richness ◽  
High Contribution ◽  
Total Species

AIM: Phytoplankton species diversity in floodplain lakes is influenced by different conditions imposed by the hydrosedimentological regime of the main channel. This study evaluated the predictors of composition and species richness phytoplankton in the long-term scale, in a floodplain lake directly connected to the Paraná River. We hypothesized that species richness of the floodplain lake is directly related to the degree of connectivity with the main channel. METHODS: Quarterly samplings were conducted between February 2000 and March 2013 (except in 2001 and 2003), under the water surface of the pelagic zone of the lake. Data were analyzed with Spearman correlation, PCA, DCA, ANOVA and regression analysis. RESULTS: We identified 397 taxa with high contribution of rare species (72%). Chlorophyceans and diatoms were the most frequent groups. There was a trend of increasing of diatoms and decrease of cyanobacteria. The DCA showed differences in phytoplankton composition. The highest mean richness values were found in years with high number of days under potamophase. Significant differences between years were detected for total species richness and first axis of DCA. Regression analysis indicated that the predictors of species richness were Zeu and Zmax. CONCLUSION: The species richness phytoplankton of the floodplain lake is directly related to the level of connectivity with the main channel.

scholarly journals A checklist for the zooplankton of the Middle Xingu – an Amazon River system

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (3 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAC. Brito ◽  
M. Camargo ◽  
NFAC. Melo ◽  
RA. Estupiñan
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
River System ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Amazon River ◽  
Xingu River ◽  
Benthic Larvae

Abstract A zooplankton checklist is presented for the Middle Xingu River, based on surveys conducted at four sites in the main channel and two fluvial lakes. A total of 175 taxa are listed, including 141 rotifers, 20 cladocerans, and five copepods. Rapids presented the greatest species richness, with up to 124 taxa, while Ilha Grande lake had 70 taxa, the lowest number. Non-planktonic benthic larvae were recorded frequently in the samples.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Effects of Dramatic Changes in Runoff and Sediment on the Channel Morphology of a Large, Wandering River Using Remote Sensing Images

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhehui Xie ◽  
He Qing Huang ◽  
Guoan Yu ◽  
Min Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Channel Morphology ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Main Flow ◽  
Remote Sensing Images ◽  
Average Width ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Morphological Indices

The Yellow River (Huanghe River), which is the second largest river in China, has experienced dramatic changes in both runoff and sediment over the last 60 years. To quantify the effects on the channel morphology of the wandering reach on the Lower Yellow River (LYR), this study extracts morphological indices from Landsat imageries taken between 1979 and 2015. Over the dynamically adjusting complex channel-floodplain system, the spatial distribution of NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) is found helpful for identifying the wandering belt created by the frequent migrations of the pathways of the main flow, which are determined from the reflection of the sediment-laded water body in remote sensing images taken at low flows. The extracted results show clearly that the average width and area of the wandering belt over the entire study reach declined in a dramatic fashion between 1979 and 2000 and yet both varied respectively within very narrow ranges from 2000 to 2015. Although the number of bends increased significantly since the 1990s, the sinuosity of the pathways of the main flow remained almost unchanged. By combining the morphological indices extracted from the remote sensing images with field hydrological and geomorphological measurements, our regression analysis identifies that the width of the wandering belt changes at the highest degree of correspondence with the width/depth ratio of the main channel and the variations of both are related most closely to the average flow discharge and then to sediment concentration during the flood seasons. These implicate that a significant reduction of the magnitude of floods and sediment concentration is beneficial not only for making the main channel transit from a wider and shallower cross-section into a narrower and deeper profile but also for narrowing the wandering range of the LYR.

Diversity partitioning of a phytoplankton community in semiarid salterns

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raiane S. Costa ◽  
Joseline Molozzi ◽  
Luiz U. Hepp ◽  
Renato M. Rocha ◽  
José E. L. Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Strong Reduction ◽  
Diversity Partitioning ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Total Diversity

Salterns consist of a series of interconnected evaporators that form sectors in the salterns. Their operation generates an increasing saline gradient, which influences species diversity. The present study was conducted in three salterns, with the goal of evaluating the diversity partitioning of phytoplankton along the saline gradient. We identified 65 taxa; the species richness was similar among the salterns, with higher values occurring in initial sectors and a downward trend with increasing salinity. In the partitioning analysis, the α diversity contributed 33.8% of the total diversity. The diversity variance showed a strong reduction from the α to β1 (33.8–6.3%). At higher scales, the highest species richness was found between salt marshes; however, there was lower diversity and a decrease in similarity from the lower to the higher scale. Therefore, we demonstrated that the greater variance in phytoplankton richness was at higher scales.

scholarly journals Fishes of the Lower Lulua River (Kasai Basin, Central Africa): A Continental Hotspot of Ichthyofaunal Diversity under Threat

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
José J. Mbimbi Mayi Munene ◽  
Melanie L. J. Stiassny ◽  
Raoul J. C. Monsembula Iyaba ◽  
Tobit L. D. Liyandja
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Conservation Planning ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Shifting Agriculture ◽  
First Time ◽  
Fishing Practices ◽  
Destructive Fishing

The ichthyofauna of the Lulua River, a large right bank tributary of the Kasai River in central Africa, is among the most poorly documented in the Kasai ecoregion. To remedy this lack of knowledge, sampling was carried out between 2007 and 2014 along the main channel and in many tributaries. A total of 201 species distributed in 81 genera, 24 families, and 12 orders are reported from the lower reaches of the Lulua. The species richness reported in this study represents a substantially improved documentation of the Lulua ichthyofauna (historically estimated at only 79 species). Here, 129 species are recorded for the first time, bringing the total number of known species to 208. Among these, five have recently been described: Raiamas brachyrhabdotos Katemo Manda, Snoeks, Choca Manda, and Vreven 2018, Distichodus kasaiensis Moelants, Snoeks, and Vreven, 2018, Distichodus polli Abwe, Snoeks, Choca Manda, and Vreven 2019, Epiplatys atractus Van Der Zee, Mbimbi, and Sonnenberg 2013, and Hypsopanchax stiassnyae Van Der Zee, Sonnenberg, and Mbimbi 2015; numerous additional taxa are currently under investigation. Recognized here as a continental hotspot of ichthyofaunal diversity, the Lulua is under extreme threat from exploitation of forest products for building materials, deforestation for shifting agriculture and charcoal exploitation, destructive fishing practices, and mining, all of which are rapidly increasing in the watershed. The present study provides baseline documentation for use in conservation planning and future developmental projects in the Kasai ecoregion in general and Lulua River basin in particular.

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