A Brief Review of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) on the Occasion of the Formation of the North Pacific Marine Science Organization

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 2543-2550 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Marine Science ◽  
Cooperative Research ◽  
International Council ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Chemical Oceanography ◽  
Research Programmes ◽  
Marine Areas ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The North Pacific

Elements of the first 90 years of the North Atlantic organization the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) have been examined to illustrate its functions and some of its achievements. The 17-nation Council, founded in 1902 to deal with overfishing in northern European marine areas, now represents countries on both sides of the Atlantic. Its mandate is to promote marine science and provide advice on the rational use of marine living resources. To accomplish this it stimulates and coordinates cooperative research programmes in the biology of marine, anadromous, and catadromous species, mariculture, fisheries assessment, pollution, and physical and chemical oceanography.

scholarly journals Introduction to variability of the North Atlantic and its marine ecosystems, 2000–2009, the proceedings of an ICES/NAFO symposium held in Santander, Spain, 10–12 May 2011

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 697-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Wiebe ◽  
Bert Rudels ◽  
Steven X. Cadrin ◽  
Ken F. Drinkwater ◽  
Alicia Lavin
Keyword(s):  
International Symposium ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Upper Ocean ◽  
Marine Science ◽  
International Council ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Physical Changes

Abstract Wiebe, P. H., Rudels, B., Cadrin, S. X., Drinkwater, K. F., and Lavin, A. 2012. Introduction to Variability of the North Atlantic and its marine ecosystems, 2000–2009, the proceedings of an ICES/NAFO symposium held in Santander, Spain, 10–12 May 2011. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 697–702. An international symposium on decadal changes in the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) and North Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) regions of the North Atlantic from 2001 to 2009, jointly sponsored by ICES and NAFO, took place in Santander, Spain, from 10 to 12 May 2011. During the period covered by the symposium, the upper ocean warmed, particularly in temperate and Arctic–boreal regions, and there were major biogeographic shifts and changes in the phenology of the biota that appear to be related to the physical changes.

CYTOTAXONOMY OF SECTION PSAMMELYMUS OF THE GENUS ELYMUS

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 951-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wray M. Bowden
Keyword(s):  
Wide Distribution ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Taimyr Peninsula ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Hybrid Complex ◽  
Asiatic Species ◽  
The North Pacific

Comparative studies were made on the morphology of herbarium specimens and plot-grown plants of three species of Elymus L. in section Psammelymus Griseb. in Ledeb., namely, E. racemosus Lam., E. arenarius L., and E. mollis Trin. The three species were morphologically and geographically distinct. Elymus racemosus, a tetraploid species (2n = 28), occurs from Eastern Greece to Altai. Elymus arenarius is a Northern European species that is octoploid (2n = 56); it occurs in Iceland and has been introduced to the west coast of Greenland and widely separated localities in North America. Elymus mollis (2n = 28) has a wide distribution from the North Pacific coasts to Southern Greenland and rarely Iceland; it occurs in the Arctic from the Taimyr Peninsula to West Greenland. In E. mollis, there are three subspecies: (1) subsp. mollis including var. mollis f. mollis, f. simulans f. nov. and f. scabrinervis f. nov. and var. japonicus var. nov.; (2) subsp. villosissimus (Scribn.) Love; and (3) subsp. interior (Hultén) comb. nov. The Asiatic species, E. angustus Trin. and E. dasystachys Trin., are related to these three species. Elymus × vancouverensis Vasey appears to be an interspecific hybrid complex that originated from the hybridization of E. mollis var. mollis and probably E. triticoides Buckl., which is also tetraploid (2n = 28). In E. × vancouverensis, there are three nothomorphs: nm. vancouverensis (2n = 42), nm. californicus nm. nov. (2n = 42), and nm. crescentianus nm. nov. (2n = 28).

Tripartite Fisheries Conference

1952 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-341
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cooperative Research ◽  
Conservation Programs ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
The North ◽  
The Right ◽  
The North Pacific ◽  
Full Consideration

On October 23, 1951, it was announced that, following informal discussions regarding the North Pacific Fisheries, Canada, Japan and the United States had agreed to participate in negotiations for a North Pacific fisheries convention. The conference was held at Tokyo from November 4 to December 14, 1951. All three countries had expressed desires to conclude a fisheries convention: the United States, to safeguard its major conservation programs in the North Pacific, to provide the facilities for cooperative research and management of joint fisheries not yet covered by treaties, and to avoid friction between United States fishermen and those of other countries which threatened to increase with the expansion of Japanese fishing operations; Canada, to safeguard its conservation programs without complicating or restricting its participation in the exploitation of stocks of fish along the adjacent coasts of the United States or complicating its past fishery relations with the United States; Japan, to satisfy the terms of article 9 of the Treaty of Peace, to show its willingness to cooperate with other countries in fishery conservative programs, and to reiterate its claim to the right of Japanese fishermen to exploit stocks of fish anywhere on the high seas. The delegations, which were composed of representatives of industry in each of the three states as well as governmental representatives, spent most of the first week in explaining and answering questions with respect to certain conservation proposals which the United States had offered as a basis for the talks. The conference then turned to a consideration of the Japanese counterproposals and, on December 14, representatives of the three countries signed a document entitled “Resolutions and Request of the Tripartite Fisheries Conference” which expressed their mutual concern in the development and proper utilization of fish stocks in the North Pacific, recommended the adoption of a convention conforming to the draft agreed to by the conference, and recommended that, in negotiating with other governments in respect to problems similar to those covered by the convention, the contracting parties should give full consideration to the spirit and intent of the convention.

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