Hatchery Growth of Pure Strains and Intraspecific Hybrids of Juvenile Arctic Charr, Salvelinus alpinus (Canadian × Norwegian Charr)

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1109-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. E. de March
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Maternal Characteristic ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Intraspecific Hybrids

Growth parameters of 36 tank populations representing 23 full-sib families of Nauyuk and Norwegian Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) and both reciprocal hybrids were determined for 1 yr. Hatching success of families was a maternal characteristic. Mean weights of families at 30 d after swim-up were related to maternal effects as well as the general and specific combining abilities of the two strains, with the weight contribution of the Nauyuk parent(s) larger than that of the Norwegian. At 125 d after swim-up, the mean weights and coefficients of variation (CVs) in the four types of crosses were Nauyuk dam × Nauyuk sire, 2.05 g ± 20%; Nauyuk dam × Norwegian sire, 2.10 g ± 24%; Norwegian dam × Nauyuk sire, 1.91 g ± 26%; and Norwegian dam × Norwegian sire, 1.71 g ± 31%. After 125 d, the Nauyuk dam × Norwegian sire families showed superior growth, while the Norwegian dam × Nauyuk sire families grew slowly and developed large size variation. At 325 d, reciprocal effects were evident, and mean weights and CVs were Nauyuk dam × Nauyuk sire, 36 g ± 45%; Nauyuk dam × Norwegian sire, 43 g ± 48%; Norwegian dam × Nauyuk sire, 30 g ± 68%; and Norwegian dam × Norwegian sire, 38 g ± 36%. The largest individual fish in the experiment were hybrids.

Genetic, maternal, and tank determinants of growth in hatchery-reared juvenile Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus)

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 655-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. E. de March
Keyword(s):  
Egg Size ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Logistic Growth ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Change In The Mean ◽  
Factorial Mating ◽  
Unique Distribution ◽  
The Mean

The relative importance of genetic, maternal, and tank effects on the growth of juvenile Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) was examined in an incomplete factorial mating design (4 dams × 4 sires) with stock from the Fraser River, Labrador, Canada. Egg size and hatching success were related only to dams. Mean weights at 30, 75, and 125 days after swim-up, logistic growth curve parameters describing the change in the mean weight, and a measure of condition, all described within families, were significantly related to both dams and sires and were also correlated with each other. The early patterns of significant differences due to dams and sires changed after approximately 125 days. After this time the mean weights in tanks, although still increasing, became negatively correlated with their coefficients of variation (CV), which had changed only slightly with time. The magnitude of the CVs could not be attributed to specific parents. The changed patterns of differences in the means with time suggested that either (i) the social climate within tanks, measured as the CV, affected the growth of all fish even though they were neither crowded nor underfed, or (ii) an individual's ability to grow was dependent not only on its phenotype (initial weight) but also on its genotype, expressed only in data from sibs. These laboratory results may relate to unique distribution and fitness characteristics of natural Arctic charr populations.

scholarly journals Environmentally Modulated Repeat Evolution of Polymorphic Arctic Charr Life History Traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Grenier ◽  
Aslak Smalås ◽  
Runar Kjær ◽  
Rune Knudsen
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Age At Maturity ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sympatric Morphs

Sympatric Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L. 1758), morphs have flexible but repeated life history strategies tested across five Norwegian lakes. In several Scandinavian polymorphic Arctic charr populations differentiated by their diet and habitat use, a large littoral omnivorous (LO) morph commonly cooccurs with a smaller profundal spawning (PB/PZ) morph. A third, large piscivorous (PP) morph is also known to occur within a portion of Arctic charr populations in the profundal habitat along with the PB/PZ individuals. Life history traits, such as age at maturity, growth, and diet are known to differ among coexisting morphs. Notably, the PP morph was the longest morph with the oldest age at maturity while the PB/PZ morph showed the shortest lengths overall and youngest age with LO morph being intermediate in both traits. Growth parameters differed across all the morphs. When examining growth within morph groups, the LO morph was found to have different growth across all lakes, while similar reproductive investments and different energy acquisition patterns were seen within the PB/PZ and PP morphs. These results suggest repeat evolution in several life history strategies of reproductively isolated Arctic charr sympatric morphs, notably for the first time in the PP morph, while also highlighting the importance of the local environment in modulating life history traits.

Histomorphological changes in epidermal structure of juvenile Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.) subjected to sustained exercise

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2450-2455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørgen Schou Christiansen ◽  
Malcolm Jobling ◽  
Anil B. Amin ◽  
Hilde Ribe
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidermal Structure ◽  
Cell Layers

Groups of sexually immature juvenile Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.) were subjected to exercising regimes equivalent to either ~0.0 (control), 1.0, or 2.0 body lengths per second for 63 days. The effects of the different treatments on the epidermal structure of individual fish were examined. Epidermal thickness, measured in micrometres, did not vary between treatments, but fish exposed to a water current equivalent to 2.0 body lengths/s had increased numbers of epidermal cell layers compared with control fish. There were no differences in the numbers of mucous cells per millimetre of cell layer irrespective of the treatment employed, but the increase in the numbers of cell layers exhibited by exercised fish appeared to have resulted in an increase in the numbers of mucous cells per square millimetre of cross-sectional epidermal area (i.e., cell concentration). The superficial mucous cells were significantly larger in exercised fish than in control fish. There were no differences in the sizes of the underlying mucous cells among treatments. The variations in epidermal structure could not be ascribed to differences in individual growth parameters, but appeared to be a consequence of the different exercising regimes imposed upon the fish.

scholarly journals A brain and a head for a different habitat: Size variation in four morphs of Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus (L.)) in a deep oligotrophic lake

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 11335-11351
Author(s):  
Ana‐Maria Peris Tamayo ◽  
Olivier Devineau ◽  
Kim Præbel ◽  
Kimmo K. Kahilainen ◽  
Kjartan Østbye
Keyword(s):  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Oligotrophic Lake ◽  
Habitat Size

Impaired Swimming Performance of Acid-exposed Arctic Charr, Salvelinus Alpinus L.

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Hunter ◽  
E. Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Ventilation Rates

Abstract Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.) were exposed to five levels of acidity between pH 6 and pH 3.8. Swimming performance as determined by critical swimming speeds was 67.5 cm · sࢤ1 or 4.4 body lengths per second for untreated fish (pH 7.8). Performance declined sharply below pH 4.5; at pH 3.8 it was reduced by 35% after 7 days of exposure. Tailbeat frequencies and ventilation rates showed no dose-response effects. At swimming speeds between 20 and 50 cm · sࢤ1, ventilation rates at all levels of acidity were higher than at the control level.

scholarly journals A seasonal comparison of trace metal concentrations in the tissues of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) in Northern Québec, Canada

Ecotoxicology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1327-1346
Author(s):  
Mackenzie Anne Clifford Martyniuk ◽  
Patrice Couture ◽  
Lilian Tran ◽  
Laurie Beaupré ◽  
Nastassia Urien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Metal Concentrations

scholarly journals Genotyping Strategies Using ddRAD Sequencing in Farmed Arctic Charr (Salvelinus alpinus)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 899
Author(s):  
Fotis Pappas ◽  
Christos Palaiokostas
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Genomic Relationships ◽  
Low Coverage

Incorporation of genomic technologies into fish breeding programs is a modern reality, promising substantial advances regarding the accuracy of selection, monitoring the genetic diversity and pedigree record verification. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays are the most commonly used genomic tool, but the investments required make them unsustainable for emerging species, such as Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus), where production volume is low. The requirement to genotype a large number of animals for breeding practices necessitates cost effective genotyping approaches. In the current study, we used double digest restriction site-associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing of either high or low coverage to genotype Arctic charr from the Swedish national breeding program and performed analytical procedures to assess their utility in a range of tasks. SNPs were identified and used for deciphering the genetic structure of the studied population, estimating genomic relationships and implementing an association study for growth-related traits. Missing information and underestimation of heterozygosity in the low coverage set were limiting factors in genetic diversity and genomic relationship analyses, where high coverage performed notably better. On the other hand, the high coverage dataset proved to be valuable when it comes to identifying loci that are associated with phenotypic traits of interest. In general, both genotyping strategies offer sustainable alternatives to hybridization-based genotyping platforms and show potential for applications in aquaculture selective breeding.

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