Occurrence, Relative Abundance, and Size of Landlocked Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) Ammocoetes in Relation to Stream Characteristics in the Great Lakes

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1773-1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Young ◽  
J. R. M. Kelso ◽  
J. G. Weise
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Fishing Gear ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Stream Characteristics ◽  
Stream Substrate

The effect of 14 environmental variables on the occurrence of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) ammocoetes was examined in 73 tributaries of the Great Lakes. We successfully classified 86% of streams without lamprey and 90.5% of streams with ammocoete populations using discriminant analysis. Eighty percent of streams in a test data set were also successfully classified. The classification success was largely determined by differences in stream substrate characteristics based on the magnitude of canonical coefficients and contribution to the multivariate F-statistic. Streams with ammocoetes had significantly (P < 0.10) higher proportion of sand and a lower proportion of bedrock and clay than streams without ammocoetes. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) of ammocoetes collected with electro-fishing gear was also significantly related (P = 0.004) to the proportion of rubble, gravel, and clay. As well, we observed a significant (P < 0.01) positive relationship between conductivity and temperature with size of 2+ ammocoetes. Results indicate that it should be possible to develop predictions for the number of metamorphosing ammocoetes based upon differences in stream characteristics.

Classification of Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) Attack Marks on Great Lakes Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush)

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1989-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Everett Louis King Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Attachment Site ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Salvelinus Namaycush ◽  
Oral Disc ◽  
Field Assessment ◽  
Sea Lampreys

Criteria for the classification of marks inflicted by sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) into nine categories were developed from laboratory studies in an attempt to refine the classification system used in field assessment work. These criteria were based on characteristics of the attachment site that could be identified under field conditions by unaided visual means and by touching the attachment site. Healing of these marks was somewhat variable and was influenced by the size of lamprey, duration of attachment, severity of the wound at lamprey detachment, season and water temperature, and by other less obvious factors. Even under laboratory conditions staging of some wounds was difficult, especially at low water temperatures. If these criteria are to be used effectively and with precision in the field, close examination of individual fish may be required. If the feeding and density of specific year-classes of sea lampreys are to be accurately assessed on an annual basis, close attention to the wound size (as it reflects the size of the lamprey's oral disc) and character of wounds on fish will be required as well as consideration of the season of the year in which they are observed.Key words: sea lamprey, attack marks, lake trout, Great Lakes

Influence of Water Temperature on the Growth Rate of the Landlocked Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and the Associated Rate of Host Mortality

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1373-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Farmer ◽  
F. W. H. Beamish ◽  
P. F. Lett
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Instantaneous Growth ◽  
Exponential Decline ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Host Mortality

Groups of sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) of 10–90 g initial weight were held at temperatures of 1–20 °C for 30 days and allowed to feed ad lib. on white suckers (Catostomus commersoni). Increases in water temperature and in lamprey size caused the rate of host mortality to increase in agreement with observations that mortality in the Great Lakes is seasonal. Instantaneous growth rates were maximal at 20 °C for lampreys of 10–30 g, the optimal temperature for growth shifting to 15 °C for larger lampreys of 30–90 g. Growth rates were intermediate at 10 °C and lowest at 4 °C for lampreys of all size. Accordingly, host mortality increased with temperature over the 4–20 °C range. At all experimental temperatures, increases in lamprey weight were accompanied by an exponential decline in instantaneous growth rates, a phenomenon also observed for teleosts. Laboratory growth rates at temperatures of 5–15 °C were comparable to rates observed for lampreys in Lake Huron between April and November and agree with the observation that lampreys feed in deeper waters between April and June before moving to warmer, shallower waters during the summer when growth rate increases. Key words: sea lamprey, white sucker, host, temperature, growth, Great Lakes, mortality

Management inferences from a demographic analysis of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in the Laurentian Great Lakes

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Antonio Vélez-Espino ◽  
Robert L McLaughlin ◽  
Thomas C Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Laurentian Great Lakes ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Vital Rates ◽  
Population Growth Rates

We use matrix models incorporating uncertainty in values of life history traits and density-dependent survival to assess pest management strategies implemented by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission to control nonnative sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in the Laurentian Great Lakes. The primary method of sea lamprey control has been treatment of rearing tributaries with chemical lampricides, but release of sterilized males and deployment of migratory barriers and traps are important components of the management plan. Uncertainties in the effectiveness of alternative control remain, however. Our models demonstrated that the management target of reducing lampricide use by 20% while maintaining current levels of control could be achieved if alternative methods are used to suppress current lake-wide fecundity rates by 49%–65%, assuming equal lampricide efficiency on larvae and metamorphosing individuals, or by 42%–55% when lampricide mortality on larvae is assumed to be half of that on metamorphosing individuals. At current levels of lampricide use, reduction to 72%–88% of current fecundity rates is recommended to ensure long-term control of sea lamprey populations in the face of uncertainty in current estimates of population growth rates. New control options targeting additional vital rates, such as survival of the parasitic life stage, could further reduce reliance on lampricides while maintaining effective sea lamprey control.

scholarly journals Evaluating active genetic options for the control of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in the Laurentian Great Lakes

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1186-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald E. Thresher ◽  
Michael Jones ◽  
D. Andrew R. Drake
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Genetic Technology ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
International Consultation ◽  
Core Issues

For more than two decades the Great Lakes Fishery Commission has sought tactics to complement, and potentially replace, the use of barriers and lampricides to control sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in the Great Lakes, but thus far without success. This paper examines the potential of modern genetic technology to suppress these invasive populations. We identified six recombinant options that appeared to be moderately to highly feasible, most of which were judged by an expert panel as extremely low or low risk, and for which research and development was broadly supported by stakeholders. The two options judged to overall best combine high efficacy and low risks were a Mendelian “sex ratio drive” and genetically modifying a prey species combined with killing or sterilizing sea lamprey that fed on it. Core issues regarding use of genetic biocontrol in the Great Lakes include technical problems associated with maintaining a sea lamprey brood line, information gaps for most options, the extent of broader public support, and the extent and nature of national and international consultation required in making decisions about control options.

scholarly journals Changes in native lamprey populations in the Great Lakes since the onset of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.B. Neave ◽  
R.M.W. Booth ◽  
R.R. Philipps ◽  
D.A. Keffer ◽  
G.A. Bravener ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey

Observations on the opisthonephric kidney of the sea lamprey of the Great Lakes, Petromyzon marinus L., at various stages during the life cycle

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1313-1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Youson
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
The Other ◽  
Larval Life ◽  
Adult Kidney

The kidneys at all stages consist of renal corpuscles, tubules, and an archinephric duct. The kidney of the ammocoete does not contribute to the formation of the adult kidney for at transformation a new kidney is formed. Degeneration of kidney tissue occurs at four stages: in the anterior regions throughout larval life; in the entire ammocoete kidney at transformation; in the anterior regions throughout adult life; in the entire kidney during the spawning migration. Large quantities of amorphous material appear in the interstitium during anterior degeneration of the adult. The other stages involve necrosis followed by the invasion of phagocytes.

Olfactory-mediated stream-finding behavior of migratory adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lance A. Vrieze ◽  
Roger A. Bergstedt ◽  
Peter W. Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
River Water ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Anadromous Fish ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Sea Lampreys ◽  
Novel Strategy

Stream-finding behavior of adult sea lamprey ( Petromyzon marinus ), an anadromous fish that relies on pheromones to locate spawning streams, was documented in the vicinity of an important spawning river in the Great Lakes. Untreated and anosmic migrating sea lampreys were implanted with acoustic transmitters and then released outside the Ocqueoc River. Lampreys swam only at night and then actively. When outside of the river plume, lampreys pursued relatively straight bearings parallel to the shoreline while making frequent vertical excursions. In contrast, when within the plume, lampreys made large turns and exhibited a weak bias towards the river mouth, which one-third of them entered. The behavior of anosmic lampreys resembled that of untreated lampreys outside of the plume, except they pursued a more northerly compass bearing. To locate streams, sea lampreys appear to employ a three-phase odor-mediated strategy that involves an initial search along shorelines while casting vertically, followed by river-water-induced turning that brings them close to the river’s mouth, which they then enter using rheotaxis. This novel strategy differs from that of salmonids and appears to offer this poor swimmer adaptive flexibility and suggests ways that pheromonal odors might be used to manage this invasive species.

Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) Parasite-host Interactions in the Great Lakes

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 253-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Bence ◽  
Roger A. Bergstedt ◽  
Gavin C. Christie ◽  
Phillip A. Cochran ◽  
Mark P. Ebener ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Host Interactions

Bioenergetics Model and Foraging Hypothesis for Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 2159-2168 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Kitchell ◽  
James E. Breck
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Mortality Pattern ◽  
Bioenergetics Model ◽  
Host Mortality ◽  
Host Fishes ◽  
The Impact

A bioenergetics model for growth of lamprey during the parasitic phase was used to estimate food consumption by lampreys and the impact of lamprey feeding on host fishes. Estimates are evaluated by application to several Great Lakes case histories. Temperature and size-dependence of feeding and respiration were sufficient to account for growth dynamics. The model demonstrates that distribution of host fishes, by determining the thermal history of the lamprey, has important effects on lamprey life history and host mortality. Modeled lamprey growth and feeding rates, relative to size of the host, predict a strongly seasonal host mortality rate peaking in autumn. The predicted mortality pattern corresponds with that of independently derived data. Principles of optimal foraging theory applied to lamprey yield a hypothesis that predicts highest wounding and scarring frequencies at intermediate lamprey: host abundance ratios. A second component of the hypothesis predicts seasonal changes in these frequencies as lamprey size increases. Growth rates of lamprey and their host species plus wounding and scarring frequencies are more sensitive indicators of changing abundance ratios and lamprey effects than population changes resulting from predation by lamprey.Key words: sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus; model, bioenergetics, growth, consumption, fish mortality, Great Lakes

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