Groundwater–Surface Water Relationships in Boreal Forest Watersheds: Dissolved Organic Carbon and Inorganic Nutrient Dynamics

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Ford ◽  
Robert J. Naiman
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Total N ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Forest Watersheds ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Total P

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and inorganic nutrients (NH4-N, NO3-N, soluble total N, PO4-P, soluble total P, and Si) were measured in ground and surface waters in the Matamek River drainage network, Quebec, Canada. In general, concentrations of carbon and nitrogen were significantly higher in groundwater than in surface water (up to 340% for DOC and up to 700% for total N). No significant difference was detected for phosphorus whereas considerable variation occurred for silicon, with significantly higher groundwater concentrations at 50% of the study sites. We hypothesize that (1) groundwater is a source of DOC and nitrogen in these systems and (2) nutrients introduced through groundwater seepage are rapidly utilized via oxidative, biotic processes within the hyporheal zone or at the sediment–water interface.

scholarly journals Nutrient dynamics in water and soil under conventional rice cultivation in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1145
Author(s):  
Nguyen Vo Chau Ngan ◽  
Huynh Van Thao ◽  
Nguyen Dinh Giang Nam
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
Total N ◽  
Cultivation Practices ◽  
Synthetic Fertilizer ◽  
Total P

Background The evaluation of nutrient variability plays a crucial role in accessing soil potentials and practical intervention responses in rice production systems. Synthetic fertilizer applications and cultivation practices are considered key factors affecting nutrient dynamics and availability. Here, we assessed the nutrient dynamics in surface, subsurface water and soil under local water management and conventional rice cultivation practices in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Methods We implemented a field experiment (200 m 2) in the 2018 wet season and the 2019 dry season in a triple rice-cropping field. Eight samples of surface water, subsurface water (30–45 cm), and topsoil (0–20 cm) were collected and analysed during the rice-growing seasons. Results The results showed that N-NH 4+, P-PO 43- and total P peaks were achieved after fertilizing. Irrespective of seasons, the nutrient content in surface water was always greater than that of subsurface water (P<0.001), with the exception of N-NO 3-, which was insignificant (P>0.05). When comparing the wet and dry seasons, nutrient concentrations exhibited minor differences (P>0.05). Under conventional rice cultivation, the effects of synthetic fertilizer topdressing on the total N, soil organic matter (SOM), and total P were negligible in the soil. Higher rates of N fertilizer application did not significantly increase soil N-NH 4+, total N, yet larger P fertilizer amounts substantially enhanced soil total P (P<0.001). Conclusions Under conventional rice cultivation, N-NH 4+, P-PO 43- and total P losses mainly occur through runoff rather than leaching. While N-NO 3- loss is similar in surface water and subsurface water. Notably, nutrient content in soil was high; whilst SOM was seen to be low-to-medium between seasons. Future work should consider the nutrient balance and dynamic simulation in the lowland soil of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta’s paddy fields.

Dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen in the Western Black Sea

2007 ◽  
Vol 105 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 140-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh W. Ducklow ◽  
Dennis A. Hansell ◽  
Jessica A. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

scholarly journals Effect of carbon and nitrogen addition on nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide fluxes from thawing forest soils

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Haohao ◽  
Xu Xingkai ◽  
Duan Cuntao ◽  
Li TuanSheng ◽  
Cheng Weiguo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
Total N ◽  
Nitrogen Inputs

AbstractPacked soil-core incubation experiments were done to study the effects of carbon (glucose, 6.4 g C m−2) and nitrogen (NH4Cl and KNO3, 4.5 g N m−2) addition on nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes during thawing of frozen soils under two forest stands (broadleaf and Korean pine mixed forest and white birch forest) with two moisture levels (55 and 80% water-filled pore space). With increasing soil moisture, the magnitude and longevity of the flush N2O flux from forest soils was enhanced during the early period of thawing, which was accompanied by great NO3−-N consumption. Without N addition, the glucose-induced cumulative CO2fluxes ranged from 9.61 to 13.49 g CO2-C m−2, which was larger than the dose of carbon added as glucose. The single addition of glucose increased microbial biomass carbon but slightly affected soil dissolved organic carbon pool. Thus, the extra carbon released upon addition of glucose can result from the decomposition of soil native organic carbon. The glucose-induced N2O and CO2fluxes were both significantly correlated to the glucose-induced total N and dissolved organic carbon pools and influenced singly and interactively by soil moisture and KNO3addition. The interactive effects of glucose and nitrogen inputs on N2O and CO2fluxes from forest soils after frost depended on N sources, soil moisture, and vegetation types.

The effects of some grazed tropical grass-legume mixtures and nitrogen fertilized grass on total soil nitrogen, organic carbon, and subsequent yields of Sorghum vulgaris

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (24) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Jones
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nitrogen Treatments ◽  
Total Soil Nitrogen

Mixtures of some tropical legumes and Paspalum plicatulum (Michx) cv. Hartley, and stands of P. plicatulum were fertilized with urea at 100 and 200 lb nitrogen an acre a year, and were intermittently grazed by cattle over a period of four years. Soil analyses for organic carbon and for total soil nitrogen in the fourth year of the pasture phase revealed large treatment effects in three of the five replicates. These three replicates which were on a podsolic soil were lower in fertility than the remaining two on a latosolic soil. Soil nitrogen at the 0-3 inch depth in the high nitrogen treatment, and in two Phaseolus atropurpureus D.C. treatments was significantly higher than the control (P<0.05). Organic carbon at the 0-3 inch depth was significantly higher than the control (P<0.05) in the nitrogen treatments and in one of the P. atropurpureus treatments. For both soil nitrogen and organic carbon the Lotononis bainesii Bak. treatment did not differ from the control. There was no significant difference between treatments for soil nitrogen or organic carbon at the 3-6 inch depth though trends were similar to those at 0-3 inches. Organic carbon and nitrogen were closely correlated for all treatments at both depths, and there were no significant differences in the C : N ratio in any treatment. Yields of sorghum grown as a test crop after the pastures were significantly correlated with soil nitrogen values in the three low fertility replicates. A high correlation (r = +0.976) also existed between yields of nitrogen obtained in the pasture phase and test crop yields of nitrogen for all treatments except L. bainesii. Reasons for the apparent lack of improvement in soil nitrogen and carbon on the higher fertility replicates and for the poor test crop yields following L. bainesii are discussed.

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