Measures of Optimal Thermal Habitat and Their Relationship to Yields for Four Commercial Fish Species

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin C. Christie ◽  
Henry A. Regier
Keyword(s):  
Lake Trout ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Thermal Habitat ◽  
Lake Bottom ◽  
Morphoedaphic Index ◽  
North Temperate Lakes ◽  
Species Specific

Measures of thermal habitat space were developed by integrating, over time during the summer period, the amount of lake bottom area and pelagic volume with water temperatures within species' optimal thermal niches. These species' specific measures, thermal habitat area, THA (hectares per 10 d), and thermal habitat volume, THV (cubic hectometres per 10 d), were used as predictor variables in regression equations estimating the total sustained yield, SY (kilograms per year), of each of four commercially important species: lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush; lake whitefish, Coregonus Clupeaformis; walleye, Stizostedion vitreum vitreum; and northern pike, Esox lucius. One or both of THA and THV were strongly correlated with SY for each of the four species for a set of 21 large north-temperate lakes. Several other habitat variables were assessed with respect to species' SY: total lake area and volume, mean depth, total dissolved solids, and the ratio of the latter two as R. A. Ryder's morphoedaphic index. The various statistical results are interpreted with respect to the ecology of the four species.

The Morphoedaphic Index, a Fish Yield Estimator — Review and Evaluation

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 663-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Ryder ◽  
S. R. Kerr ◽  
K. H. Loftus ◽  
H. A. Regier
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Theory ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Fish Yield ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Changing Environments ◽  
Morphoedaphic Index ◽  
North Temperate Lakes ◽  
Fish Yields

The morphoedaphic index (MEI), a fish yield estimator, was historically reviewed and evaluated. Background papers leading to the development of the MEI were discussed, as well as more recent advances. The MEI was defined and its criteria for use examined. The significance of its components — total dissolved solids and mean depth — were explained. The MEI was compared with related models developed by other workers. The global range of the MEI was outlined as well as restrictions on its use. Sustained fish yields at different MEI values for various climatic regions were predicted. Several special applications of the MEI were described, including: prediction of angling yield in north-temperate lakes; prediction of commercial fish yield on a newly created reservoir; indicator of ecological stresses and changing environments; and contrasting responses to cultural eutrophication in the littoral and profundal zones of lakes. The implications of the MEI for ecological theory were explored, and its potential for future application in management was outlined.

Rapid Seafood Species Identification Using Chip-Based Capillary Electrophoresis and Protein Pattern Matching

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 1500-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin C Walker ◽  
Cheryl L Lassitter ◽  
Shannara N Lynn ◽  
Courtney B Ford ◽  
Kevin R Rademacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Protein Profiling ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
High Level

Abstract Authenticity is crucial to the seafood industry, as substitution and mislabeling have important economic, environmental, and food safety consequences. Toaddress this problem, protein profiling and softwarealgorithm techniques were developed to classify fishmuscle samples by species. The method uses water-based protein extraction, chip-based microfluidic electrophoresis (Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer) for the analysis of high abundance fish muscle proteins, and a novel data analysis method for species-specific proteinpattern recognition. The method's performance in distinguishing commercially important fish from commonly reported substitutions was evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy determinations with all three performance measures at >98% for commonsubstitutions. This study demonstrates that uncookedseafood products of commercially important species of catfish, snapper, and grouper can be rapidly distinguished from commonly substituted species with a high level of confidence. A tiered testing approach toseafood species verification by sequentially applying a rapid screening method and DNA testing is proposed to more effectively ensure accurate product labeling.

In Situ Determination of the Annual Thermal Habitat Use by Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Huron

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 347-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger A. Bergstedt ◽  
Ray L. Argyle ◽  
James G. Seelye ◽  
Kim T. Scribner ◽  
Gary L. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Namaycush ◽  
Lake Huron ◽  
Thermal Habitat

scholarly journals Volume and Aboveground Biomass Models for Dry Miombo Woodland in Tanzania

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezekiel Edward Mwakalukwa ◽  
Henrik Meilby ◽  
Thorsten Treue
Keyword(s):  
Basic Density ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Miombo Woodland ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Wood Basic Density ◽  
Biomass Models ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Brachystegia Spiciformis ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
Similar Site

Tools to accurately estimate tree volume and biomass are scarce for most forest types in East Africa, including Tanzania. Based on a sample of 142 trees and 57 shrubs from a 6,065 ha area of dry miombo woodland in Iringa rural district in Tanzania, regression models were developed for volume and biomass of three important species,Brachystegia spiciformisBenth. (n = 40),Combretum molleG. Don (n = 41), andDalbergia arbutifoliaBaker (n = 37) separately, and for broader samples of trees (28 species,n = 72), shrubs (16 species,n = 32), and trees and shrubs combined (44 species,n = 104). Applied independent variables were log-transformed diameter, height, and wood basic density, and in each case a range of different models were tested. The general tendency among the final models is that the fit improved when height and wood basic density were included. Also the precision and accuracy of the predictions tended to increase from general to species-specific models. Except for a few volume and biomass models developed for shrubs, all models hadR2values of 96–99%. Thus, the models appear robust and should be applicable to forests with similar site conditions, species, and diameter ranges.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Development of Canine and Human Osteosarcoma: A Comparative Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly M. Makielski ◽  
Lauren J. Mills ◽  
Aaron L. Sarver ◽  
Michael S. Henson ◽  
Logan G. Spector ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Bone Cancer ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Human Osteosarcoma ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Cellular Replication ◽  
Species Specific

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary tumor of bone. Osteosarcomas are rare in humans, but occur more commonly in dogs. A comparative approach to studying osteosarcoma has highlighted many clinical and biologic aspects of the disease that are similar between dogs and humans; however, important species-specific differences are becoming increasingly recognized. In this review, we describe risk factors for the development of osteosarcoma in dogs and humans, including height and body size, genetics, and conditions that increase turnover of bone-forming cells, underscoring the concept that stochastic mutational events associated with cellular replication are likely to be the major molecular drivers of this disease. We also discuss adaptive, cancer-protective traits that have evolved in large, long-lived mammals, and how increasing size and longevity in the absence of natural selection can account for the elevated bone cancer risk in modern domestic dogs.

scholarly journals Daytime depth and thermal habitat of two sympatric krill species in response to surface salinity variability in the Gulf of St Lawrence, eastern Canada

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Plourde ◽  
Ian H. McQuinn ◽  
Frédéric Maps ◽  
Jean-François St-Pierre ◽  
Diane Lavoie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Environmental Forcing ◽  
Coastal System ◽  
Thermal Habitat ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Salinity Variability ◽  
Species Specific

Abstract Plourde, S., McQuinn, I. H., Maps, F., St-Pierre, J-F., Lavoie, D., and Joly, P. 2014. Daytime depth and thermal habitat of two sympatric krill species in response to surface salinity variability in the Gulf of St Lawrence, eastern Canada. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 71: 272–281. We describe the response of acoustically determined weighted mean depth (WMD) of two sympatric species of krill, Thysanoessa raschii and Meganyctiphanes norvegica, to variations in surface salinity during summer in the Gulf of St Lawrence. In this coastal system, non-living particulates and CDOM carried by the freshwater run-off of the St Lawrence River and several large rivers have a strong impact on turbidity and light attenuance in the surface layer. The WMD of T. raschii and M. norvegica were significantly and positively related to surface salinity. However, M. norvegica was found deeper and in warmer water than T. raschii, and the latter had a steeper response to surface salinity. The species-specific relationships between daytime WMD and surface salinity enabled us to estimate both species regional and interannual variations in summertime temperature habitat during a 21-year period (1991–2011). The variability in daytime WMD resulted in significant inter- and intraspecific differences in the temperature experienced by adult krill that may impact development, growth, and reproduction. Our study illustrated the importance of considering species-specific responses to environmental forcing in coupled biophysical models that aim to explore the impacts of environmental variations on krill dynamics.

Fish diversity and biomass in northern Canadian lakes: northern lakes are more diverse and have greater biomass than expected based on species–energy theory

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasan Samarasin ◽  
Charles K. Minns ◽  
Brian J. Shuter ◽  
William M. Tonn ◽  
Michael D. Rennie
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Fish Diversity ◽  
Mining District ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Diamond Mining ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Fish

Biodiversity in northern Canada (north of 60°N latitude) is threatened, primarily by increasing resource exploitation and by climate change. Unfortunately, we have relatively limited knowledge of aquatic biodiversity for this region, making it difficult to develop suitable policies to manage these threats. Here we describe, quantify, and test hypotheses related to fish biodiversity and biomass in 37 lakes in a diamond mining district (the Barrenlands) in the Northwest Territories, Canada (64°N, 110°W). To estimate species richness and biomass of fish, we took advantage of exhaustive sampling and monitoring surveys conducted in the region and compared our northern estimates against estimates from southern Canadian lakes. We found that most of the 37 northern lakes contained two to four species, with the largest lake containing eight species. Salmonids dominated this system, with lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) being the dominant species in abundance and biomass. Comparative analysis with similar-sized southern Canadian lakes showed no significant difference in the slopes of species richness versus lake area curves. Surprisingly, total fish biomass distributions for northern, Barrenlands lakes were also similar to southern, Ontario lakes. Overall, our results suggest that Barrenlands lakes are important natural resources of Canada that should be conserved for the future. Under anticipated scenarios of climate change, these lakes may represent important refugia for coldwater fishes (e.g., lake trout) as habitats at the southern edges of their ranges become more limiting.

Molecular basis of species-specific expression of repolarizing K+ currents in the heart

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (4) ◽  
pp. H1641-H1649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Zicha ◽  
Isaac Moss ◽  
Bruce Allen ◽  
Andras Varro ◽  
Julius Papp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Delayed Rectifier ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
Delayed Rectifier Current ◽  
Mrna Concentration ◽  
Subunit Expression ◽  
Species Specific

There are important species-specific differences in K+ current profiles and arrhythmia susceptibility, but interspecies comparisons of K+ channel subunit expression are lacking. We quantified voltage-gated K+ channel (Kv) subunit mRNA and protein in rabbits, guinea pigs, and humans. Kv1.4, Kv4.2, and Kv4.3 mRNA was present in rabbits but undetectable in guinea pigs. MinK mRNA concentration in guinea pigs was almost threefold greater versus humans and 20-fold versus rabbits. MinK protein expression in guinea pigs was almost twofold that in humans and sixfold that in rabbits. KvLQT1 mRNA concentration was greatest in humans, and protein expression in humans was increased by ∼2- and ∼7-fold compared with values in rabbits and guinea pigs, respectively. The ether-a-go-go-related gene (ERG1) mRNA was more concentrated in humans, but ERG1 protein expression could not be compared across species because of epitope sequence differences. We conclude that important interspecies differences in cardiac K+ channel subunit expression exist and may contribute to the following: 1) lack of a transient outward current in the guinea pig (α-subunit transcription absent in the guinea pig heart); 2) small slow delayed rectifier current and torsades de pointes susceptibility in the rabbit (low-level minK expression); and 3) large slow component of the delayed rectifier current in the guinea pig (strong minK expression).

Diet of the harbour seal (Phoca vitulina vitulina) in the west and south-west of Ireland

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1517-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailbhe S. Kavanagh ◽  
Michelle A. Cronin ◽  
Mike Walton ◽  
Emer Rogan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Harbour Seal ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Hard Part ◽  
The Republic ◽  
A Site

Although the harbour seal (Phoca vitulina vitulina) is relatively common in coastal waters of the Republic of Ireland, it remains largely unstudied. Issues including potential interactions with coastal fisheries and the occurrence of phocine distemper virus outbreaks in 1988 and 2002 have highlighted the need to increase our knowledge of the ecology of these animals. The diet of harbour seals was investigated using a combination of approaches: hard-part analysis of scat contents and fatty-acid analysis. A total of 102 scat and 13 blubber samples were collected from two locations in Ireland and were analysed following standard methodologies. Results from scat analysis indicate that the seals are opportunistic, generalist feeders, and probably consume prey in relation to its availability. Eighteen prey species were identified, with sandeels (Ammodytidae spp.) constituting 55% of the prey items by number. Biomass of prey was reconstructed using otolith-length regression equations, with and without the application of digestion correction factors and sole (Solea solea) (16.1%), sandeels (15.2%), andTrisopterusspecies (12.4%) were found to be the most important species by weight. Rarefraction curves were used to determine prey species diversity on a sample site basis and we used accumulation curves to ascertain whether sampling was sufficient on a site basis. Sixty-four fatty acids were isolated from the blubber and analysis of the fatty-acid profiles revealed the possible influence of season, seal weight and sex on the seals' long-term diet. Some of the prey species recorded in the diet overlap with commercially and recreationally caught fish species in Ireland; however, there was little overlap with marketed size-ranges.

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