Ammonia-Caused Gill Damage in Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus): Confounding Effects of Residual Chlorine

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Mitchell ◽  
Joseph J. Cech Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Sewage Effluent ◽  
Histological Evidence ◽  
Municipal Water

Histological evidence failed to confirm that ammonia is a direct causative agent of gill hyperplasia, as previously believed, in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Levels of residual chlorine compounds, which are typical of charcoal-filtered municipal water or chlorinated sewage effluent, together with moderate ammonia levels caused severe gill hyperplasia. These results both question the validity of attributing gill tissue hyperplasia to ammonia alone by past investigations and emphasize the serious problem of obtaining contaminant-free water for aquatic toxicological studies.Key words: Ictalurus punctatus, channel catfish; ammonia, gills, chloramine, hyperplasia, water quality

Nitrification in an Aquatic Recirculating System

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 2025-2031 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Collins ◽  
J. B. Gratzek ◽  
E. B. Shotts Jr. ◽  
D. L. Dawe ◽  
Lucy M. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Bacterial Counts

Water quality changes during establishment and maintenance of nitrification in four 70-liter recirculating systems each containing 20 channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) (total weight 150 g) are described. Establishment of nitrification took 33 days. During establishment of nitrification, all catfish in the systems died. Death appeared to be related to nitrite concentrations greater than 2.5 mg/liter NO2-N. The pH declined with progressive nitrification. When the pH was less than 6.0, nitrification ceased. Within 2 wk of introducing the catfish, total bacterial counts stabilized at 106 organisms per milliliter. Counts of lactose fermenters and aeromonads fluctuated around 104 organisms per milliliter when fish were in the system and decreased markedly after the fish were removed. After establishment of nitrification, 40 channel catfish (total weight 100 g) were maintained successfully for 37 days.

A methemoglobin reductase system in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1511-1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Huey ◽  
Thomas L. Beitinger
Keyword(s):  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Rapid Recovery ◽  
Partial Explanation

A modified spot screening test for methemoglobin reductase (MHb reductase), indicated that this enzyme occurs in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. The presence of MHb reductase offers at least a partial explanation of the rapid recovery observed when catfish with profound nitrite-induced methemoglobinemia are placed in nitrite-free water.

scholarly journals Recirculation anaesthesia for laboratory fish

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Total Ammonia

An economic reliable long-term recirculation anaesthesia system for laboratory fish is described. Anaesthesia of channel catfish ( Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque) was induced within 60 s and was maintained for up to 40 min using tricaine methanesulphonate; recovery occurred within 30-60 s. Various surgical procedures were performed on the fish. No deaths were recorded. All water-quality parameters tested over 19 days use of the system remained stable except for total ammonia nitrogen and, by calculation, un-ionized ammonia which increased to a maximum of 0·23 mg/1.

Water quality and stocking density as stressors of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus Raf.)

Aquaculture ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 30 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 263-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heiner Klinger ◽  
Hartmut Delventhal ◽  
Volker Hilge
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Stocking Density
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document