Macroinvertebrate Colonization of Multiplate Samplers in the Ohio River: the Effect of Dams

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 1622-1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Beckett ◽  
Michael C. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Large River ◽  
Invertebrate Drift ◽  
Ohio River ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Freshwater Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Chironomid Species ◽  
Water Conditions ◽  
Sudden Reduction

We investigated the importance of contrasting current velocities on macroinvertebrate colonization in a large river, manipulating multiplate samplers placed upstream (slow current) and downstream (fast current) from a surface-release dam. Some samplers were colonized in solely fast-water or slow-water conditions while other colonized samplers were "switched" (with the original communities intact) to the opposite condition and subsequently collected either 1 d or 1 wk later. Experimental results confirmed observations from an earlier length-of-the-river study and showed that widely different communities become established on the samplers in the two contrasting flow conditions. An amphipod, Gammarus sp., colonized slow-water samplers in relatively large numbers while hydropsychid caddisflies dominated fast-water samplers. Gammarus sp. was found in only very small numbers in the fast-water samplers while the hydropsychids were almost completely absent from the slow-water samplers. Similar striking differences in current velocity preferences were exhibited by the congeneric chironomid species Polypedilum convictum (fast-water) and P. illinoense (slow-water). The transfer portion of the experiment demonstrated that a sudden reduction in current will cause large increases in invertebrate drift, regardless of whether the amount of living space changes.Key words: freshwater macroinvertebrates, colonization, current, invertebrate drift, impoundment effects, Ohio River

An initial assessment of bed destabilization risk past vegetation patches using instrumented particles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Xu ◽  
Valyrakis Manousos ◽  
Panagiotis Michalis
Keyword(s):  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Flow Structures ◽  
Clear Water ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Water Conditions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry ◽  
Patch Density ◽  
Vegetation Patches

<p>Instream vegetation may alter the mean and turbukent flow fields leading to destabilizing riverbed surface, under certain flow conditions. In particular, recent research on instream vegetation hydrodynamics and ecohydrogeomorphology has focused on how energetic flow structures and bulk flow parameters downstream a vegetation may result in riverbed destabilization. This study, demonstrated the application of a 20mm novel instrumented particle in recording entrainment rates downstream simulated vegetation patches of distinct densities, at various distances downstream these. A patch of 6mm acrilic cylinders is used to simulate the emergent vegetation having the same diameter (12cm) and different porosities or densities (void volume equal to 1.25%, 3.15%, 6.25%, 11.25%, and 17.25%). The flow velocity near the instrumented particle is recorded using acoustic Doppler velocimetry (ADV) with appropriate seeding, under clear water conditions. Preliminary results are presented with focus on the effect of vegetation patch density on the flow field and subsequent effects on particle entrainment rates and implications for bed surface destabilisation.</p>

Meiofauna constitute a considerable portion of invertebrate drift among moss-rich patches within a karst hydrosystem

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirela Perić ◽  
Tvrtko Dražina ◽  
Maria Špoljar ◽  
Ines Radanović ◽  
Biserka Primc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Invertebrate Drift ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Small Spatial Scale ◽  
Minor Influence ◽  
Drift Density ◽  
A Minor

AbstractAiming to establish the most frequent invertebrate taxa in drift at the small spatial scale within a moss-rich karst tufa-precipitating hydrosystem, we sampled drift among microhabitats differing in substratum type and flow conditions along a tufa barrier-cascading lotic reach. Additionally, we addressed the question of the contribution and the potential significance of meiofauna within the overall invertebrate drift at the small spatial scale. During the study period, a total of 60 invertebrate taxa were recorded in the drift. Six of these taxa belonged to the annelid/arthropod meiofauna and they represented 35% of total drift density. Macroinvertebrates found in drift were represented mainly by larval insects. The composition of the most abundant taxa in total drift was as follows: Alona spp. (Cladocera 26.7%), Riolus spp. (Coleoptera: Elmidae 13.2%), Simulium spp. (Diptera: Simuliidae 12.2%), Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta 10.4%), Hydrachnidia (6.3%), Orthocladinae (Diptera: Chironomidae 3.9%) and Naididae (Oligochaeta 3.6%). Faunal drift densities and amounts of transported particulate matter (PM) were highest at the fast-flowing sites located at the barriers and lowest at the slow-flowing sites within pools. Similarly to the seasonal amounts of transported PM, faunal drift was lowest in winter, and peaked in autumn and in late spring/early summer. Correlation between flow velocity and PM-faunal drift densities suggested a significant effect of the dislodged PM, though a minor influence of discharge and flow velocity on faunal drift. We suggest that the small-scale habitat heterogeneity and the respective feeding and refugial strategies of the fauna, as well as faunal passive dislodgement initiated by the shear forces of the flow were the most important drivers of observed drift patterns.

EVALUATING CSO IMPACTS ON THE OHIO RIVER: PROJECT OVERVIEW AND LARGE RIVER CASE STUDY

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 (11) ◽  
pp. 758-785
Author(s):  
Carrie Turner ◽  
Troy Naperala ◽  
Dave Dilks ◽  
Jason Heath
Keyword(s):  
Large River ◽  
Ohio River

scholarly journals Sedimentation of Irregular Shaped Microplastics Under Steady and Dynamic Flow Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Ming Dou ◽  
Pengju Ren ◽  
Bin Sun ◽  
Ruipeng Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Theoretical Formula ◽  
Water Density ◽  
Force Analysis ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Dynamic Flow ◽  
Migration Process ◽  
Settlement Rate ◽  
Irregular Shapes ◽  
Water Conditions

Abstract Because of different compositions, physicochemical properties and shapes in nature of the microplastics (MPs), their migration process in the environment is very different, which makes it difficult to predict the behavior trajectory. This article mainly studies the sedimentation law of MPs under static and dynamic water conditions. Four kinds of materials, respectively polystyrene (PS), Polyamide (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), about 1230 MP particles with irregular shapes are selected for sedimentation experiments. They are divided into three shapes: near-sphere, polygonal ellipsoid and fragment. The experimental results show that the near-sphere MPs settled at the fastest rate, followed by the polygonal ellipsoid MPs, and the fragmented MPs settled at the slowest rate. By the force analysis of MPs in the settlement process, and the theoretical formula of MP settlement rate with their shape, particle size, density and water density are obtained, which has better fitting degree.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Role of Large Floods in Riverine Nutrient Loadings Using Linear Regression and Analysis of Covariance

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddhartha Verma ◽  
Alena Bartosova ◽  
Momcilo Markus ◽  
Richard Cooke ◽  
Myoung-Jin Um ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Flow ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Large River ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Ohio River ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Nutrient Loadings ◽  
Daily Data

This study analyzes the role of large river flow events in annual loads, for three constituents and for up to 32 years of daily data at multiple watersheds with different land-uses. Prior studies were mainly based on simple descriptive statistics, such as the percentage of nutrient loadings transported during several of the largest river flows, while this study uses log-regression and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to describe and quantify the relationships between large flow events and nutrient loadings. Regression relationships were developed to predict total annual loads based on loads exported by the largest events in a year for nitrate plus nitrite nitrogen (NO3-N + NO2-N, indicated as total oxidized nitrogen; TON), total phosphorus (TP), and suspended solids (SS) for eight watersheds in the Lake Erie and Ohio River basins. The median prediction errors for annual TON, TP, and SS loads from the top five load events for spatially aggregated watersheds were 13.2%, 18.6%, and 13.4%, respectively, which improve further on refining the spatial scales. ANCOVA suggests that the relationships between annual loads and large load events are regionally consistent. The findings outline the dominant role of large hydroclimatic events, and can help to improve the design of pollutant monitoring and agricultural conservation programs.

From Catastrophe to Recovery: Stories of Fishery Management Success

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Federal Agencies ◽  
Ohio River ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Ohio River Valley ◽  
Aquatic Communities ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Sheer Size

<i>Abstract</i>.—Great river systems (>5,180 km<sup>2</sup> drainage area or >3,000 m<sup>2</sup> average annual discharge), due to their sheer size, wide variety of uses, and cross-jurisdictional watersheds, represent unique challenges for fishery managers. Multi-agency collaborations involving direct and consistent communication of all stakeholders, including government and nongovernment organizations, are essential for the successful natural resources management of these systems. Recovery of the severely degraded fishery of the Ohio River is an excellent illustration of the power of direct engagement of large numbers of stakeholders. The river and its tributaries were in such poor condition immediately after the industrial revolution that by the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the main stem had effectively become an industrial and municipal sewer rather than the beautiful stream it had once been. Important steps in the recovery of the system involved the creation of the Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission in 1948 and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 1970. Collaborations between these two entities and many other partners, including state natural resource and water quality agencies, other federal agencies, industry, academia, and nongovernmental organizations, coupled with the enactment of the Clean Water Act in 1972, have been responsible for improving the Ohio River from its lowest point in the 1930s to the thriving resource that it is today, sustaining upwards of 160 fish species. Threats still exist to the aquatic communities of the basin, and recent data sets show reasons that more work remains to be done to maintain this valuable resource.

Historical Changes in Large River Fish Assemblages of the Americas

2005 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
River System ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Large River ◽  
Smallmouth Bass ◽  
Ohio River ◽  
Micropterus Dolomieu ◽  
Wabash River ◽  
Spotted Bass

<em>Abstract.</em>—The present ichthyofauna (1965–2001) of the Wabash River system is compared to that of three periods: presettlement through 1820, 1875–1900, and 1940– 1950. This second largest Ohio River tributary flows freely for 350 mi. However, its environment and watershed have been altered greatly from presettlement times; twothirds has been converted to agriculture, eliminating all prairies and most forests and wetlands. Canals, large and small dams, channelization, and effluents have extinguished 12 fish species, diminished some, and favored others. Thirteen of approximately 175 species are recent, including 3 aliens. Better municipal and industrial waste treatment has improved water quality, but excessive agricultural runoff remains detrimental to many fishes. Degraded habitats exacerbate these problems. Many sensitive species are today either absent or severely reduced in distribution and abundance compared to 50 years ago. Smallmouth bass <em>Micropterus dolomieu </em>has been replaced by largemouth bass <em>M. salmoides </em>or spotted bass <em>M. punctulatus, </em>and few visual piscivores occur except near reservoirs.

Feeding Ecology of the Sauger (Stizostedion canadense) in a Large River

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Wahi ◽  
Larry A. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Large River ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ohio River ◽  
Dorosoma Cepedianum ◽  
Aplodinotus Grunniens ◽  
Stizostedion Canadense ◽  
Annual Period

In stomachs of 550 sauger (Stizostedion canadense) collected by gillnetting in the Ohio River during June 1980 through August 1981, Dorosoma cepedianum were the most abundant prey (42% of all identified prey), followed by Notropis atherinoides (28%), Aplodinotus grunniens (16%), and Ictalurus punctatus (12%). Annual food consumption of sauger averaged 1.1% of the body weight per day. Growth and daily ration followed similar patterns, being high from September to January (maximum in October) and low from March to August. Rapid growth and high food consumption throughout fall and early winter were related to an extended period of high temperatures and increased availability of Dorosoma cepedianum. The annual period of growth and food consumption was longer and peaked later in the year in the river than those previously observed in other types of aquatic systems.

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