Bacterial Distributions in Lake Erie (1967, 1970)

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 574-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Rao ◽  
B. K. Burnison
Keyword(s):  
Lake Erie ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Grand River ◽  
Cleveland Ohio

Distribution of heterotrophic and coliform bacteria in Lake Erie is a first step in determining the importance of bacteria in the lake. The abundance of these organisms was greatest in the Western basin. Offshore bacterial densities from the Central and Eastern basins were lower than the inshore areas. Detroit River, Grand River (Ontario), and the areas close to Erie, Pennsylvania and Cleveland, Ohio showed the highest bacterial densities throughout the study periods.

Distribution and Dispersal of the Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) in the Great Lakes Region

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 1381-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Griffiths ◽  
Donald W. Schloesser ◽  
Joseph H. Leach ◽  
William P. Kovalak
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Dreissena Polymorpha ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
High Fecundity ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Niagara River ◽  
Nuisance Species ◽  
Small Mussel

Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas), a small mussel common throughout most of Europe, was discovered in June of 1988 in the southern part of Lake St. Clair. Length–frequency analyses of populations from the Great Lakes and review of historical benthic studies suggest that the mussel was introduced into Lake St. Clair in late 1986, probably as a result of the discharge of ballast water from an ocean-crossing vessel. Following the 1990 reproductive season, Dreissena populations ranged from the head of the St. Clair River, through Lake St. Clair, the Detroit River, Lake Erie, the Welland Canal, and the Niagara River to the western basin and southern shoreline of Lake Ontario. Isolated populations were found in the St. Lawrence River and in harbours in Lakes Huron, Michigan, and Superior. The rapid dispersal of this organism has resulted from its high fecundity, pelagic larval stage, bysso-pelagic drifting ability of juveniles, and human activities associated with commercial shipping, fishing, and boating (research and pleasure). Virtually any waterbody that can be reached by boaters and fisherman within a few days travel of the lower Great Lakes, particularly Lake Erie, seems to be at risk of being invaded by this nuisance species.

Mercury in the Surficial Sediments of Lake Erie

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Thomas ◽  
J.-M. Jaquet
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Central Basin ◽  
Surficial Sediments ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
Eastern Basin ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Mercury Cell ◽  
Mercury Loading

In 259 samples of the topmost 3 cm of sediment taken from Lake Erie in 1971, total mercury values ranged from 8 to 2929 ppb [Formula: see text]. The highest levels were in the Western basin adjacent to the Detroit River, the rest of the lake showing increasing concentration from the coarser sediments of the Inshore Zone and cross-lake moraine sills out into the basin muds. A quartz correction was applied to compensate for texture and dilution by an inert constituent. The distribution of quartz-corrected mercury confirmed that the Detroit River is the predominant source of industrial mercury to the Western basin with subsequent transport across the Central basin to final sink in the Eastern basin. Further possible inputs were indicated from Erie, Pennsylvania and Buffalo, New York. Analysis of suspended sediment in the Detroit River showed no change in concentration between 1970 and 1974 with a mean 1974 level of 1060 ppb. Mercury loading was estimated at 7.2 m.t./yr to the sediments of the Western basin. A relationship was observed between total mercury and organic carbon, showing two distinct regressions: ’A’ with lower organic-bound mercury, is taken to represent the levels related to industrial and natural loadings existing prior to the introduction of mercury cell chlor-alkali plants; ’B’ applicable to highly contaminated sediments, is believed to be indicative of loadings derived from the chlor-alkali industry.

scholarly journals Methane and nitrous oxide measured throughout Lake Erie over all seasons indicate highest emissions from the eutrophic Western Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1604-1614
Author(s):  
Julianne M. Fernandez ◽  
Amy Townsend-Small ◽  
Arthur Zastepa ◽  
Susan B. Watson ◽  
Jay A. Brandes
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Western Basin

scholarly journals Elevated Incidences of Antimicrobial Resistance and Multidrug Resistance in the Maumee River (Ohio, USA), a Major Tributary of Lake Erie

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 911
Author(s):  
Maitreyee Mukherjee ◽  
Leah Marie ◽  
Cheyenne Liles ◽  
Nadia Mustafa ◽  
George Bullerjahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Industrial Water ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Major Tributary ◽  
Very High

Maumee River, the major tributary in the western basin of Lake Erie, serves as one of major sources of freshwater in the area, supplying potable, recreational, and industrial water. In this study we collected water samples from four sites in the Maumee River Bay between 2016–2017 and E. coli was isolated, enumerated, and analyzed for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and multidrug resistance (MDR). Strikingly, 95% of the total isolates were found to be resistant to at least one antibiotic. A very high resistance to the drugs cephalothin (95.3%), ampicillin (38.3%), tetracycline (8.8%), gentamicin (8.2%), ciprofloxacin (4.2%), cefoperazone (4%), and sulfamethoxazole (1.5%) was observed within isolates from all four sampling sites. Percentages of AMR and MDR was consistently very high in the summer and fall months, whereas it was observed to be lowest in the winter. A remarkably high number of the isolates were detected to be MDR—95% resistant to ≥1 antibiotic, 43% resistant to ≥2 antibiotics, 15% resistant to ≥3 antibiotics, 4.9% resistant to ≥4 antibiotic and 1.2% resistant to ≥5 antibiotics. This data will serve in better understanding the environmental occurrence and dissemination of AMR/MDR in the area and assist in improving and establishing control measures.

Organic contaminants in submersed macrophytes drifting in the Detroit River

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 2417-2427 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Lovett-Doust ◽  
L Lovett-Doust ◽  
M Biernacki ◽  
T K Mal ◽  
R Lazar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
Submersed Macrophytes ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Aquatic Food ◽  
Time Of Year

Macrophytes drifting in the Detroit River were sampled and analysed for contaminants at monthly intervals from September 1990 to September 1991. Twelve species of submersed macrophytes were identified, as well as algae and leaves of terrestrial plants. Drifting plant debris was greatest in August-September, when Potamogeton spp. and Najas sp. predominated. Over the study period, a total of 60.57 times 106 kg fresh mass (3.0285 times 106 kg ash-free dry mass) of plant debris drifted out of Lake St. Clair into the Detroit River annually. Organochlorine content differed between plant taxa and according to the time of year. Annual contaminant burden of the Detroit River by upriver contributions was carried mostly by Potamogeton spp. and Najas sp. Total annual load of organochlorines in drifting plant debris was estimated to be 155 g, including 124 g of PCBs. These bioavailable contaminants may enter the detrital compartment of aquatic food webs, following plant senescence, or may be taken up directly by herbivores. Contaminants associated with plant debris drifting from Lake St. Clair and the Detroit River contribute a significant burden of bioavailable organic contaminants to the western basin of Lake Erie.

scholarly journals Does behavioural thermoregulation underlie seasonal movements in Lake Erie walleye?

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham D. Raby ◽  
Christopher S. Vandergoot ◽  
Todd A. Hayden ◽  
Matthew D. Faust ◽  
Richard T. Kraus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Erie ◽  
Seasonal Migration ◽  
Central Basin ◽  
Behavioural Thermoregulation ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
Eastern Basin ◽  
Temperature Records ◽  
Thermal Preferences

Thermoregulation is presumed to be a widespread determinant of behaviour in fishes, but has not often been investigated as a mechanism shaping long-distance migrations. We used acoustic telemetry and animal-borne thermal loggers to test the hypothesis that seasonal migration in adult walleye (Sander vitreus) in Lake Erie is size- and (or) sex-specific and related to behavioural thermoregulation. Female walleye migrated out of the warm, shallow western basin earlier than did males and were 1.8 times more likely to be detected on acoustic receivers in the deeper and cooler eastern basin. The few fish that remained in the western basin were restricted to a smaller range of higher temperatures (≥20 °C) than those that migrated to the central and eastern basins (∼16–21 °C). However, temperature records from walleye in the central basin were nearly indistinguishable from those in the eastern basin, suggesting thermal preferences alone could not explain migration to the eastern basin. As such, our effort to understand the mechanisms that cause migratory behaviours has generated mixed evidence on the role of temperature and that factors like foraging opportunities may have synergistic roles in the migration.

scholarly journals Detoured flight direction responses along the southwest coast of Lake Erie by night-migrating birds

The Auk ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
David V Gesicki ◽  
Erica L Cech ◽  
Verner P Bingman
Keyword(s):  
Lake Erie ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Infrared Observations ◽  
The North ◽  
Flight Direction ◽  
Breeding Grounds ◽  
Topographical Feature ◽  
Migrating Birds

Abstract Migratory birds encounter the Great Lakes while moving through eastern North America toward breeding grounds to the North, which offers a good opportunity to study variation in migratory behavior as birds face a potentially influencing topographical feature. Using passive infrared technology, we documented the direction of relatively low-flying, nocturnal, mostly passerine migration in spring along the southern coast of Lake Erie’s western basin. We examined the extent to which spring migrants flew across Lake Erie as a continuation of the inland, northeasterly broad front migratory direction, as determined by weather radar and infrared observations, or displayed a tendency to deviate to more closely follow the direction of the coastline. We found that an estimated 62% of all low-flying migrants deviated their flight directions toward the coast of Lake Erie at 2 coastal sites, Cedar Point and Ottawa, which were characterized by northwest–southeast oriented coastlines. Migrants at a third coastal location, Maumee Bay, which has a more east–west oriented coastline, did not display similarly deviated flight directions. We found that even when winds were energetically favorable for a lake crossing, many migrants still routinely displayed deviated flight directions that approached paralleling the coastline. Further, the mean flight direction at one site, Ottawa, shifted more in the direction of the coastline as the night progressed, suggesting that time of night could influence the shift to a more coastal flight direction. The data indicate that the western basin of Lake Erie acts as a salient topographical feature influencing the flight directions of nocturnal migrants. The data further suggest that birds are making active decisions while in flight, based on current environmental and physiological conditions, about whether to continue to cross Lake Erie or take a coastal detour.

Modelling the Pathways of Toxic Contaminants in the St. Clair-Detroit River System Using the Toxfate Model: The Fate of Perchloroethylene

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efraim Halfon
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
River System ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Local Water

Abstract Perchloroethylene (PERC) is a heavier-than-water, soluble and volatile solvent used primarily in the dry cleaning business. Black puddles (popularly known the the “blob”), containing several contaminants inducing PERC, were reported in the St. Clair River bottom sediments downstream from Sarnia in 1984 and in 1985. The TOXFATE model is used to predict the fate of PERC and the relative importance of volatilization in relation to water transport. Simulations show that in the St. Clair-Detroit River system about 82% (78-87%). under a variety of temperature and wind conditions) of the PERC loading is volatilized, about 17% (12-21%) of loading enters Lake Erie (more in winter, less in summer) and only about 1% remains in the system. The residence half life of PERC being transported in the water from Sarnia to Lake Erie is 350-400 hours and the half life of PERC being volatilized is 80-85 hours. A sensitivity analysis shows the importance of knowing the daily loadings to compute, in real time, local water concentrations following a PERC spill. The high water levels in the St. Clair River system do not influence the fate of PERC. Given the high volatility of PERC low temperatures and wind speeds do not reduce significantly the rate of removal of PERC from the system through volatilize nation.

scholarly journals St. Clair-Detroit River system: Phosphorus mass balance and implications for Lake Erie load reduction, monitoring, and climate change

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Scavia ◽  
Serghei A. Bocaniov ◽  
Awoke Dagnew ◽  
Colleen Long ◽  
Yu-Chen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
River System ◽  
Load Reduction ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Phosphorus Mass Balance
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