Parasites of Freshwater and Anadromous Fishes from Matamek River System, Quebec

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1135-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Hanek ◽  
Kalman Molnar
Keyword(s):  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
River System ◽  
Anguilla Rostrata ◽  
Osmerus Mordax ◽  
Pungitius Pungitius ◽  
Apeltes Quadracus ◽  
Catostomus Catostomus

In 224 fish of nine species from Matamek River system 38 genera of parasites were recovered (12 Protozoa, 3 Monogenea, 6 Digenea, 6 Cestoda, 6 Nematoda, 2 Acanthocephala, 3 Copepoda). Six genera of parasites were noted in Salmo salar, Salvelinus fontinalis harbored 17 genera, S. alpinus 5 genera, Osmerus mordax 4 genera, Anguilla rostrata 9 genera, Catostomus catostomus 8 genera, Apeltes quadracus 1 genus, Gasterosteus aculeatus 12 genera, and Pungitius pungitius 9 genera.

Seasonal Depth Distributions of Landlocked Atlantic Salmon, Brook Trout, Landlocked Alewives, and American Smelt in a Small Lake

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1656-1661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert T. Lackey
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Osmerus Mordax ◽  
Alosa Pseudoharengus ◽  
Lake Bottom ◽  
Depth Distributions

Seasonal depth distributions of landlocked Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), landlocked alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus), and American smelt (Osmerus mordax) were determined monthly in Echo Lake, Maine, using vertical and horizontal gillnets.Salmon were wide-ranging fish, but generally not captured in very shallow or very deep water. Brook trout were primarily an inshore species, not often captured in water deeper than 25 ft, and nearly always found close to the lake bottom. The majority of captured alewives were taken from shallow to middepths (0–30 ft) in summer and fall and in deep water during winter and spring. Smelts were widely distributed, but the majority were captured in water deeper than 30 ft every month.No clear temperature or dissolved oxygen preference could be shown for any of the four species.

Distribution of Insular Fishes of Sable Island, Nova Scotia

1969 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1390-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Garside
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Fundulus Heteroclitus ◽  
Anguilla Rostrata ◽  
Pungitius Pungitius ◽  
Brackish Waters ◽  
Apeltes Quadracus

Collections of fishes from the several bodies of fresh and brackish waters on Sable Island, Nova Scotia (60°06′W, 43°56′N), were composed variously of four euryhaline species: Fundulus heteroclitus (Cyprinodontidae), Gasterosteus wheatlandi, Apeltes quadracus, and Pungitius pungitius (Gasterosteidae). Sight records are reported for Anguilla rostrata (Anguillidae).

Evidence for differential predation on an estuarine stickleback community

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 2394-2395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérard J. FitzGerald ◽  
Jean-Denis Dutil
Keyword(s):  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Pungitius Pungitius ◽  
Lawrence Estuary ◽  
Nycticorax Nycticorax ◽  
Nest Sites ◽  
Differential Predation ◽  
Apeltes Quadracus ◽  
Breeding Grounds ◽  
Night Heron ◽  
St Lawrence Estuary

The diet of the black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) feeding in June and July along the southern shore of the St. Lawrence Estuary was composed primarily of the threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus. Three other sticklebacks, G. wheatlandi, Pungitius pungitius, and Apeltes quadracus occur in areas where the birds feed but were not eaten. It is suggested that differential predation on G. aculeatus may diminish interspecific competition for nest sites where the four stickleback species co-occur on the breeding grounds.

Population sizes of metazoan parasites of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in a small Newfoundland lake

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Cone ◽  
P. M. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Almost All

The metazoan parasite community of fishes (Salvelinus fontinalis, Salmo salar, Gasterosteus aculeatus) in a small lake in central Newfoundland, Canada, was studied. It consisted of three components: parasites of salmonids (Salmincola spp., Discocotyle sagittata, Apophallus imperator, Diplostomum sp., Tetracotyle sp. 1, Cystidicoloides tenuissima, Eubothrium salvelini, Diphyllobothrium sp., glochidia), parasites of sticklebacks (Gyrodactylus avalonia, Tetracotyle sp. 2, Shistocephalus solidus), and parasites shared by salmonids and sticklebacks (Ergasilus sp., Metechinorhynchus lateralis, Crepidostomum farionis). Population estimates were made of the salmonid fishes by the Schnabel mark–recapture method. By multiplying infection prevalence × intensity × number of fish, population estimates were obtained for each species of salmonid parasite. This information revealed that S. fontinalis carries almost all of the salmonid parasite populations and that the seaward migration of S. salar at 2–5 years of age is an insignificant loss to the parasite community. It also revealed that the majority of the population of C. tenuissima, M. lateralis, and Ergasilus sp. is carried by the more abundant small fishes, while the majority of the population of D. sagittata, A. imperator, Tetracotyle sp. 1, and S. edwardsii is carried by the less abundant large hosts. Possible reasons for these two distributions are discussed.

The glochidia of certain Unionidae (Mollusca) in Nova Scotia and their fish hosts

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Wiles
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Pungitius Pungitius ◽  
Apeltes Quadracus ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Fish Hosts ◽  
Nova Scotian

Morphological and morphometric comparisons among adult and glochidial unionids from two Nova Scotian locations showed that Anodonta implicata, A. cataracta cataracta, A. c. fragilis, Elliptio complanatus, and Lampsilis radiata radiata were present. Gravidity studies suggested that fully developed glochidia occur from September to May in Anodonta marsupia, for only 5–6 weeks in June and July in E. complanatus, and perhaps at least from spring to early fall in L. r. radiata. Seven of 12 fish species sampled bore glochidia, which were identified in five host species by comparisons of their shapes and dimensions with those of glochidia from adult clams. Results were as follows: A. c. cataracta in Catostomus commersoni in June only, A. implicata or A. c. cataracta in Gasterosteus aculeatus in May and June, Anodonta sp. in Apeltes quadracus and Pungitius pungitius in June, and E. complanatus in Fundulus diaphanus in June and July. Thus, no relationships between gravidity periods of adult clams and infestation periods of their fish hosts by their glochidia were evident for species of Anodonta.

The Trout Population of a Nova Scotia Lake as Affected by Habitable Water, Poisoning of the Shallows and Stocking

1955 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 618-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Hayes ◽  
D. A. Livingstone
Keyword(s):  
Standing Crop ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Osmerus Mordax ◽  
Semotilus Atromaculatus ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Lake Volume ◽  
Trout Population

A stocking, partial-poisoning and creel census experiment was carried out on a stratified lake in an effort to increase the crop of speckled trout, Salvelinus fontinalis. Except for a single year in which adult trout were planted, a negligible proportion of the introduced trout was recaptured. Application annually for five years of about one-half part per million of derris dust to the three-meter zone of the lake during summer stratification produced a heavy kill of coarse fish without harming the trout. Shiner, Notemigonus crysoleucas, perch, Perca flavescens and chub, Semotilus atromaculatus were eliminated from the lake. Sucker, Catostomus commersoni, was drastically reduced. Killifish, Fundulus diaphanus, and eel, Anguilla bostoniensis, were not appreciably reduced, despite large annual kills. Smelt, Osmerus mordax, stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, and trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, were killed in very small numbers during one or more poisoning years.Three independent estimates of the effect of the experiment upon the trout production of the lake are put forward: (a) The decrease in mass of the fish competing with trout for food, when calculated from the annual kills, amounts to 40 kg. The pre-poisoning mass of trout was 85 kg., calculated from a capture-recapture census. Thus if trout replaced its competitors quantitatively, the standing crop of trout would be increased to 150%. (b) The volume-time of water (i.e. percentage of the lake volume multiplied by the fraction of a year) which would be made available to trout by removing competitors from the part of the lake where summer temperature conditions would limit trout to between 50 and 100% of their full activity is calculated. If trout occupied this volume-time at the same density as they did the more favourable water, the standing crop of trout would be increased to 240%. (c) The total yield of the lake to anglers showed a steady increase following poisoning, to about 230% of the control value, or from less than one pound per acre to nearly two pounds per acre. These three estimates agree very well, considering the errors inherent in the method.

Summer ichthyoplankton communities of two estuarine systems of Prince Edward Island

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Johnston ◽  
M. Morse
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Larval Fish ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
River System ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Osmerus Mordax ◽  
Alosa Pseudoharengus ◽  
Atlantic Mackerel

Fish eggs and (or) larvae representing 22 species in 14 families were collected during the summer of 1983 at eight stations in the Hillsborough River estuary – Northumberland Strait area and three stations in the Tracadie Bay – Gulf of St. Lawrence region. Of the 62 287 eggs collected, 83.5% were either yellowtail flounder, Limanda ferruginea, or cunner, Tautogolabrus adspersus, and 5.9% were Atlantic mackerel, Scomber scombrus. The most abundant larvae were alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus, Atlantic mackerel, and cunner accounting for 24.6, 22.4, and 20.6%, respectively, of the total 5077 larvae and juveniles collected. The highest average concentration of eggs and larvae occurred in the coastal area near Tracadie Bay (4265 eggs/100 m3, 350 larvae/100 m3), in the Northumberland Strait region (2682 eggs/100 m3), and at the head of the Hillsborough River system (170 larvae/100 m3). The greatest species diversity occurred near Tracadie Bay (5.0 species of larval fish per tow) and in Tracadie Bay channel (4.0 species of larval fish, 6.0 species of eggs per tow). Summer variations in abundance and distribution were correlated with water temperature and salinity for the more abundant species (alewife, cunner, Atlantic mackerel, Gasterosteus aculeatus, Morone americana, Osmerus mordax, Menidia menidia, Pseudopleuronectes americanus). Species associations and station assemblages were analyzed using the Bray – Curtis dissimilarity measure and a numerical classification system.

scholarly journals FRESHWATER FISH CONSIDERATIONS FOR AQUATIC CONSERVATION SYSTEMS PLANNING IN NOVA SCOTIA

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichiro Kanno ◽  
Karen Beazley
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Conservation Planning ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Salvelinus Namaycush ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Osmerus Mordax ◽  
Aquatic Conservation ◽  
Focal Species

Freshwater ecosystems have suffered severe losses of biodiversity as a result of human activities, however there has been limited attention to freshwater conservation planning. Key criteria for biodiversity conservation in the terrestrial realm (i.e., representation, special elements and focal species) may also be useful in freshwater systems. Thus, we explore freshwater fish conservation in Nova Scotia (NS) with respect to these key criteria. Representation of freshwater fish habitats and communities should include examples of typical and unique biogeographical regions, streams, rivers, lakes, ponds, wetlands, and community assemblages. Special elements include critical habitat for species- and communities-at-risk, and hotspots of diversity and rarity. Sufficient habitat to maintain viable populations of focal species should also be conserved. Focal species 1) are functionally important, such as those at higher trophic levels and key prey, 2) have large-area requirements or are wide ranging, 3) are indicators of habitat quality and/or management practices, and 4) are flagships, such as charismatic and vulnerable species that garner support for aquatic conservation. Considerations of representation, special elements and focal species serve to identify important areas for conserving freshwater fish species, assemblages and habitat in NS. Intolerant and coldwater communities and species such as Atlantic whitefish Coregonus huntsmani, Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis, lake trout Salvelinus namaycush and rainbow smelt Osmerus mordax warrant conservation attention in NS due to their relatively high ecological importance and/or vulnerability. Other factors for selecting among potential sites for conservation are stability and resilience to broader cross- or transboundary threats such as exotic species, global warming, and acidification. Furthermore, as a consequence of the fluidity and connectivity of aquatic ecosystems, conservation planning should encompass a relatively large portion of selected drainages. Our approach may be useful for other temperate regions in North America.En raison des activités humaines, les écosystèmes d’eau douce ont subi de graves pertes sur le plan de la biodiversité; cependant, on a prêté qu’une attention limitée à la planification de la conservation des eaux douces. Les critères principaux en matière de conservation de la biodiversité dans le domaine terrestre (à savoir la représentation, les éléments spéciaux et les espèces focales) peuvent aussi être utiles pour les eaux douces. Ainsi, nous examinons la conservation des poissons d’eau douce en Nouvelle-Écosse en fonction de ces critères. La représentation des habitats et des communautés de poissons d’eau douce doit comprendre des exemples de régions biogéographiques, de cours d’eau, de lacs, d’étangs, de milieux humides et d’assemblages de communautés typiques et uniques. Parmi les éléments spéciaux, on compte l’habitat essentiel pour les espèces et les communautés en péril ainsi que les hauts lieux de diversité et de rareté. De plus, il faut conserver suffisamment d’habitat pour maintenir des populations viables des espèces focales. Ces espèces sont importantes sur le plan fonctionnel (qu’on pense aux espèces des niveaux trophiques supérieurs et aux proies principales), ont besoin de beaucoup d’espace ou parcourent un vaste territoire, sont des indicateurs de la qualité de l’habitat ou des résultats des efforts de gestion et jouent un rôle symbolique, comme les espèces charismatiques et vulnérables qui suscitent l’appui en faveur de la conservation des milieux aquatiques. Les facteurs comme la représentation, les éléments particuliers et les espèces focales permettent de repérer les zones importantes pour la conservation des eaux douces, des espèces de poisson, des assemblages et des habitats. En raison de leur importance écologique relativement élevée ou de leur vulnérabilité, il faut accorder de l’attention sur le plan de la conservation aux communautés et aux espèces intolérantes et d’eaux froides, comme le corégone de l’Atlantique (Coregonus huntsmani), le saumon atlantique (Salmo salar), l’omble de fontaine (Salvelinus fontinalis), le touladi (Salvelinus namaycush) et l’éperlan (Osmerus mordax). D’autres facteurs servent au choix de sites potentiels de conservation, comme la stabilité et la résilience à des menaces transfrontalières, qu’on pense aux espèces exotiques, au réchauffement planétaire et à l’acidification. De plus, la planification devrait couvrir une part relativement grande des bassins hydrographiques choisis. Notre approche peut s’appliquer à d’autres régions tempérées de l’Amérique du Nord.PROC. N.S. INST. SCI. (2004)Volume 42, Part 2, pp. 375-391

The systematics and zoogeography of Gyrodactylus species (Monogenea) parasitizing gasterosteid fishes in North America

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 956-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Cone ◽  
M. Wiles
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
Pungitius Pungitius ◽  
Culaea Inconstans ◽  
Fresh Material ◽  
Apeltes Quadracus ◽  
Unidentified Species ◽  
Host Fishes

The systematics and zoogeography of Gyrodactylus from gasterosteid fishes (Apeltes quadracus, Culaea inconstans, Pungitius pungitius, Gasterosteus aculeatus, and G. wheatlandi) in North America were examined through a study of museum-held specimens and fresh material collected from localities across Canada. Six species are considered specific to these fishes, namely: G. alexanderi Mizelle and Kritsky, 1967, G. avalonia Hanek and Threlfall, 1969 (syn. G. lairdi Hanek and Threlfall, 1969, G. memorialis Hanek and Threlfall, 1969, G. terranovae Hanek and Threlfall, 1969), G. canadensis Hanek and Threlfall, 1969, G. cameroni Hanek and Threlfall, 1970, G. eucaliae lkezaki and Hoffman, 1957, and an unidentified species resembling G. pungitii Malmberg, 1964. The fauna has striking morphological similarities to that parasitizing the same host fishes in Eurasia. In fact, G. avalonia, G. canadensis, and the unconfirmed species are considered sister species to G. arcuatus Bychowsky, 1933, G. branchicus Malmberg, 1964, and G. pungitii, respectively. The match-ups are considered to have evolved from three lineages that parasitized G. aculeatus and P. pungitius prior to Pleistocene dispersal that resulted in these fishes and their parasites extending over much of the northern hemisphere. Gyrodactylus cameroni from A. quadracus is probably of North American origin and a sister species of G. avalonia. Gyrodactylus alexanderi from Pacific coast G. aculeatus and G. eucaliae from C. inconstans in the continent's central region have ties with a Pacific lineage. The parasites' geographical distributions and possible evolutionary histories since Pleistocene glaciation are discussed.

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