Muscle Protein Electrophoresis in the GenusSalmoof Eastern Canada

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 2109-2112 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Gray ◽  
J. A. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Muscle Proteins ◽  
Eastern Canada

The muscle protein pattern of Atlantic salmon (Salmo solar L.) examined differed markedly from that of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson). Atlantic salmon muscle proteins from six areas were not influenced by the differences in sex, stage of maturation, or geographical location. The muscle proteins of brown trout taken from two areas in Newfoundland were similar and could not be easily distinguished from that of rainbow trout from Newfoundland. A polymorphism was observed in the pattern of rainbow trout from Great Pond, Nfld. The consistency of the patterns within species suggests that they may provide useful characters for identification purposes.

Bacterial Kidney Disease in Feral Populations of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), Brown Trout (Salmo trutta), and Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1370-1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas L. Mitchum ◽  
Loris E. Sherman ◽  
George T. Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Bacterial Kidney Disease ◽  
Live Fish ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

Incidence and effects of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) were determined in wild, naturally reproducing populations of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), brown trout (Salmo trutta), and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) in a small lake and stream system in southeastern Wyoming, USA where BKD epizootics have been observed since 1972. During 1976, dead fish were collected at three upstream stations, and 60 live fish were collected from each of 11 stations. All fish were necropsied, and virological, bacteriological, and parasitological examinations were conducted by standard methods. An indirect fluorescent antibody technique was used to detect the BKD organism in cultures and kidney tissue smears. Bacterial kidney disease was diagnosed in 100% of the dead brook trout collected. Incidence among live fish ranged from 83% at an upstream station to only 3% at the most downstream location, and was highest in brook trout and lowest in rainbow trout. Two longnose suckers (Catostomus catostomus), the only non-salmonids collected, were found negative for BKD. Clinical signs of infection and the most severe infections were found only in brook trout. Five age-classes of feral brook trout were involved in the epizootics. Since other known pathogens were essentially absent, it is believed that all deaths were due to BKD. Relationships between species susceptibility to BKD, age-classes, water chemistry and water temperatures, and certain ecological conditions are discussed. Key words: bacterial kidney disease, feral trout, epizootics, brook trout, brown trout, rainbow trout

Transmission of Bacterial Kidney Disease from Wild to Stocked Hatchery Trout

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas L. Mitchum ◽  
Loris E. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Bacterial Kidney Disease

Natural, horizontal transmission of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) from infected wild brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) to newly stocked hatchery brook trout, brown trout (Salmo trutta), and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) was shown in a small lake and stream system in southeastern Wyoming, USA. Stocked trout were infected naturally and died in 9 mo or less after exposure to infected wild fish. Dead and live fish collected from each of three stations were necropsied. Fluorescent antibody techniques (FAT) were used to detect the BKD organism in all samples. Low severity infections were often detected by FAT at a higher rate when feces were examined as compared to kidney tissues from the same fish. Because other known pathogens were essentially absent, BKD was diagnosed as the cause of all deaths in both stocked hatchery fish and wild fish. Rainbow trout were found to be the most refractory species.Key words: bacterial kidney disease, natural disease transmission, wild trout, brook trout, brown trout, rainbow trout, epizootics

Early Life Stage Mortality Syndrome in Fishes of the Great Lakes and Baltic Sea

1998 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Thermal Habitat ◽  
Finger Lakes

<em>Abstract</em>.—A lethal thiamine deficiency afflicting larval landlocked Atlantic salmon <em>Salmo salar </em>in several of New York’s Finger Lakes has been linked to a maternal diet of the exotic, thiaminase-rich alewife <em>Alosa pseudoharengus</em>. To evaluate why trout and char species in the Finger Lakes are apparently not affected by this “Cayuga syndrome,” levels of thiamine in the whole blood of syndromepositive and syndrome-negative stocks of Atlantic salmon were compared with levels in lake trout <em>Salvelinus namaycush</em>, brown trout <em>Salmo trutta</em>, and rainbow trout <em>Oncorhynchus mykiss </em>from Cayuga and/or Seneca lakes. Thiamine levels did not differ between sexes within any species or stock. Consistent with the hypothesis that thermal habitat partitioning may predispose the salmon to more dietary thiaminase than other Finger Lakes salmonids, thiamine levels in the salmon that produced syndrome-positive sac fry were significantly lower than levels measured in Finger Lakes brown trout and rainbow trout. In contrast, there was no difference between the syndrome-positive salmon and Finger Lakes lake trout, possibly because the male char were in starved (postspawned) condition. Regressions of maternal blood or egg thiamine versus maternal weight and length were not significant for salmon that produced syndrome-positive sac fry; yet, a significant inverse relationship was detected for the syndrome-negative salmon from the Adirondack progenitor stock. These findings may reflect the transition of these reference control salmon from a thiaminase-poor invertebrate diet to a piscivorous diet of thiaminase-active smelt <em>Osmerus mordax</em>.

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