Bacterial Flora of Some Algal Foods Used for Rearing Bivalve Larvae

1969 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2760-2764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Murchelano ◽  
Carolyn Brown
Keyword(s):  
Crassostrea Virginica ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Mercenaria Mercenaria ◽  
Hard Clam ◽  
Marine Waters ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Bivalve Larvae ◽  
Mass Cultures

The heterotrophic bacteria present in 15 mass cultures of six different genera of algae used for feeding larvae of the Atlantic oyster, Crassostrea virginica, and the hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria, were isolated, identified, and their physiology studied. Of the 120 isolates obtained, 118 (98.3%) were asporogenous, gram-negative rods — types commonly found in marine waters. The majority of the isolates, 98 (81.6%), belonged to the genus Pseudomonas.

The effect of chromic oxide (Cr2O3) on aerobic bacterial populations associated with the intestinal epithelial mucosa of Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.)

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 1169-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Einar Ringø
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Chromic Oxide ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Attachment Sites

Populations of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria present in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.), were estimated using the dilution plate technique. The gastrointestinal bacterial flora of fish fed an unsupplemented diet was dominated by Gram-negative bacteria of the genera Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Agrobacterium, Alcaligenes, Cytophaga, Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas, and Vibrio, and Gram-positive bacteria of the genera Arthrobacter, Brevibacterium, Corynebacterium, Kurthia, Lactobacillus, Microbacterium, Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus. The composition of the indigenous aerobic bacterial flora in the digestive tract, and especially the microorganisms isolated from the midgut and hindgut regions, was affected by inclusion of 1% chromic oxide (Cr2O3) in the diet. Many of the Gram-negative bacterial genera and some of the Gram-positive bacterial genera were not detectable in the Cr2O3-fed fish. The midgut and hindgut regions in the Cr2O3-fed fish were dominated by Gram-positive microorganisms of the genera Lactobacillus and Streptococcus. It is suggested that the increased accumulation of Cr2O3 in the alimentary tract, as dietary compounds are removed, affects the attachment sites for the gastrointestinal microflora or affects the gut epithelium directly.Key words: chromic oxide, aerobic bacterial flora, Arctic charr.

Accumulation of Benzo[a]pyrene in a Larval Bivalve via Trophic Transfer

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 2318-2322 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Dobroski Jr. ◽  
C. E. Epifanio
Keyword(s):  
Natural Populations ◽  
Mercenaria Mercenaria ◽  
Trophic Transfer ◽  
Thalassiosira Pseudonana ◽  
Hard Clam ◽  
Bivalve Larvae

The diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana was cultured in 10 μg/L 14C-benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and subsequently fed to larvae of the hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria. The rate of direct uptake of B[a]P from seawater by the diatoms was much greater than the rate of trophic transfer of B[a]P from the diatoms to the clam larvae. This was attributed to greater efficiency of direct uptake and to the larger quantity of B[a]P available in the water. A comparison of direct uptake by bivalves (as reported in the literature) with trophic transfer measured in the present investigation indicated that the processes may be equally important in accumulation of B[a]P in natural populations of bivalves.Key words: benzo[a]pyrene, trophic transfer, bivalve larvae

Isolation of Naturally Occurring Enteroviruses from a Variety of Shellfish Species Residing in Long Island and New Jersey Marine Embayments

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES M. VAUGHN ◽  
EDWARD F. LANDRY ◽  
THOMAS J. VICALE ◽  
MARILYN C. DAHL
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Crassostrea Virginica ◽  
Long Island ◽  
Mercenaria Mercenaria ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Quality Of Water

Shellfish (Crassostrea virginica and Mercenaria mercenaria) and shellfish-raising waters from a variety of Long Island and New Jersey marine embayments were examined for the presence of human enteroviruses. Little difference in virological quality was noted between areas designated as being open or closed to shellfishing. Viral isolations could not be correlated with coliform counts from identical samples, indicating the need to re-evaluate the use of bacterial standards as indices of the overall sanitary quality of water and shellfish.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Pb Resistant Bacteria from Cilalay Lake, Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kesi Kurnia ◽  
Nina Hermayani Sadi ◽  
Syafitri Jumianto
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Standard Disk

<span>Pollution of water environment with heavy metals is becoming one of the most severe environmental and human health hazards. Lead (Pb) is a major pollutant and highly toxic to human, animals, plants, and microbes. </span><span lang="IN">Toxic metals are difficult to remove from the environment, since they cannot be chemically or biologically degraded and are ultimately indestructible. Biological approaches based on metal-resistant microorganisms have received a great deal of attention as alternative remediation processes. </span><span>This study aim to isolat</span><span lang="IN">e</span><span> and characterize Pb resistant of heterotrophic bacteria in Cilalay Lake, </span><span lang="IN">West Java, </span><span>Indonesia. The water samples were collected </span><span lang="IN">along</span><span> three points around Cilalay Lake. </span><span lang="IN">Water physical and chemical </span><span>determination was performed using the Water Quality Checker</span><span lang="IN">. </span><span>The bacterial isolates were screened on T</span><span lang="IN">r</span><span>ipton</span><span lang="IN">e</span><span> Glucose Yeast (TGY) agar plates. </span><span lang="IN">Afterwards s</span><span>elected isolates were grown on Nutrient Agar media 50% </span><span lang="IN">with </span><span>supplemented Pb 100 ppm by the standard disk. Population of resistant bacteria was counted. The result from metal resistant bacteria indicated that all isolates w</span><span lang="IN">ere</span><span> resistant. The most abundant type of resistant </span><span lang="IN">bacteria </span><span>to lead was Gram negative more than Gram positive. Identified have metal resistant bacteria could be useful for the bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated sewage and waste water</span>

scholarly journals Bacteriological, Physical And Chemical Properties Of The Pagla Sewage Treatment Plant’s Water

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihir Lal Saha ◽  
Ashraful Alam ◽  
Mahbubar Rahman Khan ◽  
Sirajul Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Bacillus Sphaericus ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Treated Water

Samples from Pagla sewage treatment plant at different treatment stages showed more or less similar temperature (26.9 - 27.5°C). The pH ranged from 7.2 - 7.9. Influent water and primary sedimentation tank water were brownish in colour while sludge water was light black. The lagoon water and treated water were greenish. The ammonium?nitrogen (NH+4-N) and nitrate?nitrogen (NO-3?N) ranged from 5.24 - 61.94 mg/l and 2.55 - 11.02 mg/l, respectively. Phosphorus of the water was 1.34 - 4.50 mg/l. The suspended solids (SS) ranged from 25.48 ? 374.69 mg/l. In the present study the amount of SS in the treated water were found to be quite satisfactory. The total bacterial population in Pagla sewage treatments plant was in between 2.9 × 104 and 2.5 × 106 cfu/ml. The qualitative bacterial spectrum showed a potential consortium of bacteria associated with the treatment plant. Both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria were present. Gram positive bacteria were represented by the different species of the genus Bacillus, Aureobacterium and Kurthia. Among them Bacillus was the dominant genus. The different species of Bacillus were Bacillus sphaericus, B. fastidiosus, B. circulans and B. pasteurii. Gram negative bacteria were Zoogloea, Yersinia, Citrobacter and Pseudomonas. A good number of microorganisms were found to be associated with the bio-oxidation of the organic compounds of the influent. The Zoogloea along with other free flowing aerobic heterotrophic bacteria like Bacillus, Pseudomonas could play the major role in the sewage treatment.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v21i1.9739 DUJBS 2012 21(1): 1-7

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