The Surface Concept in Measurement of Fish Spoilage

1942 ◽  
Vol 6a (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Wood ◽  
G. J. Sigurdsson ◽  
W. J. Dyer
Keyword(s):  
Human Consumption ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Contact Plate ◽  
Fish Spoilage ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria ◽  
Composite Samples ◽  
Surface Changes

The contact plate method as used for cod muscle has revealed that the major changes rendering fish unfit for human consumption can be attributed almost entirely to surface pollution of the fish with spoilage bacteria. This is confirmed by three chemical tests, trimethylamine, tyrosine, and surface pH. The relative rates of increase in all three are much greater at the surface than in the interior of cod and haddock fillets. The more rapid surface changes are taken as evidence that tests for spoilage in fish products should be based on samples from the surface of the products and not from composite samples.

Basic principles for assessing the safety of fish products from the ponds exposed to the influence of nuclear fuel cycle enterprises

2019 ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
A. V. Trapeznikov ◽  
V. N. Trapeznikova ◽  
A. V. Korzhavin ◽  
V. N. Nikolkin ◽  
A. P. Plataev
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
River System ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
Irtysh River

Relevance. In connection with the development of nuclear energy, many aquatic ecosystems have been exposed to radioactive substances. Fish, as an element of biota, is capable to accumulate radionuclides. However, fish is a traditional food. The control of the technogenic radionuclides accumulation level in the ichthyofauna is an important link in ensuring human security.Intention. To analyze the long-term data on the content of long-lived technogenic radionuclides 90Sr and 137Cs in the ichthyofauna of the Ob-Irtysh river system for the period from 2004 to 2016 and Beloyarsky pond for the period from 1977 to 2018.Methodology. Fish as a food product was assessed according to two criteria: a) permissible levels of specific activity of radionuclides (SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01); b) using the indicator of conformity B and the uncertainty of its definition В (GOST 32161-2013 and GOST 32163-2013).Results and Discussion. Fish of all species that live in the river Tetcha, is not suitable for food use according to the criteria of SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01, GOST 32161-2013 and GOST 32163-2013. The fish of the Ob-Irtysh river system, the habitat of which is located outside the Tetcha, meets the requirements for fish products. In the period from 1977 to 1989 in the Beloyarsk pond the accumulations of technogenic radionuclides in fish in quantities exceeding sanitary and hygienic standards were possible. Currently, the fish of the Beloyarsky pond fully complies with the sanitary and hygienic requirements for the radiation factor and is safe for human consumption.Conclusion. In the ponds exposed to the atomic energy enterprises, it is necessary to continuously monitor the content of long-lived technogenic radionuclides in fish and assess their amount in accordance with the requirements of SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01 and using the conformity indicator В and the uncertainty of its determination В. 

scholarly journals Monitoring the Levels of Biogenic Amines in Canned Fish Products Marketed in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Weremfo ◽  
Meinster Kodjo Eduafo ◽  
Hakim Agyei Gyimah ◽  
Samuel Abassah-Oppong
Keyword(s):  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Ion Pair ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Canned Fish ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Excellent Selectivity ◽  
Detection And Quantification

An ion-pair HPLC method with postcolumn o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) derivatization and fluorescence detection was validated for quantitative determination of five biogenic amines (histamine, tyramine, cadaverine, putrescine, and agmatine) in canned fish products (mackerel, sardine, and tuna) marketed in Ghana. The validated method exhibited excellent selectivity and good linearity (R2 > 0.9990) for all the amines. The limits of detection and quantification for studied biogenic amines were in the range of 0.32–0.78 mg·kg−1 and 1.10–2.57 mg·kg−1, respectively. Also, a satisfactory recovery was obtained for all the amines (82.1–101.4%), and the relative standard deviations were lower than 9.3% under repeatability conditions for the studied amines. Subsequently, the method was applied to the analysis of biogenic amines in canned fish products to estimate the safety of Ghanaian consumers. The maximum levels of histamine, tyramine, cadaverine, putrescine, and agmatine detected in the analysed canned fish products were 64.05 mg·kg−1, 27.44 mg·kg−1, 27.23 mg·kg−1, 18.74 mg·kg−1, and 52.72 mg·kg−1, respectively. Thus, the levels of biogenic amines detected in the canned fish products were lower than the acceptable levels and, therefore, can be considered relatively safe for human consumption.

Preparation of a bilayer edible film incorporated with lysozyme and its effect on fish spoilage bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuying Li ◽  
Jinxiu Xu ◽  
Dongdong Zhang ◽  
Keli Zhong ◽  
Tong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Edible Film ◽  
Fish Spoilage ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria

Chemical Inhibition of Growth of Fish Spoilage Bacteria

1944 ◽  
Vol 6c (3) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. A. Tarr
Keyword(s):  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Ethyl Formate ◽  
Ethylene Dichloride ◽  
Sodium Chlorite ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Fish Spoilage ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Chloramine T ◽  
Chemical Inhibition

Inhibition of the growth of fish spoilage bacteria in naturally contaminated fish muscle, and in some instances of pure cultures of such organisms cultivated on laboratory media, by penicillic acid, 4-methoxy-2:5 toluquinone, methyl formate, ethyl formate, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, methyl ether, ethyl ether, chloroform, ethylene dichloride, ethyl chloride, 1:4 dioxane, Chloramine B, Chloramine T, a mixture of isomeric glycerol formais, sodium chlorite, sodium benzoate, sodium nitrite, and one patent fish preservative was investigated. The results are discussed and are summarized in detail.

The Alternative Uses of Fish

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 2170-2171
Author(s):  
G. H. O. Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Fish Protein ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Excellent Source ◽  
Very High

Due to the increasing world deficit in protein supplies, there is an urgent need to make the best use of every possible protein source. Fish is widely recognized as an excellent source of protein of a very high quality. At present more than one third of the world fish production is converted to fish meal and fed to pigs and poultry. As the total world catch has increased so has the percentage converted to fish meal tended to increase. There are many other ways of utilizing fishery resources directly for human consumption and this paper indicates possible means of achieving this. After considering the supply of fish and its utilization, the chief requirements for the establishment of a fishery are identified. Such factors as the type of raw material available, the structure of the catching industry on one hand, and the system of distribution and sale on the other, the availability of processing equipment and skill, etc., are all considered for various situations.The problem of the acceptability of new fish products in developing areas cannot be overemphasized. Consumer preference studies are required to identify more closely the types of products which are likely to be accepted. The choice of products is reviewed systematically considering traditional methods of processing as well as special methods including certain experimental ones, e.g. irradiation, freeze-drying, and the manufacture of fish protein concentrate.It is concluded that so far as modern products need to be developed, greater success will probably be forthcoming for those based on the traditional methods of preservation used in the area in question. It is felt there is scope for the application of modern food technology in this area.

Aflatoxin Contamination of Maize Meal Sold and Consumed in the Three Main Cities of North-Kivu Province of the Democratic Republic of Congo

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kavugho Muvunga Gloire ◽  
Jasper K. Imungi ◽  
Lucy Njue
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Composite Sample ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
The North ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Maize Meal ◽  
Open Markets ◽  
North Kivu ◽  
Composite Samples

This study aimed to determine the incidence of aflatoxin contamination of maize meal in the North-Kivu province of D.R.C. The study was conducted in the Beni, Goma and Butembo, the major cities of the North-Kivu province of D.R.C. A multi-stage sampling was applied in all the cities. A total of 30 samples of maize grains were collected. In each city, five principal open markets were considered and in each, sixteen vendors were chosen randomly. From them, two composite samples of 1.5 kg each of maize grains were collected, there by subdividing randomly the sixteen vendors in two groups of eight vendors. Each composite sample of maize grains collected from eight vendors was milled and then a final composite sample of maize meal of one kilogram was taken for laboratory analysis. 25 samples (10 from Beni, 10 from Goma and 5 from Butembo) where milled raw, while 5 other samples from Butembo where grilled before and then where milled. All the samples were analyzed for total aflatoxins using ELISA Kit method according to the manufacturer. Data were subjected to one way ANOVA using Genstat® Discovery 13thEdition at 95% confidence interval (P≤ 0.05). Variable means for measurements showing significant differences in the ANOVA were compared using the LSD. Values were judged to be significantly different by LSD if P< 0.05. The mean levels of aflatoxins in all the maize meals collected in the 3 cities are above 10ppb, the acceptable level of aflatoxins in maize meals for human consumption. The means range between 18.34 and 20.98 ppb, the highest level being in samples collected in Goma city. These results confirm the statement that the maize consumers in all the 3 cities (Beni, Goma and Butembo) are exposed to aflatoxin-contamination as the consumed maize meals are contaminated with aflatoxin at levels surpassing the limits. However, Goma city is highly exposed to aflatoxin contamination.

scholarly journals Bovine Colostrum for Human Consumption - Improving Microbial Quality and Maintaining Bioactive Characteristics through Processing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Fasse ◽  
Jarmo Alarinta ◽  
Björn Frahm ◽  
Gun Wirtanen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Bovine Colostrum ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria

The purpose of bovine colostrum, being the milk secreted by a cow after giving birth, is to transfer passive immunity to the calf. The calves have an insufficient immune system as they lack immunoglobulins (Igs). Subsequently, the supply of good quality bovine colostrum is obligatory. The quality of colostrum is classified by low bacterial counts and adequate Ig concentrations. Bacterial contamination can contain a variety of human pathogens or high counts of spoilage bacteria, which becomes more challenging with emerging use of bovine colostrum as food and food supplements. There is also a growing risk for the spread of zoonotic diseases originating from bovines. For this reason, processing based on heat treatment or other feasible techniques are required. This review provides an overview of literature on the microbial quality of bovine colostrum and processing methods to improve its microbial quality and keep its nutritional values as food. The highlights of this review are: high quality colostrum is a valuable raw material in food products and supplements, the microbial safety of bovine colostrum is increased using appropriate processing, suitable effective heat-treatment, which does not destroy the high nutrition value of colostrum, the heat treatment processes are cost-effective compared to other methods, and heat treatment can be performed in both small- and large-scale production

scholarly journals Current situation of meat-related waste genera ted by free state abattoirs, South Africa

2019 ◽  
pp. 495-500
Author(s):  
Hester Roberts
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Meat Inspection ◽  
Free State ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria

Legislation exists which prescribes specific waste disposal methods, especially for condemned products, but financial constraints prohibits its implementation. Current legislation requires independent meat inspection but it is not yet applied at all abattoirs and will take a considerable period of time before it is in place. Meat inspection does not serve any pwpose if condemned products returns to the food chain. Waste management practices at the different grades of abattoirs (Grades A to E) will be assessed and interviews with management will be used to predict the associated health risks to the community and the meat industry. Results obtained, will be used to construct a model to recommend the most suitable waste management system for each grade of abattoir in the Free State Province. This model would be appropriate for other provinces in South Africa. Spoilage bacteria and pathogenic bacteria are found on the surfaces of meat products. Pathogenic bacteria can cause illness when these products are consumed (Aberle, et.al., 2001). Food borne illnesses are a world-wide phenomena that also play a role in South Africa. Duse (2002) quoted the Department of Health statistics indicating that in the period of January to June 1998 there were 110 cases of food poisoning and 3 deaths and in 1999 127 cases reported and 0 deaths occurred. A large variety of bacterial genera have been recovered from red-meat, poultry and their products for example, Actinobacter, Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Aalmonella, Zersinia, and Streptococcus. An increase in amounts ofwaste are generated all over the world. Abattoirs are one of the industries that contribute to the problem of possible food-borne diseases and potential health hazards associated with food, especially meat (Bradshaw, et.al. 1992). Waste generated by abattoirs include condemned organs and carcasses, blood, hides, paunch content and carcass trimmings. Condemned products and carcasses, unsuitable for human consumption, are eaten by ,,cavengers" or persons living off refuse sites, and could cause a significant health problem which could lead to disease and death.Current economic conditions force under- privileged communities to seek any possible source of food and some of the sites frequented are landfill sites, dumping grounds and disposal sites used by abattoirs (Personal communication, Derbyshire, 2003),

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