Local Feeding of Kingfishers and Mergansers

1937 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. White
Keyword(s):  
Food Item ◽  
Young Bird ◽  
Major Food ◽  
Dominant Fish

On the Margaree and Apple rivers, N.S., the belted kingfisher feeds upon those fishes most available within its feeding range. In the estuaries many species are taken, but ascending a river the number becomes less until only salmon and trout (Salvelinus), or trout alone, constitute the food. By rearing a young bird it was determined that the American merganser pursues its prey by sight under water, being able to see a distance of from 10 feet (3 m.) to 2 feet (0.6 m.) or less, depending upon the clearness of the water. The bird consumes daily on the average more than a third of its weight. In nature the broods are reared up stream where young salmon are the dominant fish and constitute the major food item, with trout next. When the supply becomes scarce they shift down stream and in the estuary take the various fishes occurring there. In contrast the young red-breasted mergansers were found feeding over areas not frequented by young salmon, and the adults were confined largely to the estuary. They fed on the species available, which sometimes consisted largely of young salmon.

The diet of the allied rock-wallaby, Petrogale assimilis, in the wet-dry tropics

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Horsup ◽  
H Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Food Item ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Faecal Analysis ◽  
Dry Tropics ◽  
Major Food ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Natural Isotopes ◽  
Feeding Observations

The diet of the allied rock-wallaby, Petrogale assimilis, an inhabitant of the wet-dry tropics of North Queensland, was studied over three years by microscopic faecal analysis, feeding observations, and an analysis of the ratios of the natural isotopes of 12*C and 13*C in the faeces. Forbs were the major food item, accounting for 22-65% of the identified epidermis in the faeces, and tended to be actively selected by the wallabies. Browse (20-41%) and plants with stellate trichomes (6-32%) were the next most-important dietary items, the latter being eaten in significantly higher proportions in the dry seasons of 1987 and 1988. Grass comprised only 5-16% of recognisable epidermis in the faeces, but was eaten in significantly higher proportions when fresh new growth was available. Forbs were difficult to identify at night, and most plants that rock-wallabies were recorded eating were those with stellate trichomes rather than forbs. The low incidence of grass in the diet was confirmed by the carbon-ratio analysis.

Researching (with) Major Food Retailers

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Evans
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Major Food ◽  
Food Retailers ◽  
Food Retailer ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Opening Up

This paper considers the relationship between social science and the food industry, and it suggests that collaboration can be intellectually productive and morally rewarding. It explores the middle ground that exists between paid consultancy models of collaboration on the one hand and a principled stance of nonengagement on the other. Drawing on recent experiences of researching with a major food retailer in the UK, I discuss the ways in which collaborating with retailers can open up opportunities for accessing data that might not otherwise be available to social scientists. Additionally, I put forward the argument that researchers with an interest in the sustainability—ecological or otherwise—of food systems, especially those of a critical persuasion, ought to be empirically engaging with food businesses. I suggest that this is important in terms of generating better understandings of the objectionable arrangements that they seek to critique, and in terms of opening up conduits through which to affect positive changes. Cutting across these points is the claim that while resistance to commercial engagement might be misguided, it is nevertheless important to acknowledge the power-geometries of collaboration and to find ways of leveling and/or leveraging them. To conclude, I suggest that universities have an important institutional role to play in defining the terms of engagement as well as maintaining the boundaries between scholarship and consultancy—a line that can otherwise become quite fuzzy when the worlds of commerce and academic research collide.

CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES OF THE CASPIAN SPRAT FISHERIES

2018 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Tatiana Vasilievna Pomogaeva ◽  
Aliya Ahmetovna Aseinova ◽  
Yuriy Aleksandrovich Paritskiy ◽  
Vjacheslav Petrovich Razinkov
Keyword(s):  
Food Item ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
North West ◽  
Marine Fishery ◽  
The North ◽  
Current State ◽  
West Part ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Intensive Growth

The article presents annual statistical data of the Caspian Research Institute of Fishery. There has been kept track of the long term dynamics of the stocks of three species of Caspian sprat (anchovy, big-eyed kilka, sprat) and investigated a process of substituting a food item of sprats Eurytemora grimmi to a small-celled copepod species Acartia tonsa Dana. According to the research results, there has been determined growth potential of stocks of each species. Ctenophoran-Mnemiopsis has an adverse effect on sprat population by eating fish eggs and larvae. Ctenophoram - Mnemiopsis is a nutritional competitor to the full-grown fishes. The article gives recommendations on reclamation of stocks of the most perspective species - common sprat, whose biological characteristics helped not to suffer during Ctenophoram outburst and to increase its population during change of the main food item. Hydroacoustic survey data prove the intensive growth of common sprat biomass in the north-west part of the Middle Caspian. According to the results of the research it may be concluded that to realize the volumes of recommended sprat catch it is necessary to organize the marine fishery of common sprat at the Russian Middle Caspian shelf.

Temporo-spatial heterogeneity of dominant fish species in the Jiaozhou Bay community

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1091
Author(s):  
Jia WO ◽  
Binduo XU ◽  
Ying XUE ◽  
Yiping REN ◽  
Chongliang ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Jiaozhou Bay ◽  
Dominant Fish

scholarly journals Yield gap and resource utilization efficiency of three major food crops in the world – A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang-bing RONG ◽  
Kai-yuan GONG ◽  
Feng-ying DUAN ◽  
Shao-kun LI ◽  
Ming ZHAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Yield Gap ◽  
Major Food ◽  
The World ◽  
Resource Utilization Efficiency

scholarly journals Frequent consumption of vegetables predicts lower risk of depression in older Taiwanese – results of a prospective population-based study

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1087-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan C Tsai ◽  
Tsui-Lan Chang ◽  
Shu-Hwang Chi
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Major Food ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Frequent Consumption

AbstractObjectiveThe study evaluated the association between consumption frequencies of the major food categories and the risk of new depression four years later in older Taiwanese.DesignA prospective cohort study with multistage random sampling. Logistic regression analysis evaluated the significance of the longitudinal associations of intake frequencies of the major food categories with future (4 years later) risk of new depression, controlled for possible confounding factors with or without adjustment for cognitive status.SettingPopulation-based free-living elderly.SubjectsMen and women (n 1609) ≥65 years of age.ResultsIn a regression model that controlled for demographic, socio-economic, lifestyle and disease/health-related variables but not cognitive status, both fruits (OR = 0·66, 95 % CI 0·45, 0·98, P = 0·038) and vegetables (OR = 0·38, 95 % CI 0·17, 0·86, P = 0·021) were protective against depressive symptoms 4 years later. However, when the same regression model was also adjusted for cognitive status, only vegetables (OR = 0·40, 95 % CI 0·17, 0·95, P = 0·039) were protective against depressive symptoms. Higher consumption of eggs was close to being significant in both regression models (P = 0·087 and 0·069, respectively). Other food categories including meat/poultry, fish, seafood, dairy, legumes, grains and tea showed no significant associations.ConclusionsResults suggest that although confounding factors cannot be totally ruled out, more frequent consumption of vegetables seems to be protective against depressive symptoms in the elderly. Further studies are needed to elucidate the causal role and the mechanism of the association.

Investigation into the diet of the central rock-rat (Zyzomys pedunculatus)

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa J. Nano ◽  
Cate M. Smith ◽  
Elizabeth Jefferys
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Faecal Pellet ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
The West ◽  
Major Food ◽  
Seasonal Shift ◽  
Leaf Consumption

The diet of the rare central rock-rat, Zyzomys pedunculatus, was assessed by microscopic analysis of 18 faecal pellet samples collected from four different sites in the west MacDonnell Ranges in the Northern Territory. Samples were collected from the four sites in summer (n = 13), one site in winter (n = 3), and two sites in spring (n = 2). Four major food categories were observed in the samples: seed, leaf, stem and insect. Seed was by far the most dominant food in the overall diet of Z. pedunculatus, making up 72% of identifiable particles, leaf was secondary (21%), while stem and insects contributed only 3% and 4% respectively. Although the sample size was small, no major seasonal shift between seed and invertebrate dominance was evident. Seed dominated the diet in both summer and winter, though winter seed consumption was lower (78% v. 58%). The level of seed consumption in the two spring samples was highly divergent (38% v. 93%), stressing the need for more samples to be collected from dry periods. Lowered rates of seed consumption during winter and in one of the spring samples were accompanied by increases in leaf consumption. Insect consumption remained low across all sampled seasons, suggesting that this species is not an omnivore. Rather, the dominance of seed in the diet suggests that Z. pedunculatus is primarily a granivore, a finding that has implications for the conservation status and management of this little-known species.

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