THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS AND OF CERTAIN DRUGS UPON THE GASTRIC MOTILITY OF ELASMOBRANCH FISHES

1932 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 447-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN V. V. NICHOLLS
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Greater Curvature ◽  
Elasmobranch Fishes ◽  
Lesser Curvature ◽  
Spontaneous Contractions ◽  
Different Parts

A rise of temperature causes an increase in the rate of the spontaneous contractions of all parts of the stomach. At any one temperature the rate of contraction is different in different parts of the stomach. The parts named in order of decreasing rate are: pylorus, fundic and antral regions of the lesser curvature, fundic region of the greater curvature, antral region of the greater curvature and the cardia.Adrenaline stimulates all parts of the stomach except the antral region where large doses inhibit and minute doses stimulate. Pilocarpine and acetylcholine stimulate all parts. Atropine has no effect on the normal contractions but antagonizes the effect of pilocarpine and acetylcholine.

THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS AND OF CERTAIN DRUGS UPON THE INTESTINAL MOTILITY OF ELASMOBRANCH FISHES

1933 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. V. Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Motility ◽  
Spontaneous Contraction ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Spiral Intestine ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Spiral Valve ◽  
Spasmodic Contraction ◽  
Elasmobranch Fishes

A rise of temperature increases the rate of the spontaneous contraction of the spiral intestine and valve, rectum and colon. At any one temperature the upper end of the spiral intestine has the same rate of contraction as the lower end, whereas the upper end of the spiral valve has a higher rate than the lower end. The rectum and colon have no rapid rhythm, but give a single spasmodic contraction every half hour or so.Adrenaline, pilocarpine and acetylcholine stimulate all the above parts, though the effect of pilocarpine on the spiral valve is very indefinite. Atropine has no effect on normal contractions, but counteracts the effect of acetylcholine and pilocarpine.

Pathomorphological study on gastroduodenal ulceration in horses: Localisation of lesions

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Bezdekova ◽  
P. Jahn ◽  
M. Vyskocil
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Squamous Mucosa ◽  
Oesophageal Ulceration ◽  
Prevalent Disease ◽  
Greater Curvature ◽  
Gastroduodenal Ulceration ◽  
Lesser Curvature ◽  
Low Prevalence

Gastroduodenal ulceration is a prevalent disease in foals and adult horses. Decreased performance as well as fatal complications relate to this syndrome. The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of gastric ulceration in a mixed population of horses by postmortem examination and to evaluate a possible association between equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) and sex or age of the examined horses, to evaluate the localisation of lesions in the proximal part of the gastrointestinal tract and to determine the occurrence of gastric parasites. Post-mortem examinations were performed on 71 horses over a period of 24 months. Gastric ulcers were found in 52 horses (73.2%). There was no significant association between age or sex and occurrence of gastric ulcers. In all horses the squamous mucosa lesions were localised near the margo plicatus (100% of the cases), whereas in 23 horses the lesions were near the margo plicatus and lesser curvature and in 7 horses at the greater curvature. In 18 horses the mucosa was affected in the whole extent of the margo plicatus and in 1 horse diffuse lesions of the squamous mucosa were noted. Lesions of the glandular mucosa were localised in 11 horses at the fundic area, in 1 horse they occurred in the pylorus, and in 10 horses diffuse lesions of the glandular mucosa were recorded. A low prevalence of Gasterophilus intestinalis infection was detected (1 horse, 1.4%). We have confirmed that gastric ulcers are a common problem in horses and duodenal or oesophageal ulceration is rare (not a single case of the latter was found in this study). Lesions in the glandular mucosa of the stomach are more frequent in suckling foals than in older animals. Lesions of the glandular mucosa are also common in adult horses, and a complete gastroscopic examination including examination of the pylorus is advisable to evaluate this syndrome.

Temperature Sensitivity Analysis of Extended Source Double Gate Tunnel Field Effect Transistor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharmender Nishad ◽  
Kaushal Nigam ◽  
Satyendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Field Effect ◽  
Field Effect Transistor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Double Gate ◽  
Extended Source ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Effect Transistor ◽  
Tunnel Field Effect Transistor

Abstract Temperature-induced performance variation is one of the main concerns of the conventional stack gate oxide double gate tunnel field-effect transistor (SGO-DG-TFET). In this regard, we investigate the temperature sensitivity of extended source double gate tunnel field-effect transistor (ESDG-TFET). For this, we have analyzed the effect of temperature variations on the transfer characteristics, analog/RF, linearity and distortion figure of merits (FOMs) using technology computer aided design (TCAD) simulations. Further, the temperature sensitivity performance is compared with conventional SGO-DG-TFET. The comparative analysis shows that ESDG-TFET is less sensitive to temperature variations compared to the conventional SGO-DG-TFET. Therefore, this indicates that ESDG-TFET is more reliable for low-power, high-frequency applications at a higher temperature compared to conventional SGO-DG-TFET.

On the question of probing the lesser curvature of the stomach

1930 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1091-1094
Author(s):  
B. I. Trusevich
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Greater Curvature ◽  
Lesser Curvature

Using deep, sliding and topographic palpation by the Glenard-Obraztsov-Gausman method, along with other parts of the gastrointestinal tract, in some cases it is possible to palpate the lesser curvature. The latest statistics of Gausmann's palpation data are as follows: greater curvature is palpable in 45-50% of colon transv. 60%, coecum 80%, pars coecalis ilei 85%, appendix 12-16%, pylorus and antrum pylori 25%, sigma 95%.

Further Observations on the Development of the Peptic Cells of the Rabbit's Stomach

1960 ◽  
Vol s3-101 (53) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
GORDON MENZIES
Keyword(s):  
Pyloric Antrum ◽  
Greater Curvature ◽  
Lesser Curvature ◽  
A Site

1. The loss of the mucinogen component of the peptic granules begins during the fourth week of post-natal life (400 g) at a site on or near the greater curvature of the stomach adjacent to the pyloric antrum. It reaches the lesser curvature at about the sixth week (750 g). 2. The loss progresses slowly across the ventral and dorsal walls of the stomach and more rapidly along the greater curvature. 3. At 11-12 weeks (1,800 g) only a few peptic cells on the greater curvature and adjacent to the oesophageal opening contain PAS-positive granules. 4. Except for a few granules in an occasional peptic cell, no mucinogen can be demonstrated in these cells after the fourteenth week (1,900 g). 5. The stage seems to be correlated more closely with the weight than with the age of the animals.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature and Pyrolysis Time in Liquid Smoke Production from Dried Water Hyacinth

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-171
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Time Variations ◽  
Pyrolysis Reactor ◽  
Time Variables

This study aimed to investigate the use of water hyacinth to produce liquid smoke. The study observes the temperature and time variables of yield, pH, density, and refractive index in the production of liquid smoke from water hyacinth. The sequence of the work is as follows: first, water hyacinth was cut into 5 cm sections and then sun-dried for 2–3 d, depending on the weather. Next, 550 g of dried water hyacinth was added to the pyrolysis reactor. The temperature variations were 200°C, 400°C, and 600°C, and the time variations were 1, 4, and 7 h. As a result, liquid smoke was produced with varying yield, pH, densities, and refractive indices. The best results in this research are liquid smoke pyrolysis at a temperature of 400°C and 4 h with the acquisition of a yield of 93 mL, pH 2–4, a density of 1.080,8 gr/mL, and a refractive index of 1.339,6, with chemical component 41.45% total acid, 2.44% phenol and 56.10% carbonyl.

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