Otolith chemistry analyses indicate that water Sr:Ca is the primary factor influencing otolith Sr:Ca for freshwater and diadromous fish but not for marine fish

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 1790-1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy J. Brown ◽  
Kenneth P. Severin
Keyword(s):  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Marine Fish ◽  
Marine Water ◽  
Primary Factor ◽  
Otolith Chemistry ◽  
Freshwater Systems ◽  
Diadromous Fish ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Lower Variability

Water chemistry is thought to be the primary factor influencing fish otolith chemistry. Experimental results with freshwater and diadromous fish have been consistent with this paradigm, but with marine fish, they have often been ambiguous or contradictory. A review of water chemistry data indicated that Sr:Ca (mmol:mol) levels were higher in marine water than in most freshwater systems and that Sr:Ca variability was lower in marine water than in most freshwater systems. We therefore hypothesized that lifetime otolith Sr:Ca profiles of freshwater fish would exhibit low levels of Sr:Ca with moderate variability, of diadromous fish would exhibit highly variable Sr:Ca levels, and of marine fish would exhibit high levels of Sr:Ca with low variability. Otolith Sr:Ca profiles from 81 species of freshwater, diadromous, and marine fish revealed that freshwater fish had low levels of Sr:Ca and lower variability than expected relative to marine fish, diadromous fish had Sr:Ca levels and variability that were consistent with expectations, and marine fish had high maximum Sr:Ca levels, as expected, and high Sr:Ca variability, similar in magnitude to diadromous fish, which was not expected. These findings indicate that water Sr:Ca is the primary factor influencing otolith Sr:Ca variation for freshwater and diadromous fish but not for marine fish.

Atypical correlation of otolith strontium : calcium and barium : calcium across a marine–freshwater life history transition of a diadromous fish

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Hamer ◽  
Angela Henderson ◽  
Michael Hutchison ◽  
Jodie Kemp ◽  
Corey Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Marine Water ◽  
Important Influence ◽  
Freshwater Environment ◽  
Freshwater Habitat ◽  
Check Mark ◽  
Diadromous Fish ◽  
Larval Stages

Variation in strontium (Sr) and barium (Ba) within otoliths is invaluable to studies of fish diadromy. Typically, otolith Sr:Ca is positively related to salinity, and the ratios of Ba and Sr to calcium (Ca) vary in opposite directions in relation to salinity. In this study of jungle perch, Kuhlia rupestris, otolith Sr:Ca and Ba:Ca, however, showed the same rapid increase as late-larval stages transitioned directly from a marine to freshwater environment. This transition was indicated by a microstructural check mark on otoliths at 35–45 days age. As expected ambient Sr was lower in the fresh than the marine water, however, low Ca levels (0.4mgL–1) of the freshwater resulted in the Sr:Ca being substantially higher than the marine water. Importantly, the otolith Sr:Ba ratio showed the expected pattern of a decrease from the marine to freshwater stage, illustrating that Sr:Ba provided a more reliable inference of diadromous behaviour based on prior expectations of their relationship to salinity, than did Sr:Ca. The results demonstrate that Ca variation in freshwaters can potentially be an important influence on otolith element:Ca ratios and that inferences of marine–freshwater habitat use from otolith Sr:Ca alone can be problematic without an understanding of water chemistry.

Elemental signatures in otoliths of hatchery rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): distinctiveness and utility for detecting origins and movement

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel K. Gibson-Reinemer ◽  
Brett M. Johnson ◽  
Patrick J. Martinez ◽  
Dana L. Winkelman ◽  
Alan E. Koenig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Otolith Chemistry ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ambient Levels

Otolith chemistry in freshwater has considerable potential to reveal patterns of origin and movement, which would benefit traditional fisheries management and provide a valuable tool to curb the spread of invasive and illicitly stocked species. We evaluated the relationship between otolith and water chemistry for five markers (Ba/Ca, Mn/Ca, Sr/Ca, Zn/Ca, and 87Sr/86Sr) in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) using the existing hatchery system in Colorado and Wyoming, USA, to provide controlled, seminatural conditions. Otolith Ba/Ca, Sr/Ca, and 87Sr/86Sr reflected ambient levels, whereas Mn/Ca and Zn/Ca did not. Using only the markers correlated with water chemistry, we classified fish to their hatchery of origin with up to 96% accuracy when element and isotope data were used together. Large changes in 87Sr/86Sr were evident in otolith transects, although subtler changes in Sr/Ca were also detectable. Our results suggest the relatively few otolith markers that reflect ambient chemistry can discriminate among locations and track movements well enough to provide valuable insight in a variety of applied contexts.

Illegal trade of aquarium species through the Brazilian postal service in Ceará State

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívio M. Gurjão ◽  
Glaura M. L. Barros ◽  
Daniele P. Lopes ◽  
Daniel A. N. Machado ◽  
Tito M. C. Lotufo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Marine Fish ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Betta Splendens ◽  
Illegal Trade ◽  
Postal Service ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Renewable Natural Resources

Brazil is one of the main suppliers of aquarium species globally, and Ceará state is a recognised trading centre for this activity. Despite Brazilian Postal Law forbidding the mailing of live or dead organisms, smugglers still use this service to transport aquarium species throughout the country. To assess this unlawful practice, the Brazilian Institute of the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA, Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis) and the Brazilian Post and Telegraph Co. (ECT, Empresa Brasileira de Correios e Telégrafos) conducted 57 confiscations involving domestic transportation only. The main origin and principal destination of the confiscated packages was south-eastern Brazil, especially São Paulo state, where package inspections must be intensified. Considering all groups of seized species, freshwater fish were by far the most represented organisms due to intense translocation of Betta splendens. Some of the confiscated marine fish, echinoderms and cnidarians are included in the Brazilian List of Threatened Species; thus, their exploitation is restricted or forbidden. In addition, only 18 of the seized species were native to Brazil, and just 12 of them occur naturally in Ceará state, which both raises concerns about potential bioinvasions and demands more control by the Brazilian authorities of smuggled species. Although some illegal traders were repeatedly caught mailing organisms, confiscations do seem to mitigate the illicit transportation of species to some extent.

scholarly journals Histamine Level in Freshwater and Marine Fish Sold in Bulgarian Markets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bangieva ◽  
D. Stratev ◽  
T. Stoyanchev
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fish ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Histamine Concentration ◽  
Microbial Decomposition ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
Seafood Processing ◽  
And Storage

Background: Histamine is an essential biogenic amine produced as a result of microbial decomposition of histidine during seafood processing and storage. The objective of this study was to evaluate histamine concentration in freshwater and marine fish marketed in Stara Zagora region, Bulgaria. Methods: Forty fish samples were purchased from local fish farms and retail stores in Stara Zagora, Bulgaria. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay was used to determine histamine levels. The data were processed using GraphPad Software InStat 3. Results: Histamine was detected in 26 out of 40 (65%) samples, and none of them exceeded the regulatory limit of 200 mg/kg. The average histamine content in marine fish (6.965±3.187 mg/kg) was insignificantly (p>0.05) higher than that in freshwater fish (4.503±1.133 mg/kg). Conclusion: The results reveal low levels of histamine in freshwater and marine fish indicating their good quality. However, its presence in seafoods remains a major food safety problem that requires permanent regulation of histamine concentration in fish.  

Comparative Effects of Temperature on the Sodium and Water Permeabilities of the Gills of a Stenohaline Freshwater Fish (Carassius Auratus) and a Stenohaline Marine Fish (Serranus Scriba, Serranus Cabrilla)

1972 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. ISAIA
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Marine Fish ◽  
Osmotic Gradient ◽  
Water Fluxes ◽  
Simple Diffusion ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Diffusional Permeability ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Sea Perch ◽  
Branchial Membrane

1. Comparative effects of temperature on the permeability of the gill to water and to sodium were studied in the marine sea perch Serranus and the freshwater goldfish Carassius. 2. The acclimation Q10 for the water fluxes is higher in the freshwater fish than in the marine fish. 3. In the goldfish the osmotic permeability (Pos) is greater than the diffusional permeability (Pdlf) at all acclimation temperatures, suggesting the presence of ‘waterfilled channels’ in the branchial membrane. In the sea perch, on the other hand, Pos/Pdlf is approximately 1, indicating that water movements probably occur by simple diffusion. 4. The permeabilities to water and to sodium are similar in the sea perch but very different in the goldfish. Considering these results together with those from a similar study on an elasmobranch, it would seem that the more perfect the semipermeability of the gill membrane and the weaker the transepithelial osmotic gradient, the greater is the branchial porosity. 5. Assuming that temperature changes do not cause modification of the branchial surface or relative permeabilities to water and to sodium the independence of the temperature-coefficient variations for water and for sodium indicates a certain dissociation between the movements of salt and of water, in the sea perch. In the goldfish, assuming a constant branchial surface and in view of the fact that Pos > Pdif the high temperature coefficients for the water fluxes suggest that the water in the ‘water-filled channels’ is in a highly organized state.

Multispecies and Watershed Approaches to Freshwater Fish Conservation

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Fish Conservation ◽  
Freshwater Systems ◽  
Partnership Development ◽  
Freshwater Habitats

<em>Abstract</em>.—Texas harbors 191 species of native freshwater fishes, 48% of which are considered imperiled. The primary cause of fish species imperilment in Texas is anthropogenic alteration of freshwater systems, which continues to occur at rates and scales that threaten the long-term resiliency of freshwater habitats, species, and ecosystems. Innovative conservation approaches are needed to restore and maintain functional watershed processes, restore freshwater habitats, and conserve native species while simultaneously supporting human needs, such as flood control, municipal and agricultural water supply, water quality protection, and water-based recreation. The need for an integrated and holistic approach to conservation of freshwater systems has been the impetus for development of the Texas Native Fish Conservation Areas Network (hereafter “Texas NFCAs Network”). The Texas NFCAs Network consists of springs, ciénegas, creeks, rivers, and associated watersheds uniquely valued in preservation of Texas freshwater fish diversity. Twenty native fish conservation areas have been designated throughout the state. These were selected based on a spatial prioritization focused on identification of freshwater systems critically important to the long-term persistence of 91 freshwater fishes considered species of greatest conservation need. Through a shared vision of collaborative stewardship, conservation partnerships have formed among nongovernmental organizations, universities, and state and federal agencies to plan and deliver actions within the Texas NFCAs Network to restore and preserve native fishes and their habitats. Furthermore, the Texas NFCAs Network has increased awareness of the ecological, recreational, and economic values of Texas freshwater systems and helped increase interest and capacity of local landowners, communities, and recreational users (e.g., paddlers, anglers) to act as advocates and local stewards of these systems. By facilitating partnership development, coordinating broad-based conservation planning, and leveraging technical and financial resources toward strategic conservation investments, the Texas NFCAs Network has served as a catalyst for collaborative, science-based stewardship of native freshwater fishes and their habitats in Texas. The Texas NFCAs Network offers a successful case study in multispecies and watershed approaches to freshwater fish conservation transferrable to other states in the United States, with particular relevance to those states that, similar to Texas, consist predominately of privately owned landscapes.

scholarly journals Relative contribution of water and diet to otolith chemistry in freshwater fish

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZA Doubleday ◽  
C Izzo ◽  
SH Woodcock ◽  
BM Gillanders
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Otolith Chemistry ◽  
Relative Contribution

Endocrine disruption in marine fish

2003 ◽  
Vol 75 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 2249-2261 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Matthiessen
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Endocrine Disruption ◽  
Marine Fish ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Top Predators

This topic reviews the whole field of endocrine disruption (ED) in marine fish and compares this with our knowledge of the situation in freshwater species. In broad terms, similar types of ED have been observed in the two groups, although effects in the marine environment tend to be less marked, presumably due to dispersion and dilution. There are, however, some data which suggest that marine fish that are top-predators can experience ED due to biomagnification of organochlorines. Processes such as smoltification, metamorphosis, and hermaphroditism, which are common in some marine species, may be particularly susceptible to ED, but have as yet been scarcely studied. As with freshwater fish, firm links to population-level effects have not yet been demonstrated, although it is not unreasonable to suppose that they are occurring in some locations. The topic concludes with some recommendations for future research.

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