Atypical correlation of otolith strontium : calcium and barium : calcium across a marine–freshwater life history transition of a diadromous fish

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Hamer ◽  
Angela Henderson ◽  
Michael Hutchison ◽  
Jodie Kemp ◽  
Corey Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Marine Water ◽  
Important Influence ◽  
Freshwater Environment ◽  
Freshwater Habitat ◽  
Check Mark ◽  
Diadromous Fish ◽  
Larval Stages

Variation in strontium (Sr) and barium (Ba) within otoliths is invaluable to studies of fish diadromy. Typically, otolith Sr:Ca is positively related to salinity, and the ratios of Ba and Sr to calcium (Ca) vary in opposite directions in relation to salinity. In this study of jungle perch, Kuhlia rupestris, otolith Sr:Ca and Ba:Ca, however, showed the same rapid increase as late-larval stages transitioned directly from a marine to freshwater environment. This transition was indicated by a microstructural check mark on otoliths at 35–45 days age. As expected ambient Sr was lower in the fresh than the marine water, however, low Ca levels (0.4mgL–1) of the freshwater resulted in the Sr:Ca being substantially higher than the marine water. Importantly, the otolith Sr:Ba ratio showed the expected pattern of a decrease from the marine to freshwater stage, illustrating that Sr:Ba provided a more reliable inference of diadromous behaviour based on prior expectations of their relationship to salinity, than did Sr:Ca. The results demonstrate that Ca variation in freshwaters can potentially be an important influence on otolith element:Ca ratios and that inferences of marine–freshwater habitat use from otolith Sr:Ca alone can be problematic without an understanding of water chemistry.

Otolith chemistry analyses indicate that water Sr:Ca is the primary factor influencing otolith Sr:Ca for freshwater and diadromous fish but not for marine fish

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 1790-1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy J. Brown ◽  
Kenneth P. Severin
Keyword(s):  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Marine Fish ◽  
Marine Water ◽  
Primary Factor ◽  
Otolith Chemistry ◽  
Freshwater Systems ◽  
Diadromous Fish ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Lower Variability

Water chemistry is thought to be the primary factor influencing fish otolith chemistry. Experimental results with freshwater and diadromous fish have been consistent with this paradigm, but with marine fish, they have often been ambiguous or contradictory. A review of water chemistry data indicated that Sr:Ca (mmol:mol) levels were higher in marine water than in most freshwater systems and that Sr:Ca variability was lower in marine water than in most freshwater systems. We therefore hypothesized that lifetime otolith Sr:Ca profiles of freshwater fish would exhibit low levels of Sr:Ca with moderate variability, of diadromous fish would exhibit highly variable Sr:Ca levels, and of marine fish would exhibit high levels of Sr:Ca with low variability. Otolith Sr:Ca profiles from 81 species of freshwater, diadromous, and marine fish revealed that freshwater fish had low levels of Sr:Ca and lower variability than expected relative to marine fish, diadromous fish had Sr:Ca levels and variability that were consistent with expectations, and marine fish had high maximum Sr:Ca levels, as expected, and high Sr:Ca variability, similar in magnitude to diadromous fish, which was not expected. These findings indicate that water Sr:Ca is the primary factor influencing otolith Sr:Ca variation for freshwater and diadromous fish but not for marine fish.

scholarly journals Moss mimesis par excellence: integrating previous and new data on the life history and larval ecomorphology of long-bodied craneflies (Diptera: Cylindrotomidae: Cylindrotominae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yume Imada
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Evolutionary Significance ◽  
Lateral Side ◽  
Apparent Absence ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Evolutionary Studies ◽  
Functional Explanations

Abstract Different physical structures play a central role in animal camouflage. However, in evolutionary studies of mimicry, the ecological and evolutionary significance of such structures has been poorly investigated. Larvae of long-bodied craneflies, Cylindrotominae, are all obligate herbivores and resemble plants. They are distinctively characterized by possessing numerous elongated cuticular lobes on the integument. A comprehensive overview of the biology and morphology of cylindrotomids, particularly their larval stages, is laid out, providing original data on nine species. To explore the ecological background of moss resemblance, host-plants of most examined species are clarified, revealing that terrestrial moss-feeding species tend to use specific groups of mosses, either belonging to Bryales or Hypnales. However, the evolution of cryptic forms remains paradoxical, due to the apparent absence of visual predators. Based on histological examinations, extensive internal musculatures within the cuticular lobes on the lateral side are discovered, shedding new light on their function in locomotion. Traditional functional explanations for these lobes, particularly as devices for respiration, locomotion and attachment, are challenged. This study promotes our understanding of the ecomorphology of mimicry devices, which is an angle often dismissed in evolutionary studies of mimicry.

The Euphausiidæ in the Neighbourhood of Plymouth. II. Nyctiphanes Couchii and Meganyctiphanes noruegica.

1925 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 810-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie V. Lebour
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Remaining Life ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
History Of ◽  
Meganyctiphanes Norvegica

The present paper is a continuation of last year's work on the Euphausiidæ in the neighbourhood of Plymouth (Lebour, 1924), in which the early larval stages were described of Nyctiphanes Couchii, Meganyctiphanes norvegica and, less fully, those of Thysanoessa inermis and T. neglecta. These two last-named forms are reserved for a detailed description in another paper, only Nyctiphanes and Meganyctiphanes being dealt with here. The first paper described these as far as the last Calyptopis stages, and it was shown that they were much alike although perfectly distinct, especially as regards colour. The nauplii and metanauplii were easily distinguishable. The whole of the remaining life-history of Nyctiphanes Couchii has now been elucidated and also that of Meganyctiphanes norvegica, with the exception of a few late larval stages. The absence of these, however, does not materially affect our knowledge of its life-history.

scholarly journals Climate drivers of adult insect activity are conditioned by life history traits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Belitz ◽  
Vijay Barve ◽  
Joshua Doby ◽  
Maggie Hantak ◽  
Elise Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Adult Insect ◽  
Regional Temperature ◽  
Insect Activity ◽  
Community Science ◽  
General Response

Insect phenological lability is key for determining which species will adapt under environmental change. However, little is known about when adult insect activity terminates, and overall activity duration. We used community-science and museum specimen data to investigate the effects of climate and urbanization on timing of adult insect activity for 101 species varying in life history traits. We found detritivores and species with aquatic larval stages extend activity periods most rapidly in response to increasing regional temperature. Conversely, species with subterranean larval stages have relatively constant durations regardless of regional temperature. Multivoltine and univoltine species both extended their period of adult activity similarly in warmer conditions. Longer adult durations may represent a general response to warming, but voltinism data in subtropical environments is likely underreported. This effort provides a framework to address drivers of adult insect phenology at continental scales, and a basis for predicting species response to environmental change.

scholarly journals The biology of Limacina retroversa

1954 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Morton
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clione Limacina

The Plymouth Fauna List contains records of two genera of pteropods, Limacina and Clione. Of the first, Limacina retroversa (Flem.) is by far the better-known species, apparently occurring regularly at Plymouth in large numbers in townettings from outside, and sometimes inside, the Sound. It breeds at Plymouth from June to August, and Lebour (1932) has given a detailed account of its breeding and larval stages and has discussed its role in the plankton. The second species of Limacina at Plymouth is lesueuri (d'Orbigny), which has been observed from time to time since 1906, when it was very common. The last record in the Fauna is off the Breakwater in 1920. Of the gymnosomatous pteropods, Clione limacina Phipps is the only species regularly occurring. Lebour (1931) has described the life history of this form, and mentions February to August as its months of greatest abundance. Its breeding season is June to August. Another gymnosome, tentatively referred to as Clionina longicauda, is reported by Russell (1936), and from the specimen department at Plymouth Laboratory the writer obtained some preserved specimens, not easily identifiable, of a Pneumodermopsis taken locally; its species is perhaps ciliata, recorded by Massy (1917) from the Irish Coast.

scholarly journals Life history scan using otolith Sr：Ca ratios of diadromous fish in the Gouno River, western Japan.

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya UMINO ◽  
Masaki YAMAMOTO ◽  
Naoki SASADA ◽  
Kenichi OHARA
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Diadromous Fish ◽  
Otolith Sr:Ca Ratios ◽  
Sr:Ca Ratios ◽  
Western Japan

Spatially dynamic maternal control of migratory fish recruitment pulses triggered by shifting seasonal cues

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Goto ◽  
Martin J. Hamel ◽  
Mark A. Pegg ◽  
Jeremy J. Hammen ◽  
Matthew L. Rugg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Local Density ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Biophysical Model ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Predation Mortality ◽  
Stability And Resilience

Environmental regimes set the timing and location of early life-history events of migratory species with synchronised reproduction. However, modified habitats in human-dominated landscapes may amplify uncertainty in predicting recruitment pulses, impeding efforts to restore habitats invaluable to endemic species. The present study assessed how environmental and spawner influences modulate recruitment variability and persistence of the Missouri River shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus) under modified seasonal spawning and nursery habitat conditions. Using a spatially explicit individual-based biophysical model, spawning cycle, early life-history processes (dispersal, energetics and survival) and prey production were simulated under incrementally perturbed flow (from –10 to –30%) and temperature (+1 and +2°C) regimes over 50 years. Simulated flow reduction and warming synergistically contracted spring spawning habitats (by up to 51%) and periods (by 19%). Under these conditions, fewer mature females entered a reproductive cycle, and more females skipped spawning, reducing spawning biomass by 20–50%. Many spawners migrated further to avoid increasingly unfavourable habitats, intensifying local density dependence in larval stages and, in turn, increasing size-dependent predation mortality. Diminished egg production (by 20–97%) and weakened recruitment pulses (by 46–95%) ultimately reduced population size by 21–74%. These simulations illustrate that environmentally amplified maternal influences on early life histories can lower sturgeon population stability and resilience to ever-increasing perturbations.

scholarly journals Ontogeny of Orientation during the Early Life History of the Pelagic Teleost Mahi-Mahi, Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758

Oceans ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Faillettaz ◽  
Eve Johnson ◽  
Patrick Dahlmann ◽  
Alexandra Syunkova ◽  
John Stieglitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Early Juvenile ◽  
Pelagic Species ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Coryphaena Hippurus ◽  
Laboratory Setup ◽  
Early Juvenile Stage ◽  
The Individual

Understanding the orientation behavior and capabilities in early life history (ELH) of fishes is critical for studying their dispersal but has, surprisingly, never been tested in any pelagic species. We here investigate the ontogeny of orientation and swimming abilities of the pelagic Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758 larvae, hereafter mahi-mahi, through their ELH stages using the Drifting In Situ Chamber (DISC) in a laboratory setup. The DISC was deployed in a large (3 m3) circular aquarium in order to control the stimulus perceived by the fish and to identify behavioral response at the individual, developmental stage, and population levels. A total of 79 individual ranging from 7 to 23 days post hatch and from preflexion to early juvenile stages were exposed to a directional light mimicking the sun’s position. Orientation towards the light direction was tested by switching the light by 180° among trials. To compare the orientation among development stages, we scaled the directionality by the swimming ability, therein defined as “directionality competence”. The results show that while mahi-mahi directionality competence increases through ontogeny, they acquire a positive and directional phototaxis behavior at the flexion stage. This potential solar orientation is kept through the early juvenile stage. Mahi-mahi may thus be able to use the sun as a compass in the open ocean as observed in the larval stages of demersal species seeking for settlement habitats. This ability notably develops before the improvement of their swimming capabilities, suggesting that early orientation—even at micro-scale—and swimming capabilities may be equally important for the survival of the ELH stages of pelagic species.

scholarly journals Patterns of Life History and Habitat Use of an Important Recreational Fishery Species, Spotfin Croaker, and Their Potential Fishery Implications

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P. Williams ◽  
Jeremy T. Claisse ◽  
Daniel J. Pondella ◽  
Lea Medeiros ◽  
Charles F. Valle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Recreational Fishery ◽  
Fishery Species
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