Bioavailability of sediment-bound metals for Vallisneria americana Michx, a submerged aquatic plant, in the St. Lawrence River

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1330-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise St-Cyr ◽  
Peter GC Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Sediment Geochemistry ◽  
Vallisneria Americana ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Submerged Aquatic Plant ◽  
Free Metal ◽  
Sediment Interface ◽  
St Lawrence River

We have assessed the bioavailability of sediment-bound metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in the St. Lawrence River using a rooted aquatic plant, Vallisneria americana Michx, as the biomonitor species. The host sediments were subjected to a sequential leaching procedure to determine the partitioning of the metals present in the surficial oxic stratum; previously published equations were then used to estimate the free metal ion concentrations at the root-sediment interface. Suspected metal accumulation in foliage from point-source pollution of the water column obscured sediment-plant relationships at several sampling stations, but in general, plant metal concentrations could be predicted on the basis of sediment geochemistry (including sediment metal concentrations). Metal concentrations in Vallisneria tissues correlated more closely with estimates of bioavailable sediment-bound metal than with total metal concentrations in sediments, particularly for Cd, Pb, and Zn. Roots proved to be better bioindicator organs than shoots for monitoring sediment contamination. Overall, the results demonstrate that Vallisneria would be a useful biomonitor species of metal contamination in the St. Lawrence River.

Metal concentrations in two freshwater gastropods (Mollusca) in the St. Lawrence River and relationships with environmental contamination

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (S1) ◽  
pp. 126-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Flessas ◽  
Yves Couillard ◽  
Bernadette Pinel-Alloul ◽  
Louise St-Cyr ◽  
Peter GC Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Freshwater Gastropods ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Bithynia Tentaculata ◽  
Free Metal ◽  
Sediment Interface ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
St Lawrence River

This study assesses the potential use of two dominant freshwater gastropod species of the St. Lawrence River, Bithynia tentaculata (Prosobranchia) and Physa gyrina (Pulmonata), as biomonitors of metal pollution. Gastropods were collected in the littoral zone of Lake St. Louis and Lake St. Pierre, two shallow fluvial lakes of the St. Lawrence River, at sampling stations chosen to represent a metal concentration gradient in sediments. The soft body tissues of snails were analyzed for Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. Metal concentrations in snail tissues were related to those in macrophytes, on which the snails were collected, and in nearby sediments, where the metal ion concentrations at the water-sediment interface were estimated. There was a significant effect of age on the essential metals Cu and Zn, adults of B. tentaculata showing higher concentrations than juveniles. Significant relationships were obtained between Cd and Zn concentrations in snail tissues and those in the environment (macrophytes or the estimated free metal ion levels at the water-sediment interface). Some other relationships were also obtained with Ni, Pb, and Cu in P. gyrina. Bithynia tentaculata appears to be a promising biomonitor species, particularly for Cd and Zn.

Copper, zinc, and nickel in soil solution affected by biosolids amendment and soil management

Soil Research ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guodong Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Ion Activities ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Free Metal

Soil plots on a pasture were amended with biosolids spiked with copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), or zinc (Zn), resulting in maximum concentrations of 181 mg Cu, 58 mg Ni, and 296 mg Zn/kg in soil. Soil solutions from the plots were obtained by centrifugation for chemical analyses, and free metal ion activities (Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+) were computed from the Windermere Humic Aqueous Model (WHAM). In the 3 years after biosolids amendment, the concentrations and activities of Cu, Ni, and Zn in soil solution increased with their amounts in biosolids. Copper and Ni concentrations in soil solution were higher than their critical concentrations recently reported in the literature. While Cu in soil solution was dominated by Cu-humic complexes, Ni2+ and Zn2+ were the majority species of the metals. Liming the soil plots to increase pH from 5.5 to ~7 greatly reduced the concentrations of the trace metals, particularly Zn; Cu2+, Zn2+, and Ni2+ were decreased by orders of magnitude 2–3, 2, and 1, respectively. Metal concentrations and activities fluctuated in the next 2 years as soil pH changed slightly and then after the use of elemental sulfur to acidify soil to pH ~6.5. Eight years after application of biosolids and through soil pH adjustment by lime and sulfur, Cu2+ and Zn2+ were very close to, and Ni2+ was a few times higher than, their corresponding baseline values. Maintaining a near neutral pH thus would be the key to keeping bioavailable metal concentrations low in a soil with an organic carbon content of 23.8 g/kg.

Metal bioaccumulation and oxidative stress in yellow perch (Perca flavescens) collected from eight lakes along a metal contamination gradient (Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni)

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anik Giguère ◽  
Peter GC Campbell ◽  
Landis Hare ◽  
Carole Cossu-Leguille
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Free Metal ◽  
Free Metal Ion

Links among metal exposure, metal accumulation, and metal-induced effects were explored in indigenous yellow perch (Perca flavescens) collected from eight lakes located along a metal concentration gradient in two mining regions. Fish exposure to Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn was estimated on the basis of calculated free metal ion concentrations in lake waters. Hepatic metal concentrations were determined and various markers of oxidative stress were measured to assess metal effects in liver cells. Accumulated metals were not consistently related to ambient free metal ion concentrations, possibly because of unaccounted for fluctuations in lake water metal concentrations. Accumulated metals were associated with limited oxidative stress in perch livers, as evidenced by reductions in glutathione concentrations and glutathione reductase activities. However, this stress appeared to be minor, since increasing hepatic Cu concentrations were associated with reduced lipid peroxidation, a response opposite to that predicted from basic principles. Our results suggest that oxidative stress will not have direct repercussions on the health of the perch at the individual level. We speculate that the observed increase in metallothionein concentrations with increasing accumulated metals might afford protection against reactive oxygen species.

Metal accumulation in American wild celery (Vallisneria americana Michx.) in the St. Lawrence River: effects of water depth and exposure to current

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 2317-2328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Hudon
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Vallisneria Americana ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
St Lawrence River

The sensitivity of Vallisneria americana Michx. as an indicator species of metal concentrations was assessed through the examination of its spatial (between- and within-site) and temporal (short- and long-term) variability. Eight macrophyte beds located in the St. Lawrence and Ottawa rivers were selected to contrast metal concentrations found in plants exposed to different types of waters, upstream and downstream of their confluence, in the Greater Montreal urban area. Comparisons among sites revealed higher metal concentrations, both in water and in plant tissues, at sites exposed to Ottawa River "brown" waters than at sites exposed to St. Lawrence River "green" waters. Within each site, samples represented a broad range in terms of water depths, exposure to current, incident light intensity, and total plant biomass. At all sites, metal concentrations in plant tissues were lowest in the shallow water found in sheltered, dense beds of submerged aquatic vegetation and increased in deep, open-water areas beyond the limits of dense vegetation. This persistent gradient may result from local differences in plant growth rates, exposure to currents, and (or) metal bioavailability. The use of a sampling strategy designed to control for within-site (depth-balanced) variability makes it possible to measure spatial and (or) temporal differences on the order of 20% whereas unbalanced sampling designs may lead to erroneous conclusions. Significant reductions in metal concentrations in plant tissue were observed both between 1994 and 1996 (Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, N) and between 1976 and 1996 (Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn, N). Particular care must be given to sampling design if V. americana is to be used as a biological indicator of further long-term reductions in metal concentrations.

Prediction of Soluble Nickel Removal by Activated Sludge Using Free Metal Ion Concentrations

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeppe S. Nielsen ◽  
Steve E. Hrudey ◽  
Frederick F. Cantwell
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Nickel Ion ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Untreated Sewage ◽  
Nickel Uptake ◽  
Nickel Removal ◽  
Free Metal ◽  
Free Metal Ion

Batch isotherm studies using spiked sewage samples containing a range of total soluble nickel concentrations typical of municipal sewage strongly suggested that it is the free (i.e. uncomplexed) nickel ion that is sorbed by activated sludge. Equations relating nickel uptake by activated sludge to free nickel ion concentrations and the extent of complexation in untreated sewage were developed and applied. Predicted and measured nickel removals generally agreed to within ± 30%.

Free metal ion availability is a major factor for tolerance and growth in Physcomitrella patens

2015 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Sassmann ◽  
Wolfram Adlassnig ◽  
Markus Puschenreiter ◽  
Edwin Julio Palomino Cadenas ◽  
Mario Leyvas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Free Metal ◽  
Free Metal Ion

Effects of reactive gas addition on ionization of metal atoms in droplet-free metal ion sources

2007 ◽  
Vol 201 (15) ◽  
pp. 6655-6659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiji Nakamura ◽  
Akira Wakayama ◽  
Ken Yukimura
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ion Sources ◽  
Metal Atoms ◽  
Free Metal ◽  
Free Metal Ion ◽  
Reactive Gas

Prediction of free metal ion activity in contaminated soils using WHAM VII, baker soil test and solubility model

Chemosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 243 ◽  
pp. 125408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debasis Golui ◽  
S.P. Datta ◽  
B.S. Dwivedi ◽  
M.C. Meena ◽  
V.K. Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Ion Activity ◽  
Solubility Model ◽  
Free Metal ◽  
Free Metal Ion
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