Determining sampling date interval for precise in situ estimates of cumulative food consumption by fishes

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1131-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory W Whitledge ◽  
Robert S Hayward
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Lepomis Cyanellus ◽  
Lotic Systems ◽  
Green Sunfish

We tested the influence of sampling date interval (SDI) on precision of in situ estimates of cumulative food consumption by fishes. Daily rations of stream-dwelling green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) and impoundment-dwelling bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) were estimated for 30 consecutive days using a low-effort procedure. Cumulative consumption by each species over the 30-day period (and 95% CIs) was estimated using Monte Carlo simulations. The effect of SDI on cumulative consumption estimates was examined by calculating cumulative consumption for SDIs of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 14, and 30 days; the 1-day SDI served as a standard for evaluation of other SDIs. Cumulative consumption estimates began to fall outside the 95% CI for the 1-day SDI at SDIs of 3-4 days and did so with with increasing frequency as SDI increased. Error in estimating cumulative consumption was almost always [Formula: see text]15% relative to the 1-day SDI standard at SDIs of 5 days or less but was as high as 26 and 39% at SDIs of 6 and 7 days, respectively. Our results suggest that sampling at least every 5 days may be required to obtain precise estimates of cumulative consumption by fishes in lotic systems and small impoundments.

In-Situ Measurement of Artificial Nuclides in Seabed Sediments Based on Monte Carlo Simulations and an Underwater HPGe Detector

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Jinzhao Zhang ◽  
Hongzhi Li ◽  
Xianguo Tuo
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Hpge Detector ◽  
High Energy ◽  
In Situ Measurement ◽  
Energy Calibration ◽  
High Energy Resolution ◽  
Seabed Sediments

AbstractIn-situ measurement of marine sediment radioactivity does not destroy the stratification of radionuclides in the sediment. We develop a novel seabed sediment radioactive measurement technique using a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector. The overall measurement system is designed, and the detector energy calibration is performed. The efficiency is calculated based on Monte Carlo simulations using the MCNP5 code. We compared the efficiency and energy resolution with the NaI(Tl) detection through experiments. NaI(Tl) detection is incapable of identifying the 137Cs artificial nuclides in seabed sediments due to the energy resolution limit. Hence, underwater HPGe detection is utilized due to its high energy resolution, which enables the detection of artificial nuclides 137Cs. The proposed method is of great significance in evaluating marine radioactive pollution.

scholarly journals Validation of three back-calculation models by using multiple oxytetracycline marks formed in the otoliths and scales of bluegill × green sunfish hybrids

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A Klumb ◽  
Michael A Bozek ◽  
Richard V Frie
Keyword(s):  
Model Validation ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
Lepomis Cyanellus ◽  
Lee Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Back Calculation ◽  
Green Sunfish ◽  
Calculation Models

We assessed the accuracy of the Fraser–Lee, biological-intercept, and Weisberg back-calculation models to estimate growth from otoliths and scales of laboratory-reared juvenile bluegill × green sunfish hybrids (Lepomis macrochirus × Lepomis cyanellus). Hybrid sunfish were injected three times with oxytetracycline hydrochloride at 90-day intervals to mark bony structures, creating simulated annuli for model validation. Back-calculated lengths (BCLs) with otoliths were generally less accurate than scales for all three models. Errors ranged from –8.2 to 7.8% for the Fraser–Lee model, from –8.0 to 8.3% for the biological-intercept model, and from –6.5 to 14.3% for the Weisberg model. For all three models, there was no significant difference in BCLs using left or right otoliths, and BCLs using the Fraser–Lee and biological-intercept models were not significantly different from each other. In contrast with otoliths, all three models produced accurate BCLs from scales; errors ranged from –4.3 to 0.1%. For juvenile hybrid sunfish, we recommend using scales for back-calculation of growth. The Fraser–Lee (with zero intercept) and biological-intercept models produced the most accurate BCLs from otoliths. However, due to potential decoupling of otolith and body growth, caution should be exercised when estimating juvenile hybrid sunfish growth from otoliths.

Seabed radioactivity based on in situ measurements and Monte Carlo simulations

2015 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.G. Androulakaki ◽  
C. Tsabaris ◽  
G. Eleftheriou ◽  
M. Kokkoris ◽  
D.L. Patiris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
In Situ Measurements

Influence of Photoperiod on Growth of Green Sunfish, Lepomis cyanellus

1965 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1379-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Gross ◽  
E. W. Roelofs ◽  
P. O. Fromm
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Lepomis Cyanellus ◽  
Exposed Fish ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Warmwater Fish ◽  
Green Sunfish ◽  
Food Conversion Efficiency

Four 6-week experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of photoperiod on growth (total length and weight), food consumption, and food conversion efficiency by green sunfish. Fish were held at constant temperatures in light-tight aquaria under four photoperiods (8-hr constant; 16-hr constant; variable, increasing from 8 to 16 hr; and variable, decreasing from 16 to 8 hr).Growth, food consumption, and food conversion efficiency were all influenced by photoperiod. Food consumption varied directly with the amount of light to which fish were exposed. Fish growth and food conversion efficiency were closely correlated and were generally highest in the increasing, lowest in the decreasing, and intermediate in the two constant photoperiods, but higher in the longer daylength. The results suggest that photoperiod influences growth through increasing conversion efficiency and also possibly through stimulating food consumption.Varying daylength exerts a greater influence on fish growth than a constant daylength. Increasing photoperiod stimulates growth and decreasing photoperiod inhibits growth. This result suggests that the lack of growth of warmwater fish in fall when water temperatures and average daylength correspond to those of spring is largely due to the influence of decreasing daylength.

Multiple-scattering lidar retrieval method: tests on Monte Carlo simulations and comparisons with in situ measurements

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (30) ◽  
pp. 6307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc R. Bissonnette ◽  
Gilles Roy ◽  
Laurent Poutier ◽  
Stewart G. Cober ◽  
George A. Isaac
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
Multiple Scattering ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
Retrieval Method
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