Mineralogy of the Lake zone, Thor Lake rare-metals deposit, N.W.T., Canada

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 516-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Robert Pinckston ◽  
Dorian G. W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Nepheline Syenite ◽  
Rare Metal ◽  
Minor Components ◽  
Rare Metals ◽  
Heavy Rare Earth ◽  
The Core ◽  
Lake Zone ◽  
Pyrochlore Group ◽  
Rare Metal Mineralization ◽  
Heavy Rare Earth Elements

The Proterozoic (ca. 2.1 Ga) Blatchford Lake suite hosts significant concentrations of rare metals at the core of a peralkaline granite–syenite pluton. After emplacement of the Grace Lake Granite and the Thor Lake Syenite within it, bodies of nepheline syenite, ijolite, and urtite were intruded beneath the present-day Lake zone. This is the largest of five zones of mineralization and lies close to the apex of the Thor Lake Syenite, a region which was then subjected to albitization, microclinization, and, finally, rare-metal mineralization. The underlying silica-undersaturated rocks contain clots of rare-metal-bearing minerals, including cerianite-(Ce), britholite-(Ce), thorite, and calcium catapleiite, interstitial to nepheline and aegirine. The Lake zone itself contains major quantities of Zr (in zircon), Nb (in ferrocolumbite, pyrochlore group minerals, aeschynite group minerals, and fergusonite-(Y)), and Ce (in allanite-(Ce), monazite-(Ce), and bastnäsite group minerals). Lesser amounts of Ta, Y, heavy rare earth elements, U, Th, and Ga are also present, mainly as minor components of rare-metal-bearing minerals. Electron microprobe analyses of the major rare-metal-bearing minerals are presented.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF BERILLIUM AND RARE METAL MINERALIZATION IN SYENITE OF THE PERGA DEPOSIT (UKRAINIAN SHIELD)

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
О. Dubyna ◽  
S. Kryvdik ◽  
V. Belskyy ◽  
О. Vyshnevskyi
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Fluid Phase ◽  
Rare Metal ◽  
Geochemical Characteristics ◽  
Ukrainian Shield ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Rare Metals ◽  
Rare Metal Mineralization ◽  
Mn Content

The results of the ore and accessory minerals study in the syenite of the Perga beryllium deposit are discussed. Phenakite and genthelvite are found among Be-bearing minerals. Genthelvite of this syenite, being compared to early published data on genthelvite of the Perga deposit, is distinguished by the highest ZnO content which is close to the theoretical maximum) due to the alkaline nature of studied rock ((Na + K)/Al = 1.09). Genthelvite occurs as later mineral to phenakite or is formed by phenakite replacement at rising the alkalinity as a result of melt differentiation. Columbite with high-Mn content, Y-silicate (keiviite-(Y)?), rare-earth fluorocarbonate (bastnesite) are also found among other minerals of rare metals. The presence of fluorite and rare-earth fluorocarbonate in association with genthelvite or phenakite may indicate that Be and REE were transported in ore-bearing fluids as complex fluorine-carbonate compounds. Considering the geochemical characteristics of rocks (meta-aluminous, subalkaline and alkaline series, deep negative Euanomalies, low Sr, Ba, elevated – HFS elements) from the Sushcano-Perga region, enrichment of these rocks with rare metals and Be are related to intensive feldspar fractionation of the primary melts and due to alkaline oversaturation, volatile and rare metals (Be, Li, REE, Y, Nb, Ta) enrichment in the residual fractions of granitic or syenitic compositions. Postmagmatic alkaline solutions enriched in F and CO32- promote of Be concentration in fluid phase with its following migration and crystallization as genthelvite.

scholarly journals Pyrochlore-Group Minerals in the Granite-Hosted Katugin Rare-Metal Deposit, Transbaikalia, Russia

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 490
Author(s):  
Anastasia E. Starikova ◽  
Ekaterina P. Bazarova ◽  
Valentina B. Savel’eva ◽  
Eugene V. Sklyarov ◽  
Elena A. Khromova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nepheline Syenite ◽  
Rare Metal ◽  
Granitic Rocks ◽  
Ore Deposit ◽  
Metal Deposit ◽  
Pyrochlore Group ◽  
Magmatic Stage ◽  
Rare Metal Deposit ◽  
Late Magmatic Stage ◽  
High Concentrations

Pyrochlore group minerals are the main raw phases in granitic rocks of the Katugin complex-ore deposit that stores Nb, Ta, Y, REE, U, Th, Zr, and cryolite. There are three main types: Primary magmatic, early postmagmatic (secondary-I), and late hydrothermal (secondary-II) pyrochlores. The primary magmatic phase is fluornatropyrochlore, which has high concentrations of Na2O (to 10.5 wt.%), F (to 5.4 wt.%), and REE2O3 (to 17.3 wt.%) but also low CaO (0.6–4.3 wt.%), UO2 (to 2.6 wt.%), ThO2 (to 1.8 wt.%), and PbO (to 1.4 wt.%). Pyrochlore of this type is very rare in nature and is limited to a few occurrences: Rare-metal deposits of Nechalacho in syenite and nepheline syenite (Canada) and Mariupol in nepheline syenite (Ukraine). It may have crystallized synchronously with or slightly later than melanocratic minerals (aegirine, biotite, and arfvedsonite) at the late magmatic stage when Fe from the melt became bound, which hindered the crystallization of columbite. Secondary-I pyrochlore follows cracks or replaces primary pyrochlore in grain rims and is compositionally similar to the early phase, except for lower Na2O concentrations (2.8 wt.%), relatively low F (4 wt.%), and less complete A- and Y-sites occupancy. Secondary-II pyrochlore is a product of late hydrothermal alteration, which postdated the formation of the Katugin deposit. It differs in large ranges of elements and contains minor K, Ba, Pb, Fe, and significant Si concentrations but also low Na and F. Its composition mostly falls within the field of hydro- and keno-pyrochlore.

scholarly journals Mineralogical Tracers of Gold and Rare-Metal Mineralization in Eastern Kazakhstan

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Boris A. D’yachkov ◽  
Ainel Y. Bissatova ◽  
Marina A. Mizernaya ◽  
Sergey V. Khromykh ◽  
Tatiana A. Oitseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
Rare Metal ◽  
Rare Metals ◽  
Mineral Assemblages ◽  
Rare Metal Mineralization ◽  
Rare Metal Pegmatite ◽  
Eastern Kazakhstan ◽  
Gold Bearing

Replenishment of mineral resources, especially gold and rare metals, is critical for progress in the mining and metallurgical industry of Eastern Kazakhstan. To substantiate the scientific background for mineral exploration, we study microinclusions in minerals from gold and rare-metal fields, as well as trace-element patterns in ores and their hosts that may mark gold and rare-metal mineralization. The revealed compositions of gold-bearing sulfide ores and a number of typical minerals (magnetite, goethite, arsenopyrite, antimonite, gold and silver) and elements (Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, and Sb) can serve as exploration guides. The analyzed samples contain rare micrometer lead (alamosite, kentrolite, melanotekite, cotunnite) and nickel (bunsenite, trevorite, gersdorffite) phases and accessory cassiterite, wolframite, scheelite, and microlite. The ores bear native gold (with Ag and Pt impurities) amenable to concentration by gravity and flotation methods. Multistage rare-metal pegmatite mineralization can be predicted from the presence of mineral assemblages including cleavelandite, muscovite, lepidolite, spodumene, pollucite, tantalite, microlite, etc. and such elements as Ta, Nb, Be, Li, Cs, and Sn. Pegmatite veins bear diverse Ta minerals (columbite, tantalite-columbite, manganotantalite, ixiolite, and microlite) that accumulated rare metals late during the evolution of the pegmatite magmatic system. The discovered mineralogical and geochemical criteria are useful for exploration purposes.

Selective recovery of heavy rare earth elements from apatite with an adsorbent bearing immobilized tridentate amido ligands

2016 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 157-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Ogata ◽  
Hirokazu Narita ◽  
Mikiya Tanaka ◽  
Mihoko Hoshino ◽  
Yoshiaki Kon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Heavy Rare Earth ◽  
Amido Ligands ◽  
Selective Recovery ◽  
Heavy Rare Earth Elements

scholarly journals Effect of acid mine drainage on dissolved rare earth elements geochemistry along a fluvial–estuarine system: the Tinto-Odiel Estuary (S.W. Spain)

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Borrego ◽  
B. Carro ◽  
N. López-González ◽  
J. de la Rosa ◽  
J. A. Grande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Estuarine System ◽  
Mixing Zone ◽  
Heavy Rare Earth ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Heavy Rare Earth Elements

The concentration of rare earth elements together with Sc, Y, and U, as well as rare earth elements fractionation patterns, in the water of an affected acid mine drainage system were investigated. Significant dissolved concentrations of the studied elements were observed in the fluvial sector of this estuary system (Sc ∼ 31 μg L−1, Y ∼ 187 μg L−1, U ∼ 41 μg L−1, Σ rare earth elements ∼621 μg L−1), with pH values below 2.7. In the mixing zone of the estuary, concentrations are lower (Sc ∼ 2.1 μg L−1; Y ∼ 16.7 μg L−1; U ∼ 4.8 μg L−1; Σ rare earth elements ∼65.3 μg L−1) and show a strong longitudinal gradient. The largest rare earth elements removal occurs in the medium-chlorinity zone and it becomes extreme for heavy rare earth elements, as observed for Sc. Samples of the mixing zone show a North American Shale normalized pattern similar to the fluvial zone water, while the samples located in the zone with pH between 6.5 and 7.7 show a depletion of light rare earth elements relative to middle rare earth elements and heavy rare earth elements, similar to that observed in samples of the marine estuary.

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