Reaction of mixed magnesium–aluminum and calcium–aluminum hydroxides with Wyoming bentonite

1969 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
J. S. Clark ◽  
G. J. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Aluminum Hydroxides ◽  
Wyoming Bentonite

Excess AlCl3 was reacted with Mg(OH)2 and Ca(OH)2 in suspensions of Wyoming bentonite and the nature of the reaction products formed and their effect on the cation-exchange capacity (CEC) of the clay was determined. Reaction of Mg(OH)2 and AlCl3 with the clay produced marked decreases of the CEC in the bentonite, whereas much smaller decreases were observed in the Ca–Al–clay preparations. The decreases in the CEC were attributed to the formation of mixed Mg–Al and Ca–Al hydroxide clay complexes. The greater stability of the mixed Mg–Al hydroxide complexes with the clay appeared to account for the marked reduction of CEC in these systems.

ESTIMATION OF THE INORGANIC AND ORGANIC pH-DEPENDENT CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY OF THE B HORIZONS OF PODZOLIC AND BRUNISOLIC SOILS

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Clark ◽  
W. E. Nichol
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Hydrous Oxides ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ph Dependent ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Wyoming Bentonite

Heating in hydrogen peroxide, dilute oxalic acid, and dilute aluminum oxalate did not change the effective cation exchange capacity (CEC) or the pH-7 CEC of Wyoming bentonite and Alberni clay soil containing excess Al(OH)x. This indicated that treatment of soils with H2O2 to oxidize organic matter and the possible production of oxalates during oxidation did not change the CEC values of the inorganic fraction of soils even if some clay exchange sites were blocked by hydrous oxides of Al.With soils of pH less than approximately 5.4, oxidation of organic matter did not change the effective CECs although the pH-7 CEC values were decreased. Thus, organic matter in acid soils appeared to have little or no effective CEC. Because of this and the negligible effect of H2O2 oxidation on the CEC values of clays, the difference of the pH-7 CEC of soils before and after H2O2 oxidation provided a simple means of estimating the amount of organic pH-dependent CEC in acid soils.The amount of organically derived pH-dependent CEC was determined in a number of soils by means of peroxide oxidation. The technique provided a useful indication of the quantities of sesquioxide–organic matter complexes accumulated in medium- and fine-textured soils.

Cation and Anion Sorption Capability of Organophilic Bentonite

1997 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bors ◽  
St. Dultz ◽  
B. Riebe
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Negative Particle ◽  
Strontium Ions ◽  
Wyoming Bentonite

ABSTRACTSorption experiments were performed with iodide, cesium and strontium ions on MX-80 Wyoming-bentonite treated with hexadecylpyridinium (HDPy+) in amounts equivalent to 0.2 - 4.0 times the cation exchange capacity (CEC) using 125I- 134Cs+ and 85Sr2+ as tracers. In HDPy-bentonite, iodide exhibited increasing adsorption, while cesium and strontium ions showed decreasing adsorption with increasing organophilicity. It was also found that the Cs+affinity to original and HDPy-bentonite was considerably higher than that of Sr2+ ions. HDPy+ uptake in increasing concentrations resulted in a pronounced expansion of the basal spacings (d002 reflex at 2.78 nm) and in a change of the negative particle surface charge to positive values.

scholarly journals SOME PROPERTIES OF ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE PRECIPITATED IN THE PRESENCE OF CLAYS

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Aluminum Hydroxide ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wyoming Bentonite

With Arizona bentonite, Wyoming bentonite, Fithian illite, and Georgia kaolin it was found that the OH/Al ratio of the aluminum hydroxide precipitated was about 2.7, providing the initial OH/Al ratio was not greater than 2.7. When the initial OH/Al ratio was increased to 3.0 the OH/Al ratio of the precipitate also increased to 3.0. The decrease in cation exchange capacity of the clays per milliequivalent of Al in the precipitate was independent of the initial OH/Al ratio when the ratio was varied from 1.0 to 2.7. When this ratio was increased beyond 2.7, however, inactivation of the exchange sites decreased, until with an initial OH/Al ratio of 3.0 there was very little decrease in exchange capacity. It required less precipitated Al to decrease the exchange capacity of Arizona bentonite than it did for the other three clays.

REACTIONS OF PHOSPHATE WITH ALUMINUM AND WYOMING BENTONITE

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Webber ◽  
J. S. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Aluminum Phosphate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Aluminum Complexes ◽  
Phosphate Phase ◽  
Wyoming Bentonite

Reactions between phosphate, Al and Wyoming bentonite in aqueous suspensions were studied under two conditions: (1) H3PO4 was added after interlayer hydroxy aluminum complexes had been formed by the addition of Ca(OH)2 to AlCl3 + bentonite suspensions; and (2) H3PO4 was added to AlCl3 + bentonite suspensions before the addition of Ca(OH)2. The suspensions were aerated and maintained at 25 °C.When H3PO4 was added after the formation of hydroxy aluminum complexes, the results were not significantly different from those when Ca(OH)2 was added to suspensions containing both AlCl3 and H3PO4. Phosphate was removed from solution and an interlayer hydrous aluminum phosphate was formed which increased the d(001) spacings of the bentonite. The amount of phosphate removed from solution increased to a maximum with increasing amounts of H3PO4 added and over this range there was no change in cation exchange capacity (CEC). Large amounts of H3PO4 increased the CEC of the bentonite. A major part of the reaction was completed within 24 hours and the values of pH changed only slightly from 1 to 120 days.Values of the (Al) (OH)2(H2PO4) ion product measured after aging for 14 days were larger than would have been maintained by crystalline variscite, but X-ray diffraction studies showed no evidence for formation of a separate crystalline phosphate phase.

EVALUASI PERUBAHAN KUALITAS TANAH PADA LAHAN BEKAS PENAMBANGAN NIKEL DI PULAU GEBE

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mardi Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Evaluation Activity ◽  
Land Quality ◽  
Environment Quality

Since year 1977 until 2005, PT. ANTAM has been exploited nickel ore resources at Gebe Island – Center ofHalmahera District – North Maluku Province. Mining activity, beside give economically advantages also causedegradation of environment quality espicially land quality. Therefore, it need evaluation activity for change ofland quality at Gebe Island after mining activity.From chemical rehabilitation aspect, post mining land and rehabilitation land indacate very lack and lackfertility (base saturated 45,87 – 99,6%; cation exchange capacity 9,43 – 12,43%; Organic Carbon 1,12 –2,31%). From availability of nutrirnt element aspect, post mining land and rehabilitation land indicate verylack and lack fertility (nitrogen 0,1 – 1,19%). Base on that data, it can be concluded that land reclamationactivity not yet achieve standart condition of chemical land.Key words : land quality, post mining lan

scholarly journals Attributes of the soil fertilized with sewage sludge and calcium and magnesium silicate

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1107-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo R. Zuba Junio ◽  
Regynaldo A. Sampaio ◽  
Altina L. Nascimento ◽  
Luiz A. Fernandes ◽  
Natália N. de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Magnesium Silicate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Sludge Compost ◽  
Sewage Sludge Compost ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the chemical attributes of an Inceptisol cultivated with castor bean (Ricinus communis L.), variety ‘BRS Energia’, fertilized with sewage sludge compost and calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) silicate. The experiment was conducted at the ICA/UFMG, in a randomized block design, using a 2 x 4 factorial scheme with three replicates, and the treatments consisted of two doses of Ca-Mg silicate (0 and 1 t ha-1) and four doses of sewage sludge compost (0, 23.81, 47.62 and 71.43 t ha-1, on dry basis). Soil organic matter (OM), pH, sum of bases (SB), effective cation exchange capacity (CEC(t)), total cation exchange capacity (CEC(T)), base saturation (V%) and potential acidity (H + Al) were evaluated. There were no significant interactions between doses of sewage sludge compost and doses of Ca-Mg silicate on soil attributes, and no effect of silicate fertilization on these attributes. However, fertilization with sewage sludge compost promoted reduction in pH and increase in H + Al, OM and CEC. The dose of 71.43 t ha-1 of sewage sludge compost promoted the best soil chemical conditions.

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