UPPER TRIASSIC AMMONOID ZONES OF THE PEACE RIVER FOOTHILLS, BRITISH COLUMBIA, AND THEIR BEARING ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE NORIAN STAGE

1965 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Tozer
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Peace River ◽  
Accepted Standard ◽  
New Interpretation

The Triassic section at Pardonet Hill, Peace River, British Columbia, has been studied in detail, resulting in a new interpretation of the structure and of the rock and faunal sequence. This work necessitates revision of the sequence of Upper Triassic ammonoid zones and some changes in the age assignments. The following sequence of Upper Triassic ammonoid beds and zones is now recognized in the Peace River Valley: (1) Discotropites; (2) Anatropites; (3) Mojsisovicsites kerri; (4) Malayites dawsoni; (5) Juvavites magnus; (6) Drepanites rutherfordi; (7) Himavatites columbianus; (8) Monotis subcircularis (Bivalve Zone); (9) Rhabdoceras suessi. Faunas 1 and 2 are Upper Karnian; 3 and 4 are classed as Lower Norian; 5, 6, and 7 as Middle Norian; 8 and 9 as Upper Norian. The Peace River succession suggests that the generally accepted standard for the Norian Stage, established in Austria, may be incorrect. In particular, the Austrian zones of Cladiscites ruber and Sagenites giebeli are probably younger than the Cyrtopleurites bicrenatus Zone, not older, as formerly believed.

Quaternary stratigraphy and glacial history of the Peace River valley, northeast British ColumbiaThis article is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue on the theme Geology of northeastern British Columbia and northwestern Alberta: diamonds, shallow gas, gravel, and glaciers.

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory M.D. Hartman ◽  
John J. Clague
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Quaternary Sediments ◽  
Shallow Gas ◽  
Peace River ◽  
Last Glaciation ◽  
Quaternary Stratigraphy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Wisconsinan ◽  
Selection Of

Two Cordilleran and three Laurentide glacial advances are recorded in Quaternary sediments and landforms in the Peace River valley, northeast British Columbia. The advances are inferred from fluvial gravels, glaciolacustrine sediments, and tills within nested paleovalleys excavated during three interglaciations and from the distribution of granitoid clasts derived from the Canadian Shield. Till of the last (Late Wisconsinan) Laurentide glaciation occurs at the surface, except where it is overlain by postglacial sediments. The advance that deposited this till was the most extensive in the study area, and the only advance definitively recognized in western Alberta south of the study area. Late Wisconsinan Cordilleran till has not been found in the study area, but Cordilleran and Laurentide ice may have coalesced briefly during the last glaciation. Support for this supposition is provided by the inferred deflection of Laurentide flutings to the southeast by Cordilleran ice. The earliest Laurentide advance may have been the least extensive of the three Laurentide events recognized in the study area. Erratics attributed to this advance occur only east of the Halfway River – Beatton River drainage divide.

THE DESCRIPTION, CHRONOLOGY AND CORRELATION OF BURIED SOILS AND CULTURAL LAYERS IN A TERRACE SECTION, PEACE RIVER VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. G. VALENTINE ◽  
K. R. FLADMARK ◽  
B. E. SPURLING
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Projectile Points ◽  
Peace River ◽  
Cultural Layers ◽  
Soil Forming Processes ◽  
Cultural Components ◽  
Eolian Material

A terrace section in the Peace River Valley of British Columbia contained seven buried paleosols developed in eolian material. Chemical, physical and micromorpholgical data showed the soils to be Chernozemic. The main soil-forming processes have been the leaching and reprecipitation of carbonates, the formation of mull aggregates, the weathering of primary minerals and the weak physical translocation of soil fabric. Five cultural components or levels had been identified in nearby archaeological excavations and these were correlated with the Ah horizons of five of the paleosols. However, none of these Ah horizons contained large amounts of organic P as have been found in cultural layers of other archaeological sections. The cultural components contained tools, flakes, shell beads, bones and projectile points. Radiocarbon dates from charcoal ranged from 5830 ± 80 yr B.P. in the second lowest paleosol to 1530 ± 70 yr B.P. in the second highest paleosol. They showed that most of the eolian material had been deposited on the terrace by about 4500 yr B.P.; that is, by the end of the Hypsithermal. The chronology of soil development and eolian deposition are discussed by applying a previously published system of horizon designations that combines and describes the gradational and pedomorphic features in soils.

scholarly journals Pyramidal Framework: Guidance for the Next Generation of GIS Spatial-Temporal Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Cyril Carré ◽  
Younes Hamdani
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Temporal Data ◽  
Temporal Modeling ◽  
Temporal Models ◽  
Gis Data ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Conventional Literature

Over the last decade, innovative computer technologies and the multiplication of geospatial data acquisition solutions have transformed the geographic information systems (GIS) landscape and opened up new opportunities to close the gap between GIS and the dynamics of geographic phenomena. There is a demand to further develop spatio-temporal conceptual models to comprehensively represent the nature of the evolution of geographic objects. The latter involves a set of considerations like those related to managing changes and object identities, modeling possible causal relations, and integrating multiple interpretations. While conventional literature generally presents these concepts separately and rarely approaches them from a holistic perspective, they are in fact interrelated. Therefore, we believe that the semantics of modeling would be improved by considering these concepts jointly. In this work, we propose to represent these interrelationships in the form of a hierarchical pyramidal framework and to further explore this set of concepts. The objective of this framework is to provide a guideline to orient the design of future generations of GIS data models, enabling them to achieve a better representation of available spatio-temporal data. In addition, this framework aims at providing keys for a new interpretation and classification of spatio-temporal conceptual models. This work can be beneficial for researchers, students, and developers interested in advanced spatio-temporal modeling.

STRUCTURE, STRATIGRAPHY, AND PALEONTOLOGY OF AN UPPER TRIASSIC SECTION ON THE WEST COAST OF BRITISH COLUMBIA

1965 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Carlisle ◽  
Takeo Susuki
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Pillow Lava ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Coast Range ◽  
Thermal Alteration ◽  
The West ◽  
Coastal British Columbia ◽  
Sedimentary Unit

The highly deformed section at Open Bay is one of the few good exposures of a thick sedimentary unit within the prebatholithic rocks along coastal British Columbia. It provides new structural information relating to emplacement of a part of the Coast Range batholith and it contains an important Upper Triassic fauna unusually well represented. Structural and paleontological analyses are mutually supporting and are purposely combined in one paper.Thirteen ammonite genera from 14 localities clearly substantiate McLearn's tentative assignment to the Tropites subbullatus zone (Upper Karnian) and suggest a restriction to the T. dilleri subzone as defined in northern California.Contrary to an earlier view, the beds are lithologically similar across the whole bay except for variations in the intensity of deformation and thermal alteration. Their contact with slightly older relatively undeformed flows is apparently a zone of dislocation. Stratigraphic thicknesses cannot be measured with confidence, and subdivision into "Marble Bay Formation" and "Open Bay Group" cannot be accepted. Open Bay Formation is redefined to include all the folded marble and interbedded pillow lava at Open Bay. Lithologic and biostratigraphic correlation is suggested with the lower middle part of the Quatsino Formation on Iron River, 24 miles to the southwest. Basalt flows and pillowed volcanics west of Open Bay are correlated with the Texada Formation within the Karmutsen Group.The predominant folding is shown to precede, accompany, and follow intrusion of numerous andesitic pods and to precede emplacement of quartz diorite of the batholith. Structural asymmetry is shown to have originated through gentle cross-folding and emplacement of minor intrusives during deformation.

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