scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF DIETARY FAT ON THE HEAT TOLERANCE OF GOLDFISH (CARASSIUS AURATUS)

1949 ◽  
Vol 27d (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Hoar ◽  
J. E. C. Dorchester
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Degree Of Unsaturation

Three groups of goldfish were fed diets containing 25% fat. The diets for the three groups differed in the degree of unsaturation of these fats. Pilchard oil (iodine value 181.7), herring oil (iodine value 128.4), and lard (iodine value 66.2) were the fats used. Heat tolerance of the fish was then tested by holding them at a constant high temperature and observing the time of death. Variations in the ability of the groups to withstand high temperature were correlated with differences in the degree of unsaturation of their extracted fats. The iodine value of the herring oil diet was very close to that of the fats of the goldfish prior to feeding and no change in the value for fish fed on this diet was observed. Each of the other two diets changed the degree of unsaturation of the goldfish fats by approximately 54% of the maximum theoretical change. These changes modified the heat resistance of the fish. The degree of modification of heat tolerance, however, cannot be strictly correlated with the degree of change of unsaturation of fats and it is concluded that factors associated with differences in melting point rather than melting point of the fat itself are probably involved in heat resistance.

THE ROLE OF THE PITUITARY IN THE RESISTANCE OF THE GOLDFISH (CARASSIUS AURATUS L.) TO A HIGH TEMPERATURE

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Johansen
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Normal Fish ◽  
Resistance Tests

The heat resistance of normal, hypophysectomized and pituitary-autotransplanted goldfish acclimated to 20 °C under 16-h photoperiod and 8-h photoperiod conditions was determined. It was found that hypophysectomized goldfish were less heat resistant than normal fish and that those with an autotransplanted pituitary were as heat resistant as normal fish.The photoperiod results, though inconclusive, suggest that normal 16-h photoperiod fish are more heat resistant than normal 8-h photoperiod fish and that only the fish with a normal pituitary can respond to photoperiod changes. The fish without a pituitary are slightly less heat resistant than normal 8-h-photoperiod fish, while those possessing an autotransplanted pituitary are as resistant to a high temperature as normal 16-h-photo period fish.Treatment of hypophysectomized goldfish with luteinizing, thyrotropic, adrenocorticotropic, and lactotropic (prolactin) hormones and crude salmon pituitary extract appeared not to affect resistance to a high temperature.In the experiments involving pituitary autotransplantation, a study was made of various organs influenced by pituitary secretions to determine the pattern of hormone output by the pituitary. By contrasting this information with that of the heat resistance tests, various hormones have been suggested as not playing an essential role in high temperature resistance. The hypothesis is put forward that a prolactin-like hormone plays the essential role in resisting a high-temperature stress.

scholarly journals Physiological and Proteomic Responses of Contrasting Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Varieties to High Temperature Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingzhu Li ◽  
Xinrui Li ◽  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Daxu Li ◽  
Lijun Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Alfalfa Varieties ◽  
Proteomic Responses

High temperature (HT) is an important factor for limiting global plant distribution and agricultural production. As the global temperature continues to rise, it is essential to clarify the physiological and molecular mechanisms of alfalfa responding the high temperature, which will contribute to the improvement of heat resistance in leguminous crops. In this study, the physiological and proteomic responses of two alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varieties contrasting in heat tolerance, MS30 (heat-tolerant) and MS37 (heat-sensitive), were comparatively analyzed under the treatments of continuously rising temperatures for 42 days. The results showed that under the HT stress, the chlorophyll content and the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter (Fv/Fm) of alfalfa were significant reduced and some key photosynthesis-related proteins showed a down-regulated trend. Moreover, the content of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and the electrolyte leakage (EL) of alfalfa showed an upward trend, which indicates both alfalfa varieties were damaged under HT stress. However, because the antioxidation-reduction and osmotic adjustment ability of MS30 were significantly stronger than MS37, the damage degree of the photosynthetic system and membrane system of MS30 is significantly lower than that of MS37. On this basis, the global proteomics analysis was undertaken by tandem mass tags (TMT) technique, a total of 6,704 proteins were identified and quantified. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that a series of key pathways including photosynthesis, metabolism, adjustment and repair were affected by HT stress. Through analyzing Venn diagrams of two alfalfa varieties, 160 and 213 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) that had dynamic changes under HT stress were identified from MS30 and MS37, respectively. Among these DEPs, we screened out some key DEPs, such as ATP-dependent zinc metalloprotease FTSH protein, vitamin K epoxide reductase family protein, ClpB3, etc., which plays important functions in response to HT stress. In conclusion, the stronger heat-tolerance of MS30 was attributed to its higher adjustment and repair ability, which could cause the metabolic process of MS30 is more conducive to maintaining its survival and growth than MS37, especially at the later period of HT stress. This study provides a useful catalog of the Medicago sativa L. proteomes with the insight into its future genetic improvement of heat-resistance.

SEM of Hepatocytes and Biliary Passages in Goldfish Liver

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 556-557
Author(s):  
Waykin Nopanitaya ◽  
Joe W. Grisham ◽  
Johnny L. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Biliary System ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Commercial Fish Food

An interesting feature of the goldfish liver is the morphology of the hepatic plate, which is always formed by a two-cell layer of hepatocytes. Hepatic plates of the goldfish liver contain an infrequently seen second type of cell, in the centers of plates between two hepatocytes. A TEH study by Yamamoto (1) demonstrated ultrastructural differences between hepatocytes and centrally located cells in hepatic plates; the latter were classified as ductule cells of the biliary system. None of the previous studies clearly showed a three-dimensional organization of the two cell types described. In the present investigation we utilize SEM to elucidate the arrangement of hepatocytes and bile ductular cells in intralobular plates of goldfish liver.Livers from young goldfish (Carassius auratus), about 6-10 cm, fed commercial fish food were used for this study. Hepatic samples were fixed in 4% buffered paraformaldehyde, cut into pieces, fractured, osmicated, CPD, mounted Au-Pd coated, and viewed by SEM at 17-20 kV. Our observations were confined to the ultrastructure of biliary passages within intralobular plates, ductule cells, and hepatocytes.

Induction of Gynogenesis and Androgenesis in Goldfish Carassius auratus (var. oranda)

2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Paschos ◽  
L Natsis ◽  
C Nathanailides ◽  
I Kagalou ◽  
E Kolettas
Keyword(s):  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus

DURANICKEL ALLOY 301

Alloy Digest ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
International Nickel Company ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract DURANICKEL Alloy 301 is a wrought, age-hardenable nickel alloy having high strength, high corrosion and heat resistance. It is recommended for springs, diaphrams, bearings, pump and valve parts. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-83. Producer or source: The International Nickel Company Inc..

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