THE NIACIN CONTENT OF WHEAT, BARLEY, AND OATS GROWN IN DIFFERENT SOIL ZONES IN ALBERTA

1948 ◽  
Vol 26f (4) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. McElroy ◽  
H. Simonson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Method ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Inverse Relation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
The Mean

Microbiological niacin assays were done on 34 samples of Marquis wheat, 48 of Newal barley, and 50 of Victory oats grown on gray, black, and brown soils in the years 1944 and 1945. Mean values of 53.6, 70.4, and 10.3 μgm. of niacin per gram were obtained for wheat, barley, and oats respectively. Although these results suggest that Newal barley may contain more niacin than does Marquis wheat, the results of assays conducted by a chemical method indicate that there is little difference in the mean niacin content of these two grains. Niacin levels were found to be highly variable in all three grains. Niacin and protein levels were found to be positively correlated in wheat and oats while in barley a tendency towards an inverse relation between niacin and protein was observed. No evidence was obtained to indicate that the type of soil on which grains are grown has any marked effect on the accumulation of niacin. The wheat and oat samples from the 1945 crop were richer in both niacin and protein than those from the 1944 crop, while barley samples from the 1945 crop, although richer in protein than those grown the preceding year, contained essentially the same amount of niacin.

Report of Ad Hoc Committee on Vitamin D Methodology, AOAC

1975 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-332
Author(s):  
Forrest W Quackenbush ◽  
Daniel Banes ◽  
Philip H Derse
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract In a collaborative study 6 samples of vitamin D3 resins were analyzed chemically by 9 laboratories and tested biologically by 3 laboratories to determine whether there exists a discrepancy between chemical and biological methods of measuring potency of these materials. The chemical methods employed saponification with and without subsequent maleic anhydride treatment. The biological method was the AOAC official final action rat assay, 39.149–39.162. The results showed good agreement between laboratories in the chemical analysis and relatively poor agreement in the biological tests. However, based upon the mean values as reported by the different laboratories, the chemical method employing saponification alone consistently overestimated biopotency, whereas the chemical method including maleic anhydride treatment gave results which averaged much closer to the mean biopotency values. There was no evidence that maleic anhydride treatment reduced values significantly below biopotency values.

scholarly journals Study about mechano-chemical gingival displacement with single-cord technique.

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
Kinga Mária Janosi ◽  
Diana Cerghizan ◽  
Szilárd Fulop ◽  
Szidónia Molnar ◽  
Monica Baloş
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Original Position ◽  
Finish Line ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Gingival Margin ◽  
Chemical Technique ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Labial Surface

AbstractIntroduction: Besides abutment preparation, the impression is essential in order to achieve an esthetical and functional prosthetic restoration. Proper gingival displacement and abutment finish line exposure is crucial for the proper impression technique.The study aims are to investigate the vertical gingival displacement and if the free gingival margin returns to its original position after seven days by using a retraction cord impregnated with different chemical substances.Materials and method: Our clinical study evaluated on digital photos the modification of the healthy, free gingival margin position on the labial surface of two upper central incisors in the same female patient during the sulcus enlargement with the mechano-chemical method.Results: Statistically significant differences were obtained by comparing the mean values of vertical gingival displacement obtained using a non-impregnated and an impregnated retraction cord with different chemical at each time of the measurements.Conclusion: The mechano-chemical technique is an efficient method for gingival displacement regardless the impregnating solution used.

scholarly journals OBSERVATIONS ON THE HEMATOLOGIC VALUES OF THE JAPANESE

Blood ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRED M. SNELL
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Control Series ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Hematologic studies have been made on 935 randomly selected "control" (nonirradiated) Japanese residing in Kure, Japan, as part of an investigation on the irradiated survivors of the Hiroshima atomic bomb. An analysis of the findings with respect to age and sex indicated that there were a number of divergences from the usual Caucasian expectancies. Associated with a slight anemia in those over puberty there is a progressive increase in the mean size and hemoglobin content of the erythrocyte with increasing age, more pronounced in the male. The hemoglobin concentration in the cells is apparently reduced. The leukocyte counts decrease with increasing age and all mean values are somewhat elevated. Plasma protein levels as determined by the copper sulfate specific gravity method are higher than Caucasian normals. Reticulocyte counts are not unusual. It has been emphasized that this "control" series does not consist entirely of normal healthy individuals, but that a considerable amount of disease is represented especially in regard to parasitic infestation. Also there is an appreciable nutritional imbalance present in the population. These two factors are probably of greatest significance in the interpretation of the observed divergences from Caucasian expectancies, but in view of the complexity of influences and inadequate data relative to each individual studied interpretations must be guarded.

Effects of Dry Pellet Diets on the Metabolic Rates of Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus)

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 2443-2449 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Schalles ◽  
Thomas E. Wissing
Keyword(s):  
Energy Cost ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Specific Dynamic Action ◽  
Food Presentation ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Percent Protein ◽  
The Mean

Experiments were designed to evaluate the effects of five dry pellet diets containing various protein levels on metabolic rates and energy cost of food utilization of bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus). In the 48-h period after feeding metabolic rates increased an average of 57% above base levels established prior to food presentation. The energy cost of food utilization, estimated as a percentage of ingested food energy, was [Formula: see text] (range 7.5–32.3%). Positive correlation was found between protein and caloric intakes and the increases in O2 consumption observed after feeding. Percent protein in the diet had no significant effect on mean values of O2 consumption after feeding or the estimates of the energy cost of food utilization. Probably the calorigenic effect of protein in fishes, which are principally ammonotelic, is considerably lower than that observed in ureotelic and uricotelic vertebrates. The mean estimate (14.90% of ingested energy) for the bluegill could reflect a low specific dynamic action of protein in conjunction with the calorigenic effect of the carbohydrate and lipid components of the diets.

Articulatory Behavior Pre and Post Full-Mouth Tooth Extraction and Alveoloplasty

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 630-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Zimmermann ◽  
J.A. Scott Kelso ◽  
Larry Lander
Keyword(s):  
Control Subject ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Articulatory Movements ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Subjects ◽  
Normal Speech

High speed cinefluorography was used to track articulatory movements preceding and following full-mouth tooth extraction and alveoloplasty in two subjects. Films also were made of a control subject on two separate days. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of dramatically altering the structural dimensions of the oral cavity on the kinematic parameters of speech. The results showed that the experimental subjects performed differently pre and postoperatively though the changes were in different directions for the two subjects. Differences in both means and variabilities of kinematic parameters were larger between days for the experimental (operated) subjects than for the control subject. The results for the Control subject also showed significant differences in the mean values of kinematic variables between days though these day-to-day differences could not account for the effects found pre- and postoperatively. The results of the kinematic analysis, particularly the finding that transition time was most stable over the experimental conditions for the operated subjects, are used to speculate about the coordination of normal speech.

Comparative Study of Intranasal, Subcutaneous and Intravenous Administration of Desamino-D-Arginine Vasopressin (DDAVP)

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (01) ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Köhler ◽  
P Hellstern ◽  
C Miyashita ◽  
G von Blohn ◽  
E Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Factor Xii ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Factor Antigen

SummaryThis study was performed to evaluate the influence of different routes of administration on the efficacy of DDAVP treatment. Ten healthy volunteers received DDAVP intranasally (i.n.), subcutaneously (s.c.) and intravenously (i.v.) in a randomized cross-over trial. Factor XII and high molecular weight (HMW)-kininogen levels increased only slightly after DDAVP administration. The mean increase of factor VIII: C was 3.1 (i. v.), 2.3 (s. c.), and 1.3 (i.n.) - fold over baseline. Ristocetin cofactor (von Willebrand factor antigen) increased 3.1 (2.5), 2.0 (2.3) and 1.2 (1.2) - fold over baseline mean values after i.v., s.c. and i.n. DDAVP, respectively. The half-disappearance time of factor VIII and von Willebrand factor (vWF) after DDAVP ranged from five (factor VIII: C) to eight hours (vWF). The mean increase of fibrinolytic activity was more pronounced after i.v. DDAVP. The antidiuretic effect was moderate with no apparent differences between the routes of application. This study provides further evidence that both i.v. and s.c. DDAVP administration result in an appropriate and reliable stimulation of haemostasis. An additional advantage of s. c. administration is its suitability for home treatment.

Comparative Study of effectiveness of mobilization with movement (MWM) and End range mobilization (ERM) techniques in frozen shoulder

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-522
Author(s):  
Jeyakumar S ◽  
Jagatheesan Alagesan ◽  
T.S. Muthukumar
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Frozen shoulder is disorder of the connective tissue that limits the normal Range of motion of the shoulder in diabetes, frozen shoulder is thought to be caused by changes to the collagen in the shoulder joint as a result of long term Hypoglycemia. Mobilization is a therapeutic movement of the joint. The goal is to restore normal joint motion and rhythm. The use of mobilization with movement for peripheral joints was developed by mulligan. This technique combines a sustained application of manual technique “gliding” force to the joint with concurrent physiologic motion of joint, either actively or passively. This study aims to find out the effects of mobilization with movement and end range mobilization in frozen shoulder in Type I diabetics. Materials and Methods: 30 subjects both male and female, suffering with shoulder pain and clinically diagnosed with frozen shoulder was recruited for the study and divided into two groups with 15 patients each based on convenient sampling method. Group A patients received mobilization with movement and Group B patients received end range mobilization for three weeks. The outcome measurements were SPADI, Functional hand to back scale, abduction range of motion using goniometer and VAS. Results: The mean values of all parameters showed significant differences in group A as compared to group B in terms of decreased pain, increased abduction range and other outcome measures. Conclusion: Based on the results it has been concluded that treating the type 1 diabetic patient with frozen shoulder, mobilization with movement exercise shows better results than end range mobilization in reducing pain and increase functional activities and mobility in frozen shoulder.

A COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS FOR MEASUREMENT OF ALDOSTERONE SECRETION RATE IN MAN

1966 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lund-Johansen ◽  
T. Thorsen ◽  
K. F. Støa
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
Aldosterone Secretion ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Derivative Method ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT A comparison has been made between (A), a relatively simple method for the measurement of aldosterone secretion rate, based on paper chromatography and direct densitometry of the aldosterone spot and (B) a more elaborate isotope derivative method. The mean secretion rate in 9 normal subjects was 112 ± 26 μg per 24 hours (method A) and 135 ± 35 μg per 24 hours (method B). The »secretion rate« in one adrenalectomized subject after the intravenous injection of 250 μg of aldosterone was 230 μg per 24 hours (method A) and 294 μg per 24 hours (method B). There was no significant difference in the mean values, and correlation between the two methods was good (r = 0.80). It is concluded that the densitometric method is suitable for clinical purposes as well as research, being more rapid and less expensive than the isotope derivative method. Method A also measures the urinary excretion of the aldosterone 3-oxo-conjugate, which is of interest in many pathological conditions. The densitometric method is obviously the less sensitive and a prerequisite for its use is an aldosterone secretion of 20—30 μg per 24 hours. Lower values are, however, rare in adults.

EFFECT OF OESTRONE-PELLET IMPLANTATION ON PLASMA LEVELS OF PROLACTIN

1970 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. van der Gugten ◽  
M. Sala ◽  
H. G. Kwa
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Primary Break

ABSTRACT Eight female and eight male rats were castrated at the age of 8 to 10 weeks. Four spayed and four orchidectomized rats received one oestrone/cholesterol pellet (200 μg oestrone) on the day of operation (day 0), a second pellet on day 11 and a third on day 23. The remaining animals received four oestrone/cholesterol pellets at these times. The fluctuations in the prolactin levels in the circulation induced by the oestrogen challenges in these animals were followed during 31 days by radioimmunoassays performed on days 3, 7, 9, 14, 15, 17, 23, 24, 25, 28 and 31. The results suggested that the homoeostatic mechanism regulating plasma levels of prolactin was capable of withstanding the three time-spaced oestrogen challenges only in the spayed animals receiving the lower doses of oestrogen, since it allowed the mean values of the prolactin levels to remain fairly constant during the first 4 weeks. The levels in this group rose to much higher levels only on day 31. The higher doses of oestrone in the spayed rats and both dose levels of oestrone in the orchidectomized animals apparently resulted in a primary break-down of the homoeostatic mechanism, since the prolactin levels in the animals of these groups rose to much higher levels either on day 7 or on day 9. This was followed by a period during which the prolactin levels appeared to be more or less under control, until a second and probably definitive failure of the homoeostatic mechanism allowed the mean levels to rise sharply again.

CONCENTRADO PROTEICO OBTIDO DAS FOLHAS DE MANDIOCA (Manihot esculenta Crantz) DE TRÊS VARIEDADES COMERCIAIS.

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabel Aparecida Soares ◽  
Mauro Sérgio Téo ◽  
Carlise DEBASTIANI ◽  
Suzymeire BARONI ◽  
Vanessa Silva RETUCI
Keyword(s):  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Hydrocyanic Acid ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
White Variety ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

O trabalho teve por objetivo verificar diferenças entre rendimento do concentrado proteico e proteína bruta da folha da mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz), obtidos a partir de três variedades comerciais: branca, cascuda e vermelha. As manivas foram plantadas seguindo o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com três repetições. Nas comparações entre as variedades, considerou coletas escalonadas pós-plantio, realizadas aos 12, 14 e 16 meses. O concentrado proteico foi obtido a partir da farinha das folhas inteiras e submetido ao método de termo - coagulação ácido e a proteína bruta pelo método padrão AOAC. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância e comparados pelo teste de Tukey - 5% de probabilidade. Os resultados não indicaram diferença significativa entre as médias obtidas para rendimento de concentrado proteico. Para a variável porcentagem de proteína bruta a variedade Branca foi a que apresentou maior valor, com média de 46,25%, seguida pela Cascuda e Vermelha, 44,52% e 37,30%, sucessivamente. Conclui-se que outros estudos devem avaliar condições que possam influenciar no teor de proteína foliar, como clima e solo, e, avaliar os níveis de ácido cianídrico de cada variedade, indicando qual das três é a melhor para a extração do concentrado proteico das folhas. Palavras chaves: Manihot esculenta Crantz, variedades comerciais, concentrado proteico, proteína bruta. ABSTRACT: The study aimed to assess the differences between income protein concentrate, crude protein of cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta Crantz), obtained from three commercial varieties: white, red and cascuda. The cuttings were planted following the completely randomized design with three replications. Comparisons between the varieties considered after planting staggered collections, held on 12, 14 and 16 months. The protein concentrate was obtained from flour of whole sheets and subjected to the term method - acid coagulation and crude protein by AOAC standard method. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test - 5% probability. The results indicated no significant difference between the mean values obtained for protein concentrate income. For the variable percentage of crude protein White variety showed the highest, with an average of 46.25%, followed by cascuda and Red, 44.52% and 37.30%, successively. We conclude that further studies should evaluate conditions that may affect the leaf protein content, such as climate and soil, and evaluate the hydrocyanic acid levels of each variety, indicating which of the three is the best for the extraction of protein concentrate from leaves Key words: Manihot esculenta Crantz, commercial varieties, protein concentrate, crude protein.

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