THE PYROLYSIS OF CAROTENE

1948 ◽  
Vol 26b (10) ◽  
pp. 728-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Norman Jones ◽  
R. W. Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Carotenoid Pigments ◽  
Carcinogenic Activity ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Alkyl Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

Kuhn and Winterstein reported the isolation of 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene from the products of pyrolysis of carotenoid pigments. The production of alkyl derivatives of phenanthrene and chrysene by the same type of cyclization can readily be formulated. The production of such hydrocarbons by the action of heat on naturally occurring substances, which include common constituents of foodstuffs would be of significance since such compounds might exhibit carcinogenic activity. Fractionation of the products of carotene pyrolysis confirmed the formation of 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene, but no more complex polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons were isolated. The methods of analysis employed should have permitted the detection of such compounds in amounts considerably below 1%.

Multi-alkylated Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons of Tobacco Smoke: Separation and Identification

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Snook ◽  
R. F. Severson ◽  
R. F. Arrendale ◽  
H. C. Higman ◽  
O. T. Chortyk
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gel Chromatography ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽  
Gas And Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Silicic Acid Chromatography ◽  
Derivatives Of

AbstractThe methyl, multi-methyl, and ethyl derivatives of the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) were isolated from the neutrals by silicic acid chromatography, solvent partitioning and gel chromatography. The procedure yielded a relatively pure PAH isolate amenable to further identifications. The multi-alkylated PAH were concentrated in the early gel fractions with parent and higher ring PAH found in subsequent gel fractions. It was shown that CSC is very rich in alkylated PAH, and their successful identification required extensive use of gas and liquid chromatography and ultra-violet and GC - mass spectrometric techniques. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) separated individual isomers of the alkylated PAH in complex GC peaks. PAH from indene to pentamethylchrysene were found. This report concludes our identification studies on the PAH of CSC and complements our two previous reports in this journal. Collectively, our studies have identified approximately 1000 PAH of cigarette smoke condensate and have led to the development of methods for the routine quantitation of PAH in smalI quantities of cigarette smoke condensate.

scholarly journals Third-generation ionic liquids with N-alkylated 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane cations and pelargonate anions

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 8653-8663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Turguła ◽  
Konrad Stęsik ◽  
Katarzyna Materna ◽  
Tomasz Klejdysz ◽  
Tadeusz Praczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Pelargonic Acid ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Alkyl Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Deterrent Activity

Novel ionic liquids with cations based on alkyl derivatives of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) and an anion derived from naturally occurring pelargonic acid possessed double biological functions: herbicidal and deterrent activity.

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