STUDIES OF WATERFOWL IN BRITISH COLUMBIA: BUFFLE-HEAD

1942 ◽  
Vol 20d (6) ◽  
pp. 133-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Munro
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Breeding Grounds ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Minor Part ◽  
A Minor

Charitonetta albeola is a common summer visitant to parts of the interior of British Columbia and is abundant on the coast region in winter. Adults arrive in the interior in advance of the yearlings and the sex ratio in early spring flocks is predominantly male. Later, both age groups associate for a short time, then the paired adults become established on nesting territories. Most of the yearling males, and subsequently the adult males, disappear for six weeks or longer. They eclipse and begin to appear again on certain lakes in August but are not plentiful until late September or early October. The yearling females remain on the breeding grounds in flocks throughout the summer. Courtship which is observed first on the coast in March reaches its greatest intensity on the interior lakes in April. Males vigorously defend their nesting territories. Eggs are laid in May and by the last week of June most of the young have appeared. Breeding females leave their broods in order to moult before the young have reached the flying stage and associate with flocks of yearling females that have gathered on certain waters where food is abundant. At this time all are excessively wary. In the interior aquatic insects are the chief food of downy young, adolescents, and adults. On certain lakes amphipods and molluscs are important foods. Fishes, where available, form a minor part of the diet. Seeds of aquatic plants are the main vegetable food except on Okanagan Lake where a larger amount of other plant material is consumed. On salt water, crustaceans and molluscs are first and small fishes, second in importance. The buffle-head is highly regarded as an object of beauty. In the interior it is of economic value as food but is not held in esteem on coast waters. No evidence of it eating commercially valuable fishes was obtained and its consumption of salmon eggs, noted on coast streams, does not reach significant proportions.

Effect of age on transvascular fluid movement

1975 ◽  
Vol 228 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Rosenthal ◽  
LA LaJohn
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Evans Blue ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Large Decrease ◽  
Fluid Movement ◽  
Minor Part ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Effect Of Age

Swellings of the mouse tail and ear were produced by subjecting them to subatmospheric pressures of minus 40 to minus 80 mmHg for 15-60 min. Increase in volume was measured volumetrically in the tail and gravimetrically in the ear. Blood volume increases in the tail, as measured with 51Cr erythrocytes, contributed a minor part of the fluid increase. Comparison of mice from 3 to 36 wk in age showed a large decrease of fluid movement with age, with major changes during the growth period. Study of permeability of the ear under decreased pressure,to intravenously administred Evans blue, showed no influence of age on permeability to the protein-bound dye. Measurement of transmission of the applied negative pressure through the skin, and of compliance of the tissues of the ear and tail in mice of different age groups, indicated that these factors were not responsible for the observed changes with age.

STUDIES OF WATERFOWL IN BRITISH COLUMBIA: GREATER SCAUP DUCK, LESSER SCAUP DUCK

1941 ◽  
Vol 19d (4) ◽  
pp. 113-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Munro
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Lesser Scaup ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Salmon Eggs ◽  
Winter Flocks ◽  
Coast Region

Nyroca marila is an abundant migrant through British Columbia and large numbers winter in the coast region. The sex ratio in winter flocks is predominantly male. Chara was the chief food eaten by 57 specimens from Okanagan Lake, miscellaneous vegetable matter was second, and molluscs third in importance. Food items, listed in order of importance, on coast streams and lakes were: vegetable matter, molluscs, salmon eggs, salmon flesh, and, on salt water: gastropods, sea lettuce (Ulva sp.), crustaceans, and herring eggs. N. affinis nests commonly in parts of the dry interior and elsewhere in the province is a migrant and scarce winter visitant. Sex ratio is predominantly male. Courtship continues through April and May; laying commences in June and late clutches are found in August. Females defend their young vigorously and a habit of combining broods has a probable survival value. Males raft on certain lakes in July and go into eclipse as flight feathers are shed. These populations include yearling and post-breeding females and later, adolescents. The former moult at this time. Adults migrate early and those remaining are largely young of the year. Amphipods are the chief food of all age groups on the nesting ground; aquatic insects and seeds of aquatic plants are also important. Both species of scaup ducks are economically important as food and for sport in the interior but less so on the coast where, because of a different diet, their flesh is less palatable. It was not determined whether the consumption of salmon eggs and herring eggs is of economic significance. Elsewhere than on the coast scaup ducks are related to other interests only to the limited extent to which they are food competitors of trout and other commercially valuable fishes.

scholarly journals Who Is Exposed to E-Cigarette Advertising and Where? Differences between Adolescents, Young Adults and Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly G. Wagoner ◽  
David M. Reboussin ◽  
Jessica L. King ◽  
Elizabeth Orlan ◽  
Jennifer Cornacchione Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Cigarette Advertising ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Media Channels

Little is known about differences between adolescents’ and adults’ exposure to e-cigarette advertising in various media channels, such as retail establishments, print, television, radio, and digital marketing. We examined the exposure to e-cigarette advertising in these channels amongst adolescents (13–17), young adults (18–25), and older adults (26+). Adolescents (N = 1124), young adults (N = 809), and adults (N = 4186) were recruited through two nationally representative phone surveys from 2014–2015. Lifetime e-cigarette advertising exposure was prevalent (84.5%). Overall, older adult males and older adult cigarette smokers reported the highest exposure to e-cigarette advertising (p < 0.001). Television was the largest source of exposure for all age groups. Adolescents and young adults had higher odds than older adults of exposure through television and digital marketing. However, adolescents had lower odds than young adults and older adults of exposure through retailers and print media. Although e-cigarette advertising appears to be reaching the intended audience of adult smokers, vulnerable populations are being exposed at high rates via television and digital marketing. Regulations aimed at curbing exposure through these media channels are needed, as are counter advertising and prevention campaigns.

THE ROLE OF ANTHROPONYMS IN THE SEMANTIC FIELD OF ARTISTIC WORKS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (29) ◽  
pp. 66-77
Author(s):  
Lidiya Derbenyova
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Minor Part ◽  
The One ◽  
A Minor ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Horizon Of Expectations

The article explores the role of antropoetonyms in the reader’s “horizon of expectation” formation. As a kind of “text in the text”, antropoetonyms are concentrating a large amount of information on a minor part of the text, reflecting the main theme of the work. As a “text” this class of poetonyms performs a number of functions: transmission and storage of information, generation of new meanings, the function of “cultural memory”, which explains the readers’ “horizon of expectations”. In analyzing the context of the literary work we should consider the function of antropoetonyms in vertical context (the link between artistic and other texts, and the groundwork system of culture), as well as in the context of the horizontal one (times’ connection realized in the communication chain from the word to the text; the author’s intention). In this aspect, the role of antropoetonyms in the structure of the literary text is extremely significant because antropoetonyms convey an associative nature, generating a complex mechanism of allusions. It’s an open fact that they always transmit information about the preceding text and suggest a double decoding. On the one hand, the recipient decodes this information, on the other – accepts this as a sort of hidden, “secret” sense.

Size-At-Age Variability and Sexual Dimorphism of Morphometric Characteristics in the Late Ontogenesis of the Marsh Frog, Pelophylax Ridibundus (Anura, Ranidae), from Terrytory of Crimea

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-334
Author(s):  
V. N. Peskov ◽  
N. A. Petrenko ◽  
V. Yu. Reminnyi
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Marsh Frog ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Size At Age ◽  
Linear Body

Abstract We study size-at-age and sexual variability of morphometric characteristics of the marsh frog. According to the size of the body, males were divided into three size-age groups (juvenis, subadultus, adultus), females — into four groups (juvenis, subadultus, adultus, adultus-I). We found that the chronological age of frogs (skeletochronology) does not always correspond to their biological age (size and proportions of the body). We noted that the semi-adult males are reliably larger than females by mean values of 26 studied morphometric characters. Males and females of “adultus” group do not differ by linear body size, significant differences were found in body proportions (7 characters). For the females of “adultus-I” group, the mean values of 26 characters are significantly larger than for “adultus” males. The results of our study showed that with the age of the marsh frog, the level of exhibition, directionality and structure of morphometric sex differences changes.

Electrostatic effects on ionization equilibria: An MNDO study of proton and hydrogen transfer reactions of 4-fluorobutylamine

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Friedl ◽  
Stanislav Böhm
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Substituent Effects ◽  
Radical Cations ◽  
Transfer Reactions ◽  
Protonated Forms ◽  
Minor Part ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Ionization Equilibria ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Gas Phase Basicities

The relative enthalpies of proton transfer δ ΔH0and homolytic bond strengths δDH0(B-H+) were calculated by the MNDO method for the sp and ap conformers of 4-flurobutylamine. The data obtained, along with the experimental gas phase basicities, are compared with the values predicted by the electrostatic theory. It is shown that the substituent polar effects FD on the basicities of amines are predominantly due to interactions in their protonated forms (X-B-H+) and/or radical-cations (X-B+.), those in the neutral species (X-B) playing a minor part. A contribution, which is considerably more significant in the sp conformer than in the ap conformer, arises probably also from substituent effects on the homolytic bond strength DH0(B-H+.

scholarly journals Exploring Why Adult Mexican Males Do Not Get Vaccinated: Implications for COVID-19 Preventive Actions

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-527
Author(s):  
V. Nelly Salgado de Snyder ◽  
Deliana Garcia ◽  
Roxana Pineda ◽  
Jessica Calderon ◽  
Dania Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Medicine ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Administrative Services ◽  
Minority Males ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Socially Excluded ◽  
Age Range

Vaccination is the single most important preventive medicine action worldwide. However, there are inequalities in the procurement of vaccines particularly among US ethnic and racial minority males when compared to the rest of the US population. This study explored the reasons given by adult Mexican-origin males residing in Texas, for obtaining or not, immunizations. This was a cross-sectional, exploratory study with a sample of convenience of 401 adult males (age range 18–79) who were invited to participate in the study while waiting their turn to receive administrative services at the Mexican Consulate in Austin Texas. Data was collected in Spanish with a seven-item multiple choice questionnaire, using electronic tablets. The majority of respondents received their last vaccination longer than 5 years earlier. A higher percentage of individuals in the older age groups received a vaccine in the last year, as opposed to their younger counterparts who obtained their last immunization 3 to 5 years earlier. Among the reasons given for not getting vaccinated were lack of time or money, feared injections and side effects, insufficient information, interest or motivation. Others did not get vaccines because they perceived themselves to be healthy and did not feel sick. Findings from this study have important implications for future preventive medicine and vaccination practices that reach socially excluded groups in times of COVID-19. Recommendations are made to facilitate access to vaccines to the target group of this study and other socially disadvantaged populations in the global health context.

Estimating the Prevalence of Mental and Substance Use Disorders: A Systematic Approach to Triangulating Available Data to Inform Health Systems Planning:: Estimer la prévalence des troubles mentaux et des troubles liés à une substance: une approche systématique de la triangulation des données disponibles pour éclairer la planification du système de santé

2021 ◽  
pp. 070674372110068
Author(s):  
Daniel Vigo ◽  
Wayne Jones ◽  
Naomi Dove ◽  
Daniel E. Maidana ◽  
Corinne Tallon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Systems Planning ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Age And Sex

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of specific mental and substance use disorders (MSUDs), by age and sex, as a first step toward informing needs-based health systems planning by decision-makers. Methods: We developed a conceptual framework and a systematic methodology for combining available data sources to yield prevalence estimates for specific MSUDs. Data sources used included published, peer-reviewed literature from Canada and comparable countries, Canadian population survey data, and health administrative data from British Columbia. Several well-established methodologies including systematic review and meta-analyses of published prevalence estimates, modelling of age- and sex-specific distributions, and the Global Burden of Disease severity distribution model were incorporated in a novel mode of triangulation. Results: Using this novel approach, we obtained prevalence estimates for 10 MSUDs for British Columbia, Canada, as well as prevalence distributions across age groups, by sex. Conclusion: Obtaining reliable assessments of disorder prevalence and severity is a useful first step toward rationally estimating service need and plan health services. We propose a methodology to leverage existing information to obtain robust estimates in a timely manner and with sufficient granularity to, after adjusting for comorbidity and matching with severity-specific service bundles, inform need-based planning efforts for adult (15 years and older) mental health and substance use services.

Trap response of cutworm moths (Abagrotis orbis) to a sex-attractant lure in grape vineyards

2010 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Landolt ◽  
D. Thomas Lowery ◽  
Lawrence C. Wright ◽  
Constance Smithhisler ◽  
Christelle Gúedot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sex Attractant ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
South Central ◽  
Tetradecenyl Acetate ◽  
Feltia Jaculifera ◽  
Multiple Field ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractLarvae of Abagrotis orbis (Grote) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) are climbing cutworms and can damage grapevines, Vitis vinifera L. (Vitaceae), in early spring by consuming expanding buds. A sex attractant would be useful for monitoring this insect in commercial vineyards. (Z)-7-Tetradecenyl acetate and (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate were found in extracts of female abdominal tips. In multiple field experiments, male A. orbis were captured in traps baited with a combination of these two chemicals but not in traps baited with either chemical alone. Males were trapped from mid-September to early October in south-central Washington and south-central British Columbia. Other noctuid moths (Mamestra configurata Walker, Xestia c-nigrum (L.), and Feltia jaculifera (Guenée)) were also captured in traps baited with the A. orbis pheromone and may complicate the use of this lure to monitor A. orbis. Abagrotis discoidalis (Grote) was captured in traps baited with (Z)-7-tetradecenyl acetate but not in traps baited with the two chemicals together.

Formation and dynamics of Saturn and its disk simulated by using a new N-body model

Open Physics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pavlov ◽  
Y. Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Surface Density ◽  
Electromagnetic Interaction ◽  
The Core ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Magnetic Forces ◽  
Axis Of Rotation ◽  
Gravitational Model ◽  
Minor Part ◽  
Body Self ◽  
A Minor

AbstractThe formation of Saturn and its disk is simulated using a new N-body self-gravitational model. It is demonstrated that the formation of the disk and the planet is the result of gravitational contraction of a slowly rotated particle cloud that have a shape of slightly deformed sphere. The sphere was flattened by a coefficient of 0.8 along the axis of rotation. During the gravitational contraction, the major part of the cloud transformed into a planet and a minor part transformed into a disk. The thin structured disk is a result of the electromagnetic interaction in which the magnetic forces acting on charged particles of the cloud originate in the core of the planet. The simulation program gives such parameters of Saturn as the escape velocity of about 35 km/s at the surface, density, rotational velocities of the rings and temperature distribution.

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