COMPARISON OF DIPLOID AND TRIPLOID SUGAR BEETS

1940 ◽  
Vol 18c (7) ◽  
pp. 273-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. Peto ◽  
J. W. Boyes
Keyword(s):  
Field Trial ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Triploid Individual

In a small replicated field trial, percentage sugar and root weight were negatively correlated in both diploid and triploid individual beets, but the decreases in percentage sugar for every 100-gm. increase in root weight differed significantly, being on the average 0.34% for the diploids and 0.17% for the triploids. As root weight increased beyond 900 gm. the yield of sugar per 100 gm. of root weight increased more rapidly in the triploids than in the diploids. Under the conditions of this test, triploid beets exceeded the diploids in root weight by 12.2%, in yield of sugar per beet by 14.9%, and in dry top weight by 17.8%. The triploids exceeded the diploids in area index of the leaves by 34.4% and in area index of the stomata by 42.6%.

scholarly journals Specificity of TAS-ELISA for Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus and Its Application for Determining Rhizomania Resistance in Field-Grown Sugar Beets

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 864-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Wisler ◽  
R. T. Lewellen ◽  
J. L. Sears ◽  
H.-Y. Liu ◽  
J. E. Duffus
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
The United States ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Yellow Vein ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Rhizomania Resistance

Levels of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), as measured by triple-antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA), were compared with biological evaluations in representative commercial and experimental sugar beet cultivars developed for production in the United States and ranging in their reactions to rhizomania from uniformly susceptible to highly resistant. TAS-ELISA was specific for BNYVV and did not react with related soilborne sugar beet viruses. Differences in absorbance (A405nm) values measured in eight cultivars closely correlated with the dosage and frequency of the Rz allele, which conditions resistance to BNYVV. A diploid (Rzrz) hybrid had a significantly lower absorbance value (less virus) than a similar triploid (Rzrzrz) hybrid. Cultivars that segregated (Rzrz:rzrz) had higher absorbance values than uniformly resistant (Rzrz) hybrids, as was expected. For all cultivars, absorbance values decreased as the season progressed. Absorbance value was significantly positively correlated with rhizomania disease index score and negatively correlated with individual root weight, plot root weight, and sugar yield. This information should be useful in resistance-breeding and -evaluation programs and in the sugar industry when considering cultivar choice, inoculum production, and future crop rotations.

scholarly journals Extending the CSM-CERES-Beet Model to Simulate Impact of Observed Leaf Disease Damage on Sugar Beet Yield

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1930
Author(s):  
Emir Memic ◽  
Simone Graeff-Hönninger ◽  
Oliver Hensel ◽  
William D. Batchelor
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Cercospora Leaf Spot ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
The Impact

A CSM-CERES-Beet pest damage routine was modified to simulate the impact of Cercospora leaf spot disease effects on sugar beet yield. Foliar disease effects on sugar beet growth and yield were incorporated as daily damage to leaf area and photosynthesis, which was linked to daily crop growth and biomass accumulation. An experiment was conducted in Southwest Germany (2016–2018) with different levels of disease infection. Data collected included time-series leaf area index, top weight, storage root weight and Cercospora leaf spot disease progress. The model was calibrated using statistical and visual fit for one treatment and evaluated for eight treatments over three years. Model performance of the calibration treatment for all three variables resulted in R2 values higher than 0.82 and d-statistics higher than 0.94. Evaluation treatments for all three observation groups resulted in high R2 and d-statistics with few exceptions mainly caused by weather extremes. Root mean square error values for calibration and evaluation treatments were satisfactory. Model statistics indicate that the approach can be used as a suitable decision support system to simulate the impact of observed Cercospora leaf spot damage on accumulated above-ground biomass and storage root yield on a plot/site-specific scale.

scholarly journals Stem portion and number of stakes influence on growth and yield of cassava variety in the South East, Nigeria

Agro-Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
D.A. Okpara ◽  
D.C. Udeh ◽  
O.K. Akinbo ◽  
O.N. Eke-Okoro ◽  
A.O. Olojede
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Investigations were conducted to study the effect of stem portion and number of stakes per stand on crop establishment, growth and yield of cassava variety NR 8082 in Umudike Southeastern Nigeria during the 2016/17 and 2017/18 cropping seasons. In each year, the experiment was laid out as a 3 × 3 factorial, in randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments consisted of three stem portions of different physiological ages (top, middle and basal) and three numbers of stakes per stand (1, 2 and 3). The middle and basal stem portions significantly increased percent establishment, plant height and leaf area index at 3 months after planting (MAP) but had no effect on number of storage roots per plant. The best stem portion for storage root yield was, however, the top portion which produced the highest yield on average. Number of stakes per stand did not significantly affect stem girth, number of nodes per plant and leaf area index, but the use of 1 stake per stand increased number of storage roots per plant, root weight and storage oot yield in 2017/2018 cropping season. Number of stakes per stand did not significantly influence storage root yield across the two seasons of evaluation. Interactions between stem portion and number of stakes per stand did not significantly affect storage root yield of NR 8082 high cassava variety in both cropping seasons. Based on the findings, the use of 1 stake per stand is recommended for high root yields of NR 8082 cassava variety under conditions of low soil fertility in Umudike, South East Nigeria. Although the top portion enhanced root yield, farmers could use any of the stem portions, since the middle and basal parts gave satisfactory yields and had better establishment than the former.

scholarly journals Produksi Kacang Tunggak (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) dengan Input Pupuk Rendah

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Resti Fadillah ◽  
Heni Purnamawati ◽  
Supijatno
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Goat Manure

Cowpea is prospective as a substitute for soybeans, as raw material for tempeh. In this study, low inputs of cowpea production is proposed. This study aimed to determine the effect of manure and nitrogen fertilizer on the growth and production of cowpea. The study was conducted at the Cikabayan Experimental Station, IPB, Bogor, Indonesia, from November 2018 to March 2019, using a split-plot design. As the main plot was goat manure rates consisted of 0, 2.5, and 5 tons ha-1. The subplots consisted of four rates of nitrogen, namely 0, 15, 30, and 45 kg N ha-1. The results showed that the application of manure increased the fresh weight of the leaf, the number of flower bunches, and the number of flowers. The application of N fertilizer increased leaf fresh weight, leaf area index, dry root weight, and shoot/root ratio at five weeks after planting. The combination of organic fertilizer with a dose of 2.5 tons ha-1 combined with 45 kg ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer tends to give better productivity than without fertilizer. Thus, cowpea can be produced using low input of manure and N. Keywords: leaf area index, leaf weight, flower bunches

scholarly journals PLANT GROWTH AND RESIDUE DECOMPOSITION COMPONENT OF WEPP - WATER EROSION PREDICTION PROJECT FOR FRUIT AND VEGETABLES.

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 497a-497
Author(s):  
Iris Cole-Crosby ◽  
Liang Huam ◽  
Jesse Harness ◽  
Patrick Igbokwe ◽  
Suresh Tiwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Erosion Prediction ◽  
Residue Decomposition

Plant growth and residue decomposition values are needed by the Soil Conservation Service for developing data bases for selected fruit and vegetable crops. These data bases will be used for predicting soil loss using improved erosion prediction technology. The plant growth parameters under investigation are canopy cover leaf area index, plant height plant weight, root weight, stem diameter and vegetative dry matter. The climatic parameter are daily base temperature rainfall and growing degree days. The following is a list of the residue decomposition parameter: 1. Residue weight and harvest 2. Initial carbon-nitrogen ratio, and 3. Percent residue cover at harvest. The results are being used in the WEPP model to predict soil erosion. Data collection afor these parameters start 15 days after planting for vegetables and continue at 7 day intervals through maturity.

SOME CHEMICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF AMMONIUM SULPHATE IN A FERTILIZER PHOSPHORUS BAND FOR SUGAR BEETS

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Miller ◽  
V. N. Vij
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Phosphorus Absorption ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer

The influence of (NH4)2SO4 on the movement of phosphorus away from a fertilizer pellet and the water solubility of the reaction products was determined at 3-, 6-, 8- and 10-week periods and the total amount of water-soluble fertilizer phosphorus in the volume of soil influenced by the fertilizer was calculated. Simultaneously, the influence of (NH4)2SO4 on growth of sugar beet tops and roots in the band vicinity and on absorption of fertilizer phosphorus was determined. The amount of fertilizer phosphorus in sugar beet tops was expressed as a function of top weight, root weight in the band volume and water-soluble fertilizer phosphorus in the volume of soil influenced by the fertilizer.Ammonium sulphate decreased the water-soluble fertilizer phosphorus remaining at the pellet site, increased the distance of movement of the phosphorus but decreased the total water-soluble fertilizer phosphorus in the band volume. The oven-dry weight of sugar beet tops was not influenced by (NH4)2SO4 but the oven-dry weight of roots in the band volume and the fertilizer phosphorus content of the tops were doubled at the 8- and 10-week periods by the addition of (NH4)2SO4. The multiple regression analysis showed that the increased root weight accounted for 71 and 87 per cent of the variability in the fertilizer phosphorus absorption at the 6- and 8-week periods respectively.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Limbah Rambut Manusia sebagai Media Tanam Hidroponik Substrat pada Kailan

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Niken Pusparini ◽  
Dwi Harjoko ◽  
Retna Bandriyati Arniputri
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Area Index

<p style="text-align: justify;">This study aims to examine the use of human hair waste as a substrate hydroponic media in enhancing scientific innovation and agricultural development. This research was conducted in a greenhouse, Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, from July 2018 to October 2018. This experimental using a completely randomized design (CRD) method with one treatment factor and 14 levels repeated 4 times. The treatment includes washing hair waste (water, NaOH and detergent) and a combination of hair waste: husk charcoal (1: 3; 1: 2 and 3: 1). In this study, the control treatment used sand media. Observation variables observed were leaf area index, number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter, root length, root weight, root volume, fresh weight and dry weight of plants. Data acquisition was analyzed by analysis of variance and if there were significant differences, further testing was carried out with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the level of 5%. The results showed that human hair waste was less optimal as an alternative medium for hydroponic substrate systems. Treatment of hair waste: combination of 1: 3 husk charcoal in all washings gives the highest average yield on all observation variables. In all washing treatments (Water, NaOH and detergent) the highest average yield was dominated by washing using detergent ie leaf area index (55.35 cm2), root volume (1.19 ml), fresh weight (22.03 g) and dry weight (2.83 g).</p>

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