MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF APPALACHIAN PODSOL SOILS: IV. THE DECOMPOSITION OF GLUCOSE IN SOILS PREVIOUSLY TREATED WITH AMENDMENTS

1939 ◽  
Vol 17c (5) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. H. Gray ◽  
C. B. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Rate Of Evolution ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Control Samples

A study has been made of the decomposition of glucose in two cultivated podsol soils that had previously been treated with alkaline amendments. Limestone increased, and sodium carbonate decreased, the amount of carbon dioxide produced from the control samples; limestone increased the rate of evolution both in control samples and in samples receiving glucose. The total amount of carbon dioxide produced was increased by limestone in combination with sodium carbonate but not by limestone alone. The numbers of heterotrophic bacteria developing with glucose were stimulated by limestone.

scholarly journals THE POSITION OF CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON IN SUCCINIC ACID SYNTHESIZED BY HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA

1941 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 377-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.G. Wood ◽  
C.H. Werkman ◽  
Allan Hemingway ◽  
A.O. Nier
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria

scholarly journals ASSIMILATION OF HEAVY CARBON DIOXIDE BY HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA

1942 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-145
Author(s):  
H.D. Slade ◽  
H.G. Wood ◽  
A.O. Nier ◽  
Allan Hemingway ◽  
C.H. Werkman
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Heavy Carbon

scholarly journals Defining features in the kinetics of sodium carbonate-bicarbonate solution carbonization and the quality of the resulting sodium bicarbonate crystals

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (10(112)) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Mykola Porokhnia ◽  
Musii Tseitlin ◽  
Svitlana Bukhkalo ◽  
Vladimir Panasenko ◽  
Tetiana Novozhylova
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Diffusion Resistance ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Kinetics Of

This paper reports a study into the influence of temperature and gas consumption on the carbonization kinetics (saturation with carbon dioxide) of sodium carbonate-bicarbonate solution. The study also examined the quality and speed of crystal formation in this process. This research is predetermined by the environmental problems faced by modern enterprises that produce purified sodium bicarbonate – an insufficient degree of carbonization and, as a result, excessive air pollution with carbon dioxide, which did not participate in the reaction during the process. This study addresses these particular issues. As a result of using specialized laboratory equipment, it was found that an increase in the absorbent temperature from 79 to 85 °C leads to a decrease in the maximum degree of carbonization of the solution from 64 to 59 %. In contrast, the quality of the resulting sodium bicarbonate crystals improves but only in the range from 79 to 82 °C. With a further increase in temperature, the quality stabilizes. It is shown that the carbonization rate increases with increasing specific consumption of the absorbent (carbon dioxide) and is characterized by a negative correlation with the value of oversaturation of the absorbent in terms of NaНCO3. The quality of sodium bicarbonate crystals decreases with increasing gas velocity. Thus, it was reasonable to assume that the established dependence of the kinetics of carbonization of Na2CO3 and NaНCO3 solution on the gas velocity in the apparatus is explained by the inhibition of СО2 absorption, which is caused by the diffusion resistance of sodium bicarbonate crystallization. To improve the quality of crystals and the productivity of carbonization by reducing the supersaturation in terms of NaНCO3, it is recommended to introduce a seed crystal in the zone of binding of crystals in the carbonization columns.

scholarly journals Decarbonisation of calcium carbonate at atmospheric temperatures and pressures, with simultaneous CO2 capture, through production of sodium carbonate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore Hanein ◽  
Marco Simoni ◽  
Chun Long Woo ◽  
John L Provis ◽  
Hajime Kinoshita
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Calcination Process ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

The calcination of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is a major contributor to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions that are changing our climate. Moreover, the calcination process requires high temperatures (~900°C). A novel...

EFFECT OF X IRRADIATION ON THE METABOLISM OF C14-GLUCOSE AND C14-FRUCTOSE IN RAT LIVER SLICES

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 787-792
Author(s):  
P. V. Vittorio ◽  
W. P. Spence ◽  
M. J. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Total Radioactivity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Partition Chromatography ◽  
Liver Slices ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Origin Area ◽  
Control Samples

The utilization of C14-glucose and C14-fructose in liver slices from normal rats and from rats exposed to 1000 r of whole-body X irradiation was studied. Liver slices prepared from normal rats were incubated with C14-glucose or C14-fructose in equivalent amounts and the incorporation of C14 into carbon dioxide, glycogen, and an ethanolic extract was determined. After the rats had been fasted 4 or 24 hours the amount of C14 incorporated into glycogen and carbon dioxide from C14-fructose was greater than that incorporated from C14-glucose but the total radioactivity in the ethanolic extracts was approximately the same for both hexoses. When liver slices prepared from normal and X-irradiated rats were incubated with C14-glucose or C14-fructose 4 or 24 hours after irradiation, the samples obtained from irradiated rats incorporated a greater amount of C14 into carbon dioxide, glycogen, and the ethanolic extract, with the exception of the 24-hour samples incubated in the presence of labelled glucose. In the latter instance incorporation into carbon dioxide fell below the normal value. The total C14 recovery from the three fractions was always higher in the X-irradiated samples than in the corresponding control samples. Further examination of the ethanolic extracts (amino acids, lactic acid, and origin area material) separated by paper partition chromatography revealed additional differences between the samples of liver from normal and X-irradiated rats in their ability to incorporate C14 from either labelled hexose. These differences were apparent in samples incubated either 4 or 24 hours after X irradiation of the animals.

THE EVOLUTION OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE A.-C. ELECTROLYSIS OF SODIUM CARBONATE AND BICARBONATE SOLUTIONS, AND THE DISCHARGE POTENTIALS OF CARBONATE AND BICARBONATE IONS

1934 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-546
Author(s):  
J. W. Shipley
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Current Flow ◽  
Platinum Electrodes ◽  
Sodium Salts ◽  
Bicarbonate Ions ◽  
Carbonate Solutions ◽  
Bicarbonate Solutions ◽  
Discharge Potential

The a.-c. electrolysis of sodium carbonate solutions at voltages as high as 110, even when arcing occurs on the electrodes, does not cause the evolution of carbon dioxide. In the a.-c. electrolysis of aqueous bicarbonate solutions with platinum electrodes, hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide are evolved freely until all the bicarbonate has been transformed to carbonate, after which the evolution of carbon dioxide ceases and only hydrogen and oxygen are given off. In a.-c. electrolysis of sodium bicarbonate solutions and solutions of the sodium salts of aliphatic acids, a deposit of finely divided platinum is formed on the electrodes. This deposit inhibits the evolution of carbon dioxide, hydrogen and oxygen, but does not affect the current flow. The decomposition potential of bicarbonate solutions in respect to the evolution of carbon dioxide on smooth platinum and with d.c. was found to be 2.2 volts, and of carbonate solutions, 3.5 volts. The anodic discharge potential of HCO3− is − 1.45 to − 1.50 volts, and of CO3−−, − 1.90 to − 1.95 volts. The evolution of carbon dioxide does not appear to cause any polarizing effect on the anode.

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