INHERITANCE OF QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF OIL IN FLAX IN RELATION TO OTHER PLANT CHARACTERS

1937 ◽  
Vol 15c (8) ◽  
pp. 362-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Number ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Central Experimental Farm

Data from 21 varieties of flax, grown at the Central Experimental Farm over a five-year period, were analyzed statistically to determine the relation of quantity and quality of oil to seed size, days to maturity, days from flowering to maturity, and height of plant. In addition, hybrids of Cyprus × Ottawa 770B and Buda × Ottawa 770B were studied to determine the genetic basis for the inheritance of quality of oil, flower type, color of seed, color of oil, seed size and height of plant.The refractometric method for determining the quantity and quality of oil was compared with the ether extraction method for oil content and the Wijs method for iodine number and found to be very practical for breeding studies.In the variety test, high oil content was associated with a long period from blossoming to maturity and with large-seeded varieties.In the hybrids, iodine number, seed size, and height of plant are apparently dependent on several genetic factors. No significant association between oil content, iodine number, seed size or height of plant was found among these hybrids. The inheritance of flower and seed type has been explained on the basis of a single factor, the Ottawa 770B type with white, narrow, involute petal and greenish-yellow seed being inherited as a simple recessive or the expression of several very closely linked recessive genes. An association of high iodine number with this factor for yellow seed color was indicated in both hybrids.Although insufficient data were collected to give definite conclusions, evidence indicated that color of oil, as measured by carotinoid pigment content, had a genetic basis. No correlation was indicated between carotene pigment content and the quantity and quality of the oil or color of the seed.

Inheritance of hull pubescence and seed color in annual canarygrass

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Matus-Cádiz ◽  
P. Hucl ◽  
A. Vandenberg
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Segregation Ratios ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Hybrid Cross ◽  
Phalaris Canariensis

The availability of glabrous-hulled annual canarygrass (Phalaris canariensis L.) cultivars with yellow seed color may pave the way for developing this species into a food crop. The objective of this research was to study the inheritance of hull pubescence and seed color in annual canarygrass. A gametocide was applied to plants at Zadoks Growth Stage 42 to induce male sterility. CDC Maria, a glabrous-hulled and brown-seeded cultivar, was crossed with six pubescent-hulled, brownseeded annual canarygrass accessions and with CY193, a pubescent-hulled and yellow-seeded breeding line. In mono-hybrid crosses, segregation ratios of F2 populations were not significantly different from the phenotypic ratios of 3 pubescent-hulled: 1 glabrous-hulled for hull pubescence and 3 brown seeded: 1 yellow seeded for seed color. In the di-hybrid cross, a phenotypic ratio of 9 pubescent-hulled/brown seeded: 3 pubescent-hulled/yellow seeded: 3 glabrous-hulled/brown seeded: 1 glabrous-hulled/yellow seeded was observed. Glabrous-hulled and yellow seeded traits are each controlled by single recessive genes that segregate independently in annual canarygrass. Key words: Phalaris canariensis, canaryseed, inheritance, hull pubescence, seed color

EFFECT OF PASMO DISEASE OF FLAX ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF LINSEED OIL

1951 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Sackston ◽  
R. B. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Number ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Rust Infection ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Effect On Yield

Heavy infections of pasmo significantly reduced the oil content of flaxseed and the iodine number of the oil. The effects of pasmo infection on oil content and iodine number of the oil were similar to those caused by a hot, dry climate. Oil content was affected similarly by pasmo infection and by flax rust infection, but the two diseases had dissimilar effects on iodine number of the oil. Greatest reductions in oil content and iodine number resulted from pasmo inoculations made when the flax plants were flowering. Inoculations made when the seed was ripening had little or no effect on yield and quality of linseed oil.

Comparison of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes with respect to the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Bjelková ◽  
Janka Nôžková ◽  
Katarína Fatrcová-Šramková ◽  
Eva Tejklová
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linear Dependence ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Total Fat

AbstractThe aim of our work was to characterize linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes divided into groups with high and low content of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). Out of 32 linseed genotypes, 68.75 % represented high alpha-linolenic genotypes and 31.25 % were genotypes with low ALA content. Proportional representation of fatty acids was realized according to the norm (Czech Office for Standards, Metrology and Testing, 1994). Oil content was analyzed according to the internal methodology of Agritec Ltd., based on the norm (Czech Office for Standards, Metrology and Testing, 2011). The content of total fat ranged from 36.22 % to 46.35 %, that of ALA from 1.10 % to 65.20 %, and that of linoleic acid (LA) from 11.10 % to 75.00 % in the analyzed seed samples within all groups. The genotypes were divided also according to the seed color and a linear correlation between all three parameters within these groups was observed. Negative linear dependence was confirmed between parameters; ALA and LA content in the groups: high ALA brown seed (p < 0.0001; correlation coefficient (r) = −0.70), and high ALA yellow seed (p < 0.001; r = −0.36). Also, positive linear dependence between the total fat and the LA content in the groups: low ALA brown seed (p < 0.001; r = 0.34); low ALA yellow seed (p < 0.0001; r = 0.62), was found.

GENETICS OF SEED COLOR IN REED CANARYGRASS, Phalaris arundinacea L.

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1051-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. KNOWLES
Keyword(s):  
Phalaris Arundinacea ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Reed Canarygrass ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Test Cross ◽  
Disomic Inheritance ◽  
Recessive Genes

A yellow-seeded mutant of reed canarygrass was crossed with normal black-seeded plants and F2 and test-cross populations observed for seed color. Disomic inheritance was postulated with two recessive genes y1 and y2 being responsible for yellow seed color. Black-seeded plants were designated Y1Y1Y2Y2 although in two black-seeded plants one locus appeared heterozygous, i.e. Y1y1Y2Y2, thereby suggesting that the alleles for yellow seed may occur quite frequently in this species.Key words: Reed canarygrass, Phalaris arundinacea L., seed color, disomic inheritance, genetics

EFFECT OF WEATHER DAMAGE ON THE GRADE AND QUALITY OF FLAXSEED

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 799-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. GORDON DORRELL ◽  
J. K. DAUN
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Weather Damage ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Reflectance Measurements ◽  
New Crop

The 1977 flaxseed crop was subjected to prolonged periods of wet and humid weather during the last stages of ripening and during harvest. Consequently, a large proportion of the seed appeared scabby due to the moistened mucilage sticking the seed to the inner surface of the capsule. Since this type of scabbing could be considered as damaged seed in grading, a number of samples were evaluated for quality characteristics. Four Preliminary Grade Standards and 37 samples from the New Crop Survey selected from Manitoba and Saskatchewan were analyzed for a variety of physical and chemical characteristics. In the crop survey samples, the percentage of scabbed seeds increased from an average of 9% in 1 C.W. to 70% in 4 C.W. However, 1000-seed weight, oil content, oil color, iodine number and protein content of the meal were not affected by grade or extent of scabbing. The ability of the meal to remain in a meal-water suspension declined significantly from 93% in 1 C.W. to 57% in 4 C.W., and the mucilage concentration of the seed declined significantly from 7.2% in 1 C.W. to 5.7% in 4 C.W. Seed color, as expressed by color purity from reflectance measurements, also declined as the percentage of scabbed seeds increased. It was concluded that since the main criteria for flaxseed and oil quality were not affected by scabbing, this form of damage should not be considered as a degrading factor.

Response of Wild Oat (Avena fatua), Flax (Linum usitatissimum), and Rapeseed (Brassica campestrisandB. napus)to Diclofop-methyl

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. P. Chow ◽  
D. G. Dorrell
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Untreated Check

Diclofop-methyl {methyl ester of 2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy] propanoic acid} applied as postemergence treatment at rates of 0.84 to 1.68 kg/ha controlled 65 to 87% of the wild oat (Avena fatuaL.) without injuring flax (Linum usitatissimumL.) or rapeseed (Brassica campestrisL. andB. napusL.) Yields of both crops were significantly increased because wild oat competition was minimized. Wild oat control was further improved when adjuvants were added with the herbicide at a concentration of 0.5% (v/v) to the spray mixture. Oil content, iodine number, and linolenic acid concentration of flax, and oil content of rapeseed were increased with the application of the herbicide, while the protein content of meal from both crops was unaffected. When flax was grown in the greenhouse under weed-free conditions, the 0.84 and 1.12 kg/ha rates of the herbicide did not affect seed and oil composition, whereas the 1.68 kg/ha rate decreased protein content, and slightly increased oil content, but had no significant effect on iodine number when compared with the untreated check. The change in seed and oil quality of flax appears to be related to a reduction in weed competition by the herbicide.

scholarly journals The quality of life in the relatives of Wolfram’s syndrome patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Gema Esteban ◽  
Mónica Ruano ◽  
Isabel Motero
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Wolfram Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
The Family ◽  
Low Prevalence

Wolfram Syndrome (WS) is a rare disease (RD) with an estimated prevalence of 1/770,000 inhabitants. It is considered a multisystemic, chronic and progressive disease.WS diagnosis implies devastating consequences at physical, educational and emotional levels. WS is also known by the acronym DIDMOAD, derived from the first letters of the main clinical symptoms: Diabetes Insipidus, Diabetes Mellitus, Optic Atrophy, and Deafness. Rare diseases are characterized by their low prevalence and the lack of knowledge on the pathophysiology and treatment of them. Interestingly, around 80% of RD have a genetic basis, and this fact causes doubts and uncertainties in the couples, about the idea of having another child. The existence of a RD in a family, alters significantly the relationships and the quality of life within the family. The present work remarks the huge value of psychosocial aspects in order to pay an adequate attention to these patients, not only taking care of the clinical aspects. The main purpose of this study has been to ascertain the quality of life of Wolfram’s syndrome affected patients, and its impact in the daily life.

Studying demulsifier reactants for crude oil processing facilities

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-104
Author(s):  
L. V. Taranova ◽  
A. G. Mozyrev ◽  
V. G. Gabdrakipova ◽  
A. M. Glazunov
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Bottom Water ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Optimal Consumption ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Well Production ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Water Cut ◽  
Required Quality

The article deals with the issues of improving the quality of highly watered well production fluid processing using chemical demulsifier reactants at crude oil processing facilities; the analysis of the use of the reactants at the Samotlor field has been made. The article presents the results of the study of the effectiveness of the "Hercules 2202 grade A" and "SNPH-4460-2" demulsifiers in comparison with the indicators of oil and bottom water processing achieved in the presence of the reactants used at existing facilities; their optimal consumption has been determined. The study has shown that the selected demulsifiers provide the required quality of the oil and water under processing at the considered oil processing facilities and can be used along with the basic reactants for these facilities. On the basis of total indicators, the best results have been achieved using "Hercules 2202 grade A" with the improved indicators of water cut and residual oil content in water by 33.9 % and 2.8 % while reducing the reactant consumption by 9.7 % compared to the basic demulsifier.

THE EFFECTS OF SEX AND AGE OF MALE AT CASTRATION ON GROWTH AND CARCASS QUALITY OF YORKSHIRE SWINE

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Charette
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Effect On Growth

The effects of sex and age of castration of males on growth rate, feed efficiency and carcass characteristics in bacon type swine were measured using 16 pigs each as gilts, entire boars, and boars castrated at birth, 6, 12, 16, and 20 weeks of age. Castration at 20 weeks was too late since some pigs reached 200 pounds live weight before that age. Boars consumed less feed daily than barrows and gilts, were thinner in loin fat, and yielded a higher percentage of shoulder than gilts. The carcasses of boars and gilts were longer, had less fat covering over the shoulder and back, a larger area of loin, and a higher iodine number than those castrated late. Acceptability tests showed that sex or age of castration did not affect the flavour, odour, or tenderness of the meat.Purebred breeders can delay castration for better selection of boars without any serious effect on growth, physical carcass characteristics, and feed requirements. Although the market discriminates against boars, it appears questionable whether castration is necessary when boars are slaughtered at 200 pounds before they reach the age of 150 days.

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on the production and quality of oil in Jatropha curcas L. under the dry and warm climate conditions of Colombia

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Montenegro R. ◽  
Stanislav Magnitskiy ◽  
Martha C. Henao T.
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Oil Composition

This study was conducted to assess fruit and seed yield, oil content and oil composition of Jatropha curcas fertilized with different doses of nitrogen and potassium in Espinal (Tolima, Colombia). The yields ranged from 4,570 to 8,800 kg ha-1 of fruits and from 2,430 to 4,746 kg ha-1 of seeds. These yields showed that the fertilizer dose of 150 kg ha-1 N + 120 kg ha-1K increased fruit production by 92% and seed production by 95%, which represents an increase of about 100% in oil production, which increased from 947 to 1,900 kg ha-1. The total oil content in the seeds ranged from 38.7 to 40.1% (w/w) with a high content of the unsaturated fatty acids oleic (> 47%) and linoleic acid (> 29%). The highest content of oleic acid in the seed oil was from the unfertilized control plants and plants with an application of 100 kg ha-1 of N and 60 kg ha-1 of K, with an average of 48%. The lowest content of oleic acid was registered when a low dose of nitrogen and a high level of potassium were applied at a ratio of 1:2.4 and doses of 50 kg ha-1 N + 120 kg ha-1 K, respectively. Low contents of the saturated fatty acids palmitic (13.4%) and stearic (7.26%) were obtained, making this oil suitable for biodiesel production. The nitrogen was a more important nutrient for the production and quality of oil in J. curcas than potassium under the studied conditions of soil and climate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document