THE ACTION OF THE TWO AMYLASES OF BARLEY

1935 ◽  
Vol 13b (4) ◽  
pp. 185-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Hanes
Keyword(s):  
Current Theory ◽  
Selective Action ◽  
A Current ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Experiments described in this paper confirm the view that β-malt amylase selectively hydrolyzes one portion of the starch substance; this fraction (approximately 60% of the starch substance) is transformed into maltose and there remains a residual non-reducing fraction (erythrogranulose) which retains the property of iodine coloration. With regard to α-malt amylase, several lines of evidence indicate that this enzyme does not exert a selective action upon the erythrogranulose fraction, as is suggested in a current theory of starch constitution, but that it induces the breakdown of both fractions. In this case the reducing products do not consist exclusively of maltose.

Ende der Neuen Musik

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-213
Author(s):  
Christoph Von Blumröder
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Music Theory ◽  
Contemporary Music ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
Musical Composition ◽  
The Political ◽  
German Language ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
A Current

The term "Neue Musik" was coined for a special concept of fundamental musical innovation within Austro-German music theory of the early 20th century, and it found no terminological equivalent beyond the German language. Established by Paul Bekker with his lecture “Neue Musik” in 1919, composers such as Stockhausen or Ligeti embraced the term with its emphatic claim to innovation and new departures. However, one hundred years on the term "Neue Musik" is often used mainly as a synonym for any type of contemporary music. This article questions whether the term "Neue Musik" is still an appropriate framework for a current theory of musical composition. Not only have the specific musical circumstances changed within the course of the 20th century, but also the political and social conditions have altered drastically after two world wars which had given special impulses to those composers who strove for a new foundation of music after 1918 and 1945 respectively. This article argues that the age of "Neue Musik" has come to an end in the late 20th century, and thus it is now necessary to introduce alternative terminological concepts and methodical directions for music historiography.

Ventricular fibrillation during uniform myocardial anoxia due to asphyxia

1960 ◽  
Vol 198 (5) ◽  
pp. 955-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay D. Coffman ◽  
D. E. Gregg
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Ventricular Fibrillation ◽  
Potassium Level ◽  
Serum Potassium Level ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Serum Electrolytes ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
A Current

Thirty-three anesthetized dogs of varying weights were subjected to complete asphyxia by tracheal occlusion to produce uniform anoxia of the heart. Eleven showed electrocardiographic evidence of ventricular fibrillation while the other twenty-two demonstrated cardiac arrest. The development of ventricular fibrillation correlated with the heavier body and heart weights and with a lower average right atrial serum potassium level as compared to the dogs not fibrillating. Other serum electrolytes, pH, body temperature and sex showed no correlation with the arrhythmia. The importance of the fact that large dogs have a greater susceptibility to develop ventricular fibrillation during uniform anoxia of the heart is discussed in relation to experimental research on dogs and to a current theory of the cause of ventricular fibrillation.

scholarly journals Treatment of Developmental Reading Disorders: A Visual Attention Span Deficit Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ben Jones
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Developmental Reading ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Reading Disorders ◽  
Attention Span ◽  
Visual Span ◽  
Limited Degree ◽  
Severe Degree ◽  
A Current

<p>A current theory of the cognitive underpinnings of developmental reading disorders supposes that two impairments contribute to the overall profile of disordered reading: one of phonological awareness and one of visual attention span. The severity of each impairment is different for each child. By identifying children that display a severe degree of one impairment, but a limited degree of the other, each impairment can be investigated. The current study identified one participant with a stronger phonological impairment, and one with a stronger impairment of visual attention span. They completed two training programs: one program tailored to improve phonology, and one tailored to improve visual span. Both treatments improved reading performance in both participants. It was expected that the treatment targeting each participant‟s particular cognitive impairment would prove more effective for that participant. However, both treatments were found to show similar levels of improvement with both participants.</p>

Asian Cultural Values and the Counseling Process

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 570-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan S. K. Kim ◽  
Donald R. Atkinson ◽  
Dawn Umemoto
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Counseling Process ◽  
Asian Cultural Values ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
A Current

Based on values common to most Asian cultures, a set of propositions on the relationship between Asian cultural values and the counseling process is presented in the context of a current theory of acculturation/enculturation. Recommendations for future research relating Asian cultural values to the counseling process are offered in an attempt to stimulate more empirical attention in this area.

scholarly journals Treatment of Developmental Reading Disorders: A Visual Attention Span Deficit Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ben Jones
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Developmental Reading ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Reading Disorders ◽  
Attention Span ◽  
Visual Span ◽  
Limited Degree ◽  
Severe Degree ◽  
A Current

<p>A current theory of the cognitive underpinnings of developmental reading disorders supposes that two impairments contribute to the overall profile of disordered reading: one of phonological awareness and one of visual attention span. The severity of each impairment is different for each child. By identifying children that display a severe degree of one impairment, but a limited degree of the other, each impairment can be investigated. The current study identified one participant with a stronger phonological impairment, and one with a stronger impairment of visual attention span. They completed two training programs: one program tailored to improve phonology, and one tailored to improve visual span. Both treatments improved reading performance in both participants. It was expected that the treatment targeting each participant‟s particular cognitive impairment would prove more effective for that participant. However, both treatments were found to show similar levels of improvement with both participants.</p>

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF PERCENT REINFORCEMENT ON PIGEON'S ACCURACY IN MIDSESSION REVERSAL TASKS [University of Kentucky]

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Peng ◽  
Dalton House ◽  
Thomas R. Zentall
Keyword(s):  
Test Chamber ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Reversal Task ◽  
University Of Kentucky ◽  
Midsession Reversal ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
A Current

This experiment tests the effects of a reducing the value of one stimulus compared to another. We hypothesize that in a midsession reversal task, accuracy would improve by devaluing choice of S2 relative to S1. A midsession reversal task requires a simultaneous discrimination between 2 stimuli (S1, S2), during which, halfway through the session the reinforcing stimulus is reversed. A current theory, win-stay/lose-shift, is a strategy for optimal choices in this task. In this strategy, an animal would continue to repeat choice of a correct stimulus, but once the stimulus becomes incorrect, the animal should switch to the other stimulus. In this experiment, ten unsexed White Carneau pigeons were used as subjects. The experiment took place in an operant test chamber. Inside, three horizontally aligned circular response keys are attached to a response panel. The keys are lit by mounted projectors showing red and green hues. Reinforcement consisted of 1.5 seconds of access to mixed-grain from a feeder. In the experimental group, all correct responses to S1 were reinforced but only a random 20% of the correct responses to S2 were reinforced. Our findings suggest that paradoxically, the reduction in the probability of reinforcement for correct S2 responses from 100% to 20% had a net positive effect on correct responses. There was a significant reduction in errors prior to the feedback from the reversal as well as no increase in errors following the feedback from the reversal. Analysis of the trials on either side of the reversal made it clear that there was a net benefit in percentage correct due to the decrease in the probability of reinforcement associated with correct responses to S2. This study suggests the negative impacts of too much reinforcement on subjects performance in a task.

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