NOTE ON AN OPTICAL SYSTEM FOR SHADOW RECORDING WITH OSCILLOGRAPHS

1935 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
G. A. Woonton ◽  
F. W. Pye
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Optical System ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
High Transmission ◽  
New Information ◽  
Sinusoidal Currents

In this paper is discussed a method of shadow recording for use with reflecting types of oscillographs which simplifies the methods of obtaining time and amplitude rulings on the record. The optical system is rendered portable by the use of a low-intensity light source, compensated by high transmission efficiency. Comparative records indicate that, when used in conjunction with bromide paper, this optical system is of value in recording sinusoidal currents whose frequencies are below 20 cycles per second or currents of complicated wave form whose fundamental frequency is well below 20 cycles per second. No data relative to records on moving film are reported.Mann (1), in discussing a new portable electrocardiograph, has referred to an optical system of this type. The authors believe that the present paper contains sufficient new information on the details of construction and operation of this optical system to make it of value.

Use of a general purpose integrating sphere as a low intensity near-UV extended uniform light source

Optik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 167169
Author(s):  
Martin Vacula ◽  
Pavel Horvath ◽  
Ladislav Chytka ◽  
Kai Daumiller ◽  
Ralph Engel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Integrating Sphere ◽  
Low Intensity

MODE ANALYSIS AND SYSTEMATICAL DESIGN OF WIDE-BANDWIDTH PHOTONIC CRYSTAL 60° WAVEGUIDE BENDS WITH HIGH TRANSMISSION

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 1250170 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAO CHEN ◽  
CAILONG ZHENG ◽  
JINXING LI
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Expansion Method ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Slab Waveguide ◽  
Mode Analysis ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Photonic Crystal Slab ◽  
High Transmission ◽  
Index Approach ◽  
Waveguide Bend

We present a procedure to enhance the transmission efficiency of a photonic crystal slab waveguide bend by introducing an air hole with the same radius at the center of bend and optimizing the positions of three neighboring holes in the corner. The improvement relies only on the method of displacing holes which is technologically preferred to controlling variations in hole size or shape. We employ the effective refractive index approach and two-dimensional plane wave expansion method to analyze the guide modes of the straight waveguide and waveguide bend. The transmission character of bent waveguides is investigated using two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method. Numerical studies demonstrate that the approximate method of mode analysis is unsuitable to our model. Alternatively, we systematically study the effect of different positions of the holes on the transmission. The optimized bends for the high transmission with broad bandwidth are proposed.

Performance of the far-IR beamline of the 6 MeV tabletop synchrotron light source

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Monirul Haque ◽  
Hironari Yamada ◽  
Ahsa Moon ◽  
Mami Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Optical System ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
Small Ring ◽  
Thermal Source ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Dynamic Aperture ◽  
Electron Orbit ◽  
Synchrotron Light

The performance of the far-infrared (FIR) beamline of the 6 MeV tabletop synchrotron light source MIRRORCLE-6FIR dedicated to far-infrared spectroscopy is presented. MIRRORCLE-6FIR is equipped with a perfectly circular optical system (PhSR) placed around the 1 m-long circumference electron orbit. To illustrate the facility of this light source, the FIR output as well as its spectra were measured. The optimum optical system was designed by using the ray-tracing simulation code ZEMAX. The measured FIR intensity with the PhSR in place is about five times higher than that without the PhSR, which is in good agreement with the simulation results. The MIRRORCLE-6FIR spectral flux is compared with a standard thermal source and is found to be 1000 times greater than that from a typical thermal source at ∼15 cm−1. It is also observed that the MIRRORCLE-6FIR radiation has a highly coherent nature. The broadband infrared allows the facility to reach the spectral range from 10 cm−1 to 100 cm−1. MIRRORCLE-6FIR, owing to a large beam current, the PhSR mirror system, a large dynamic aperture and small ring energy, can deliver a bright flux of photons in the FIR/THz region useful for broadband spectroscopy.

Otoscopy and Photography

1979 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 771-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Chen ◽  
Terry L. Fry ◽  
Newton D. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Optical System ◽  
Strobe Light ◽  
System A ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ear Canals ◽  
Light Color ◽  
Otoscopic Examination

A new hand-held otoscope photographic system, convenient and suitable for clinical application, is introduced. This instrument allows clear otoscopic examination in stenotic or tortuous ear canals, and photographs the subject in one procedure. The instrument consists of a rodlens optical system, a fiberoptic light source, a camera, and exchangeable speculum and a strobe light. Color photographs of tympanic membranes and middle ear pathology are presented.

A novel defect detection optical system using 199-nm light source for EUVL mask

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoichi Hirano ◽  
Nobutaka Kikuiri ◽  
Masatoshi Hirono ◽  
Riki Ogawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Sigemura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Defect Detection ◽  
Optical System

Comparison of Composite Curing Parameters: Effects of Light Source and Curing Mode on Conversion, Temperature Rise and Polymerization Shrinkage

10.2341/05-15 ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Tarle ◽  
A. Knezevic ◽  
N. Demoli ◽  
A. Meniga ◽  
J. Sutalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Thermal Injury ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Marginal Adaptation ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Halogen Light ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Final Degree ◽  
Conversion Temperature

Clinical Relevance The use of a low intensity light source for photopolymerization based on LED technology provides equivalent final degree conversion with possible flow of the resin composite, similar to when QTH technology is used. At the same time, the lower temperature rise in the sample and the more favorable development of shrinkage kinetics compared to the higher intensities of halogen light may aid in maintaining marginal adaptation while avoiding possible thermal injury.

scholarly journals Field Propagation Experiments of Male African Savanna Elephant Rumbles: A Focus on the Transmission of Formant Frequencies

Animals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Baotic ◽  
Maxime Garcia ◽  
Markus Boeckle ◽  
Angela Stoeger
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Vocal Communication ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
African Savanna ◽  
Formant Frequencies ◽  
Resonance Frequencies

African savanna elephants live in dynamic fission–fusion societies and exhibit a sophisticated vocal communication system. Their most frequent call-type is the ‘rumble’, with a fundamental frequency (which refers to the lowest vocal fold vibration rate when producing a vocalization) near or in the infrasonic range. Rumbles are used in a wide variety of behavioral contexts, for short- and long-distance communication, and convey contextual and physical information. For example, maturity (age and size) is encoded in male rumbles by formant frequencies (the resonance frequencies of the vocal tract), having the most informative power. As sound propagates, however, its spectral and temporal structures degrade progressively. Our study used manipulated and resynthesized male social rumbles to simulate large and small individuals (based on different formant values) to quantify whether this phenotypic information efficiently transmits over long distances. To examine transmission efficiency and the potential influences of ecological factors, we broadcasted and re-recorded rumbles at distances of up to 1.5 km in two different habitats at the Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa. Our results show that rumbles were affected by spectral–temporal degradation over distance. Interestingly and unlike previous findings, the transmission of formants was better than that of the fundamental frequency. Our findings demonstrate the importance of formant frequencies for the efficiency of rumble propagation and the transmission of information content in a savanna elephant’s natural habitat.

scholarly journals A Miniature Optical Force Dual-Axis Accelerometer Based on Laser Diodes and Small Particles Cavities

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1375
Author(s):  
Junji Pu ◽  
Kai Zeng ◽  
Yulie Wu ◽  
Dingbang Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Optical System ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Optical Force ◽  
Zero Bias ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems ◽  
Force Effect ◽  
High Measurement ◽  
Mems Technology

In recent years, the optical accelerometer based on the optical trapping force effect has gradually attracted the attention of researchers for its high sensitivity and high measurement accuracy. However, due to its large size and the complexity of optical path adjustment, the optical force accelerometers reported are only suitable for the laboratory environment up to now. In this paper, a miniature optical force dual-axis accelerometer based on the miniature optical system and a particles cavity which is prepared by Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology is proposed. The overall system of the miniature optical levitation including the miniature optical system and MEMS particles cavity is a cylindrical structure with a diameter of about 10 mm and a height of 33 mm (Φ 10 mm × 33 mm). Moreover, the size of this accelerometer is 200 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm. Due to the selected light source being a laser diode light source with elliptical distribution, it is sensitive to the external acceleration in both the long axis and the short axis. This accelerometer achieves a measurement range of ±0.17 g–±0.26 g and measurement resolution of 0.49 mg and 1.88 mg. The result shows that the short-term zero-bias stability of the two orthogonal axes of the optical force accelerometer is 4.4 mg and 9.2 mg, respectively. The main conclusion that can be drawn is that this optical force accelerometer could provide an effective solution for measuring acceleration with an optical force effect for compact engineering devices.

Robust and rapidly tunable light source for SRS/CARS microscopy with extremely low-intensity noise

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Giessen ◽  
Heiko Linnenbank ◽  
Tobias Steinle ◽  
Florian Mörz ◽  
Moritz Floess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Intensity Noise ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Cars Microscopy

Optical System Design of Star Simulator Light Source with Spectrum Adjustable Based on DMD

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 722002
Author(s):  
XU Da ◽  
ZHANG Guo-yu ◽  
SUN Gao-fei ◽  
ZHANG Yu ◽  
LEI Jie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Optical System ◽  
Optical System Design
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